historical?figure

The first version:

make three calls at the thatched cottage/repeatedly request sb to take up a post

When Liu Bei lived in Xinye, he knew that the reason for wasting half his life was that although there were generals such as Guan Yu and Zhang Fei around him, there was no counselor to give advice, so he was polite and helpful. On the recommendation of Si Mahui and Xu Shu, Liu Bei, Guan Yu and Zhang Fei came to visit Zhuge Liang in Longzhong, Xiangyang.

When I first came to this villa, Liang had already gone out, and the three met Liang's friend Cui on the way back. A few days later, Liu, Guan and Zhang braved the storm to take care of the hut. On the way, I met my good friend and Meng. When I arrived at the thatched cottage and met Liang's brother Zhuge Jun, I realized that Liang had traveled far away, leaving a note to express my admiration. When I came back, I met Liang's father-in-law Huang by the bridge at the foot of Longzhong Mountain. After a while, Liu Bei, Guan Yu and Zhang Fei came to the thatched cottage. It happened that the lights were on at home and they didn't wake up during the day. Liu Bei ordered Guan and Zhang to wait outside the door. They crept and stood at the foot of the steps and handed them to Liu Bei. They didn't meet until they woke up. [Sangutang: Built in the 58th year of Emperor Kangxi of Qing Dynasty (A.D. 17 19), it is the memorial hall of Liu Bei's Mao Lu of Sangutang and Zhuge Liang's Long Zhong Dui. ]

Longzhongdui

After the battle of Guandu, Liu Bei fled to Jingzhou and defected to Liu Biao. Liu Biao allocated some troops to him to stay in Xinye (now Xinye County, Henan Province).

Liu Bei is an ambitious man, because his ambition has not been realized, and his heart is always unhappy. He wants to find a good assistant. He found a famous man named Si Mahui in Xiangyang, so he went to visit him specially.

Si Mahui said, "There are Wolong and Feng Chu in this area. If you can invite one of them, you can decide the world. " Si Mahui told Liu Bei: Wolong is Zhuge Liang, and the word is Kongming; Feng Chu's name is Pang Tong.

Xu Shu is also a local celebrity, because I heard that Liu Bei was recruiting talents, so I came to see him. Liu Bei was so happy that he left Xu Shu as his counselor. Xu Shu said, "I have an old friend, Zhu Gekongming. People call him Wolong. Does the general want to meet him? " After listening to Xu Shu's introduction, Liu Bei said, "Since you know him so well, please come hard and invite him!" Xu Shu shook his head and said, "This can't be done. People like this must be personally invited by the general to show your sincerity. "

Liu Bei successively heard that Si Mahui and Xu Shu attached great importance to Zhuge Liang. Knowing that Zhuge Liang must be a great talent, he took Guan Yu and Zhang Fei to Longzhong to find Zhuge Liang. Zhuge Liang visited the hut and was finally moved by Liu Bei's sincerity and took Liu Bei to his hut.

Zhuge Liang saw that Liu Bei was so open-minded and asked for advice, so he had a heart-to-heart talk with Liu Bei. He said: "Now Cao Cao has defeated Yuan Shao, with an army of1100,000, and he is holding the order of the Emperor. We can't compete with him by force alone. Sun Quan has occupied Jiangdong area for three generations. Jiangdong has a dangerous terrain, and now all the people have joined him, and a group of talents are working for him. It seems that we can only unite with him and can't play his mind. "

Then, Zhuge Liang analyzed the situation of Jingzhou and Yizhou (now part of Sichuan, Yunnan, Shaanxi, Gansu, Hubei and Guizhou), and thought that Jingzhou was an important military place, and Liu Biao could not keep this place. Yizhou has a fertile and vast land, which has always been called "the land of abundance", but Liu Zhang, the owner there, is also a weak man, and everyone is dissatisfied with him.

Finally, he said, "The general is a descendant of the royal family and is famous all over the world. If we can occupy Jingzhou and Yizhou, unite with Sun Quan and rectify internal affairs, we can March from Jingzhou and Yizhou and attack Cao Cao once we have the opportunity. At that time, who will not welcome the general? In this way, we can achieve great things and restore the Han Dynasty. "

After listening to Zhuge Liang's incisive and thorough analysis, Liu Bei's thoughts were suddenly enlightened. He felt that Zhuge Liang's talents were rare, so he earnestly asked Zhuge Liang to come out of the mountain and help him complete the great cause of reviving the Han Dynasty. Zhuge Liang went out to assist Liu Bei.

Later, people called it "three visits to the thatched cottage" and called Zhuge Liang's conversation "Longzhong Dui". (Some say it's from Longzhong, Xiangyang, and some say it's from Nanyang. Hard to be sure? )

Wuzhangyuan

The original site of Zhang Wu is located in Qishan County, Baoji City, 30 kilometers east of Xi/KLOC-0, 56 kilometers west of Baoji and 25 kilometers north of Qishan County. It is more than 20 meters high and covers an area of about 12 square kilometers. Qipanshan is in the south of Zhang Wu, and Weihe River is in the north. The situation is very dangerous. During the Three Kingdoms period, Zhuge Liang stationed troops in Wuzhangyuan to crusade against Sima Yi, and later died of overwork, making Wuzhangyuan famous all over the world. It was the last battlefield of Zhuge Liang during the Three Kingdoms period.

In 234 AD, Zhuge Liang led his troops from Hanzhong, crossed the Qinling Mountains and entered Wuzhangyuan. I'm new here, and I'm short of food and grass. I'll settle down for training and wait for Wei. Sima Yi, the general of Wei, knew Zhuge Liang's clever plan and stuck to the north bank of Weihe River, not daring to send troops. The two sides fought for a hundred days in Wuzhangyuan. Zhuge Liang had to lure Wei Bing to fight in Hulugou, and set fire to break Taniguchi, in order to defeat Wei Sima Yi by surprise, and Wei Jun survived. In the autumn of the same year, Zhuge Liang died in the army, and the Shu army was defeated. When Sima Yi entered the place where Zhuge Liang commanded the battle, he saw the danger of the position of the Shu army and exclaimed, "The genius of the world is also." Later generations built a temple here in memory of Zhuge Liang.

According to local folklore, when Zhuge Liang died, a star fell from the sky, hence the name. In Zhuge Liang's wasteland, people call him "Zhuge Tian". At that time, Zhuge Liang left the ruins of the half-meter-high city wall where he took the military account to command the battle. It was about 250 meters long from north to south and nearly 100 meters wide from east to west. The local people named this small castle "Lost in the City". In the south of Holloway, there is a flat stone with checkerboard patterns on it. It is said that Zhuge Liang played chess here in those days, so this mountain was named Qipanshan. Many "Zhuge pots" were found in the soil of Wuzhangyuan, and the handwriting of official script of Han Dynasty was cast on the iron pot. The five plains are now a farmland, and tourists always want to find the remains and rumors of the ancient battlefield. There is a river bend in the middle of the farmland, which is called Luoxingwan locally, and the village in the bay is called Luoxingbao.

There is Zhuge Liang Temple at the northern end of Wuzhangyuan, which was built in the early Yuan Dynasty and rebuilt in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. There are pictures of the stories of the Three Kingdoms on both sides of the memorial hall in the shrine, such as Gu Chenghui, Empty City Plan and Lu Bu in World War III. There are 40 bluestones embedded under the mural, and the stone carving Yue Fei's calligraphy "Teacher's Watch" is vigorous and powerful. In front of the stone, there is an inscription by Zhu Yuanzhang, the great ancestor of Ming Dynasty, praising Yue Fei: "Pure and unpretentious, writing is like a person". (Some say it's from Longzhong, Xiangyang, and some say it's from Nanyang. Hard to be sure? )

Zhuge Liang story

Eat melons and keep seeds.

Zhuge Liang can not only grow crops well, but also grow watermelons with one hand. There used to be a rule in Xiangyang that when you entered the watermelon garden, you can eat enough melons, but you can't take them away. Legend has it that this "rule" was also asked by Ge Liang to stay.

The watermelon planted by Zhuge Liang is big, sweet and sour. Anyone who comes to Longzhong as a guest and passes by must go to Guayuan to have a full meal. The old farmers around him came to learn from him the experience of growing melons. He told them unreservedly that melons should be planted in sand and covered with sesame cakes or sesame oil. Many people came to him for melon seeds, because they didn't pay attention to keeping them before, so many people had to go home disappointed. The next year, the watermelon garden opened again. He put a sign in the ground that said, "Eat the melon well and leave the melon seeds."

Zhuge Liang washed and dried melon seeds and distributed them to nearby melon farmers. At present, watermelons in Hu Jiajia, Changfeng and Xiaofuzhou on the sandy land on both sides of Hanshui River are still very famous, with big head, thin skin and sweet taste. Some places still abide by the old rule of "eat melons and keep seeds".

Save future generations through clever calculations.

Whether this matter is true or not cannot be verified. Judging from the record, it is still possible.

Legend has it that Zhuge Liang said to his descendants before he died: "After I die, one of you will be killed in the future. At that time, you had demolished the house, and there was a paper bag in the wall. There are remedial measures. "

After Zhuge Liang died, Sima Qian became emperor. He learned that there was a general in the imperial court who was a descendant of Zhuge Liang, so he wanted to ask him to treat the disease. One day, Sima 0 made an excuse and sentenced the general to death. In the golden palace, Sima asked, "What did your grandfather say before he died?" The general told Zhuge Liang in detail. Hearing this, Sima 0 ordered the soldiers to tear down the house and take out the paper bag. I saw a letter in a paper bag, which said "Open in case of emperor". The soldiers handed the letter to 0, 0 and opened it, only to find that it said, "Take three steps back after the visit." 0 immediately stand up and take three steps back. As soon as he stood firm, he heard a "click" and a piece of jade fell from the roof directly above the dragon case. Smash the tables and chairs into pieces. 0 scared out in a cold sweat. On the other hand, looking at the back of the letter, it says, "I saved your life, please let my descendants live." After reading this letter, I secretly admire Zhuge Liang's ingenuity. Later, he was reinstated as a general.

Zhuge Liang's gossip clothes

In the drama and pictures, Zhuge Liang dressed in gossip clothes, strategized and won thousands of miles. According to folklore, Zhuge Liang's gossip clothes were given to him by his studious wife.

Zhuge Liang studied under Mr. Si Mahui, a water mirror, when he was a teenager. Zhuge Liang studied hard and used his head diligently. Not only Sima Caode appreciates him, but also Sima's wife values him very much. They all like this studious and brainy boy. At that time, there were no clocks, and time was recorded by sundials. There is no sun on rainy days. Time is not easy to grasp. In order to record time, Si Mahui trained cock to crow on time by feeding regularly. Zhuge Liang is gifted and intelligent. Mr. Sima knows what he says as he pleases, and can't help but understand his thirst for knowledge. In order to learn more, he wanted Mr. Wang to extend the lecture time, but Mr. Wang always relied on the cock crow, so Zhuge Liang thought: If the cock crow time is extended, Mr. Wang's lecture time will be extended. So he brought some food in his pocket when he went to school. It is estimated that when the chicken is about to crow, he will feed it some food, and the chicken will not crow when it is full.

After a while, Mr. Sima wanted to know why the chicken didn't crow on time. Careful observation shows that Zhuge Liang fed the chickens when they crowed. When teacher Sima was in class, he asked the students why chickens didn't crow on time. Other students are at a loss. Zhuge Liang knew it in his heart, but he was an honest man, so he truthfully reported to Teacher Sima about feeding chickens when they crowed, so as to prolong the teacher's teaching time. Teacher Sima was so angry that he burned the book on the spot and wouldn't let him continue his study. Zhuge Liang is eager to learn, but he can't learn, and he can't force it, so he goes to ask Mrs. Sima. Sima Fu deeply sympathized with the punishment of letting Ge Liang feed the chickens to study, so he pleaded with Mr. Sima. Teacher Sima said: "At an early age, I didn't work hard on my homework, but I let my thoughts deceive the teacher." This is a bad intention, and this person can't be big. "Mrs. Sima interceded for Zhuge Liang many times, saying that although he was a little careful at an early age, he always wanted to learn more and had no other plans. Hearing this, Mr. Sima felt reasonable and agreed that Zhuge Liang would continue his studies.

Mr. Sima burned Zhuge Liang's book in a rage, and after his wife persuaded him, he agreed to continue studying. But how can I read without books? The lady said to Mr. Sima, "You have the back shell of a thousand-year-old tortoise. Legend can make people know the past in a thousand years and the future in 500 years. You might as well let Zhuge Liang try. If it's useful, why do you want a book? " Mr. Sima thought that he had burned the book, so he had to do as his wife said.

Zhuge Liang put the turtle shell given by his wife on his body, which became the costume of his life-gossip suit. What I learned in the past is vivid in my mind, and I can understand it without telling the truth.

Zhuge Liang's goose feather fan

Zhuge Liang's goose feather fan represents wisdom and talent, so in Zhuge Liang's operas, Kong Ming always holds a goose feather fan in his hand.

There is a folk story about goose feather fan. Huang's baby daughter is not ugly, but she is a very smart, beautiful and talented girl. Huang was afraid of turning a blind eye to Jingshan jade for young people, so he called his daughter "Ah Chou". Archie Huang Ou Yue Ying is not only fluent in writing, but also superb in martial arts. She once studied under a famous teacher. When Yicheng went down the mountain, the master gave her a goose feather fan and wrote the words "bright" and "bright". There are also many tricks in the world to attack the city and rule the country. And tell her that the one with the word bright in his name is the only thrill. Later, Huang's son-in-law was Zhuge Liang, the later prime minister of Shu. Before he left Longzhong, he knew that there were "Ming" and "Liang" in the world. When they got married, Huang Yueying gave Zhuge Aliang a goose feather fan as a gift. Kong Ming's love for goose feather fans is like the apple of his eye. In doing so, he not only expressed the sincere love between their husband and wife, but also skillfully used the infatuation strategy. So, no matter spring, summer, autumn and winter, I always put my hand on the fan.

During the Kangxi period of the Qing Dynasty, Zhao, an observer of Xiangyang, wrote in Zhuge Shi: "The fan shakes the tripod for three minutes, and there are eight dark clouds", which is enough to prove the role of Zhuge Liang's goose feather fan and the reason why he never leaves the fan.

Note: Nanyang Wuhou Temple also has the saying of "three visits to the thatched cottage", which is difficult to determine. You can watch it.

Zhuge Liang's "former teacher"

Chen Liang said: the first emperor did not start a business, and the middle road collapsed; The next three points, Yizhou tired, this is the key autumn. However, the Minister of Security is persistent; Loyalist, forgetful: I want to report the special experience of Gai Zhui and the late emperor to your Majesty. If you are sincere, you should listen to the holy spirit, with the light of the legacy of the first emperor and the spirit of the people; It is not advisable to sell yourself short, quote nonsense, and block the road of loyal advice. In the palace, everything is one; It is not appropriate to punish different people with the same: if you are a traitor and a loyal and kind person, you should pay the minister to discuss his reward and punishment to show your majesty's just rule; Selfishness is not desirable, so there is a difference between inside and outside. Shi Zhong, Assistant Minister Guo Youzhi, Fei Yi, Dong Yun, etc. , are kind and upright, are loyal and pure. They are based on the simple choice of the late emperor to leave his majesty: I think that everything in the palace, big or small, should be discussed and then implemented, which will help to fill the vacancy and have a wide range of benefits. Xiang Chong, a general, has a good personality and fluent military style. He tried in the past. The first emperor called it "energy" based on the discussion of many people. He thinks that no matter what happens in the camp, no matter how big or small, he will be able to make the front and Mu, with both advantages and disadvantages. Pro-sages, far villains, this first Han is so prosperous; You little people, far from being wise ministers, have been so depressed in the Han Dynasty ever since. When the first emperor was still alive, every time I talked to the minister about it, I always sighed and hated Yu Huan and Ling Ye! Shi Zhong, Shang Shu, Chang Shi, joined the army. I know I'm also a priest of Liang Zhen's Day of Death. I hope your majesty will be close to me, so that the Han Dynasty will be prosperous. You wait.

I'm a commoner, I've done my best for Nanyang, I'm willing to risk my life in troubled times, and I don't want Wenda to become a vassal. The first emperor didn't treat his ministers with meanness, and his accusation was self-defeating. He took care of his ministers in the thatched cottage and consulted them on contemporary affairs, so he was grateful and promised the first emperor to drive him away. After the value was overthrown, when I was appointed to the defeated army, I was ordered to be in danger: I have been here for twenty years. The first emperor knew that I was cautious, so he sent me to be a minister in case of collapse. Since his appointment, he has been worried all night, fearing that the entrustment will not work, which will hurt the understanding of the first emperor; So crossing the Luzhou River in May, nothing grows. Today, the south has been decided, and the armor is sufficient. There are rewards and orders for the three armed forces, and the north will set the Central Plains, and the Han Dynasty will be revived and restored. The minister was therefore loyal to His Majesty and the first emperor. As for the consideration of profit and loss, you should be responsible for it, rely on it and allow it if you keep your word. May your majesty entrust the effect of bringing back the dead to the minister, and if it doesn't work, he will sue the spirit of the first emperor for punishing the minister; If there is no word revival, then blame it, rely on it, allow it and so on. To show its slowness. Your majesty should also ask for help, consult the good way, and make a thorough study of the imperial edict. I am very grateful! Stay away from it today, and you will cry and be confused.

Zhuge Liang's "A Teacher's Example"

The first emperor was worried about the Han thief and was not partial, so he asked me to ask the thief. With the knowledge of the first emperor, we can measure the talents of ministers, so we know that if I cut thieves, the enemy will be weak and the enemy will be strong. If we don't kill the thief, Wang Ye will die. But sitting still, which one is it? That's why I became suspicious. On the day I was ordered, I was restless and unwilling to eat; Thinking about the Northern Expedition, we should enter the south first: therefore, we crossed Luzhou in May, went deep into the barren land, and had a solar eclipse. I have to feel sorry for myself: Gu couldn't be partial to the capital of Shu, so he risked his life to serve the legacy of my late emperor. The discussant called it unplanned. Now thieves hate the west and serve the east. Sun Tzu's Art of War: It is also the time to advance. I sincerely hope that Chen Qi's affairs are as follows: Gao Di is as bright as the sun and the moon, and his advisers are deep, but he is injured by risks and then he is safe and sound; Now your majesty is not as good as the emperor, and the adviser is not as good as him, but he wants to win with a long-term strategy and settle the world: this minister has not solved a thing. Liu you and Wang lang, each according to the state and county, talk about the plan, move the sage, and the ministers are suspicious and difficult to stuff; No war this year, no conscription next year, let Sun Ce take the big seat, and then we will join Jiangdong: this minister has not solved the second problem. Cao Cao's wisdom is not available to others. He imitates Sun and Wu with his soldiers. But he was trapped in Nanyang, dangerous in Wuchao, dangerous in Qilian, forced to Liyang, defeated the mountain several times, almost died in Tongguan, and then took a vacation for a while; The minister is weak, but he must be determined to keep up with the crisis: this minister has not solved three problems. Cao Cao couldn't conquer Changba five times, but he couldn't cross Chaohu Lake four times. He appointed Li Fu and Li Fu to work out, and appointed Xiahou and Xia Houdun, who lost. Every time the late emperor called Cao Cao a capable person, it was still a loss. How can I win under the minister's crossbow? The minister failed to solve four problems. Since I arrived in Hanzhong, I have lost Zhao Yun, Yang Qun, Ma Yu, Yan Zhi, Li Ding, Bai Shou, Liu He and Deng Tong. There are more than 70 people driving long chariots, and all of a sudden 1000 people are riding on the mountain. This is all within a few decades, the quartet elite is not owned by one country; If it is a plural year, it will cost two thirds. When you want to kill the enemy: The minister didn't solve five problems. Today, the people are poor and tired, and they are in Fukashi; If things can't stop, then live and travel, work and pay; Not as good as today's picture, I want to stay in a state with the thief: the minister has not solved six problems.

It is difficult for a husband to make peace, and things are also. Yesterday, the first emperor was defeated in Chu. At this time, Cao Cao clapped his hands and said that the world was settled. The first emperor invaded wuyue in the east, took Ba and Shu in the west, and sent his troops to the north to behead Xia Houdun: this was a mistake, but it was a success in China. -Then Wu Geng violated the alliance, Guan Yu was defeated, Zigui fell, and Cao Pi proclaimed himself emperor: Everything is so hard to see irreversibility. I try my best to die; As for failure and outspoken, the minister doesn't know.

Mourn for Zhou Yu

Alas, Gong Jin, unfortunately died young! Does it stop hurting when people correct their shortcomings? My heart is really painful, it takes two hands to clap; You have spirit, enjoy my steaming! Hanging Wang Xue, in order to pay "operator"; Give justice to the poor and let the people give up. Hanging the laurel of the weak, Li-Peng Wan didn't get it; Establish a bully and divide the south of the Yangtze River. Lizhuang, Diao Jun, far away from Baqiu Town; Jingsheng is worried and anxious. Diao Jun is rich and good with Xiao Qiao; Han Chen's son-in-law, who deserved to be in power, showed great respect and remonstrance for the monarch's spirit; You don't hang your wings at first, but you can raise your wings at last. Diaojun Poyang, Jiang Gan; Relaxed, generous and intelligent. Diao Jun Cai Hong, Civil and Military Planning; Fire destroys the enemy, and the strong is weak. When I miss you, I am a hero; Cry jun died young, easy to bleed. Loyal heart, heroism; I have lived for three years, and my name is immortal. I mourn for you and feel sorry for you. Only my courage, sadness is not cut off. The sky is dark and the three armies are sorrowful; Lord mourns; Friends shed tears. Ming and incompetence, seeking a plan; Help Wu reject Cao and help Han; With the help of the horn, the beginning and the end are intertwined. Whether you live or die, why worry? Oh! Gong Jin! Farewell to the garden of life and death, keep your virginity, and be like a spirit, so as to learn from your heart: there will be no confidant from now on! Oh, it hurts! Fu Wei is still very interesting.

An exhortation

A gentleman's journey is quiet to cultivate one's morality, and frugal to cultivate one's morality. Not cold, not awake, not quiet, not far away. If you study quietly, you must study. If you don't study, you won't learn widely. If you have no ambition, you can't succeed. If you are slow, you can't be energetic, and if you are dangerous, you can't be radical. Time goes by, meaning goes by, and then becomes withered, not meeting the world, and staying in a poor house sadly. What will happen?

This is how people with moral cultivation practice. They perfect themselves through meditation and introspection, and cultivate their noble character through thrift and saving money. Without a clear heart and desire, you can't make your ambition clear and firm. Without stability and tranquility, you can't realize your lofty ideals and study hard for a long time. To learn true knowledge, we must study and discuss it peacefully, and human talents are accumulated from continuous learning; If you don't study hard, you can't grow and develop your talents; If you don't have firm will, you can't succeed in your studies. Indulgence and negative neglect can't cheer up the mind; Zhi Tao's temperament can't make moral integrity noble because of reckless adventure and impatience. If we waste it year after year, the volunteers' time will eventually become as old as dead leaves. Such people will not be used by society, but will benefit society. They will only be trapped in their poor home sadly, and it will be too late to regret it. (Lanxi Zhuge Village) [Note: At the request of netizen Wu Chunsen]

Longzhongdui

Liang replied, "Since Dong Zhuo came, there have been many heroes, and countless people have crossed the state and even the county. Compared with Yuan Shao, Cao Cao is less famous and has fewer people. However, Cao overcame salt and took the weak as the strong, which was not only the right time, but also the right place. Today, millions of Cao Cao are vassals with the emperor. This sincerity is indisputable. According to Sun Quan, he has lived in Jiangdong for three generations. He can use it. It can be used for aid, but not for profit. Jingzhou is bordered by Han and Mian in the north, benefiting from it; it is connected with Tongba and Shu in the east and adjacent to it in the west. This is a martial arts country, but its owner can't keep it. This is almost heaven, so it is a general. Does the general care? Yizhou is a dangerous place, fertile land is thousands of miles away, and the land of abundance makes Gaozu emperor. Liu Zhang is weak, Zhang Lu is in the north, the people are rich but don't know how to keep shirts, and the wise think of the wise. The general is both the emperor's palace and loyal to the four seas. He is a hero, eager for wisdom. If there are advantages and interests, he will protect his rock resistance, he will be brave in the west and brave in the south, and he will do a good job in foreign relations and domestic politics with Sun Quan. If the world changes, a general will be ordered to lead Jingzhou troops to Wan and Luo, and the general will lead Yizhou people out of Qinchuan. Who dares to meet the general without eating kettle pulp? If this is the case, the hegemony can be reached and the Han family can flourish. "

The second version:

make three calls at the thatched cottage/repeatedly request sb to take up a post

Xu Shu enthusiastically recommended Zhuge Liang (also known as Zhu Gekongming) to Liu Bei. Liu Bei was very happy and decided to visit him. At that time, Zhuge Liang lived in seclusion in Longzhong outside Xiangyang City. Liu Bei took Guan Yu and Zhang Fei to Longzhong, but unfortunately Zhuge Liang went out and didn't see him. A few days later, Liu Bei braved the wind and rain to visit again, and Zhuge Liang wandered around with his friends. Liu Bei was a little disappointed when he didn't see Kong Ming twice, but in order to achieve great things, he longed for talents. He arranged a third visit. Zhuge Liang didn't go out this time, but he didn't wake up after sleeping in the thatched cottage. Liu Bei stood humbly on the stone steps until Kong Ming woke up. Zhuge Liang was moved by Liu Bei's sincerity and promised to go out to help Liu Bei. Finally, he achieved something. "Visiting the thatched cottage" was later used to express sincere invitation to others. Sometimes he said that he had visited many times before seeing each other.

Get along well (like a duck to water)

Liu Bei visited the thatched cottage and invited Zhuge Liang (Kong Ming) to come out of the mountain. After that, "eat at the same table and sleep in the same bed." He talks about world affairs all day long and regards Kong Ming, Guan Yu and Zhang Fei as his teachers. He was very unhappy, so he said to Liu Bei, "Kongming is young, how can he learn from his big brother?" You're really good at him, and you've never seen him show his hand! Liu Bei advised them, "I got Kong Ming like a duck to water, not to mention my two younger brothers. "Like a duck to water" means finding a person who shares my interests, or finding an environment suitable for my career development. For example, Professor Li asked Zhang Ming to be an assistant, and the progress of scientific research projects was accelerated, breaking through one difficulty after another.

Be a novice

Soon after Zhuge Liang, the new official, went to Xinye with Liu Bei, Cao Cao sent Xia Houdun with a hundred thousand troops to Bowangcheng to approach Xinye. Liu Bei called Zhang Guan to discuss how to meet the enemy. Zhang Fei was unconvinced by Liu Bei's statement that he could "be like a duck to water" and said angrily, "Why not send water to meet the enemy?" Liu Bei said, "Be smart when dealing with Kong Ming, but be brave when dealing with the second brother." Kong Ming was afraid that Zhang Guan and others would not obey orders, so he asked Liu Bei for a sword and seal to show that he had mastered military power. Those who did not obey orders would be beheaded. Kongming sent troops to attack Bo Wangpo, Cao Bing, and defeated Xia Houdun. This beautiful victory made Zhang Guan admire Zhuge Liang, and from then on, he sincerely obeyed his orders. In Chapter 39 of Romance of the Three Kingdoms, there is a poem praising Zhuge Liang: "Wang Bo fights fire with fire and directs a pleasant joke." The idiom "young man" originally meant that Zhuge Liang won the battle as soon as he came to power, but later it was used to describe that he had just entered social work and lacked practical experience. For example, although he is a "young man", he is energetic and eager to learn, and he soon became familiar with the business and made achievements.

Wise advice

In order to control the kidnapping of Liu Bei, Sun Quan accepted Zhou Yu's "honey trap", pretending to betrothed his sister to Liu Bei who had just lost his wife, and tricked Liu Bei into going to Nanxu to find a wife. Then I plan to put him under house arrest and send someone to take Jingzhou back as a hostage. Liu Bei was suspicious when he met Sun Quan's emissary, but Zhuge Liang reassured him and confidently said that he would "use a little trick to make Zhou Yu half-funded." Wu Hou's sister is also a young master; Jingzhou is foolproof. "He asked Zhao Zilong to escort Liu Bei. When he left, Zhuge Liang called Zhao Zilong to his side, gave him three pieces of advice, and whispered to him, "You should accept these three pieces of advice to ensure that your master enters the Kingdom of Wu. There are three tips in the bag, which you can follow in order. Zhao Zilong followed suit and forced Sun Quan's sister to get married. "。 Later, Liu Bei and Mrs. Sun were escorted safely out of Wu and escaped from the tiger's mouth.

Later, Yu Liang.

Zhou Yu always wanted to kill Liu Bei and Zhuge Liang, but his schemes were all destroyed by Zhuge Liang. Chapters 5 1 to 56 of Romance of the Three Kingdoms narrate the story of "Kongming San qi zhou Gong Jin". Zhou Yu was narrow-minded, but he had not recovered from the arrow sore, and finally died in anger. When he died, he looked up at the sky and sighed, "Since he was born in, how can he be bright!" " "It means" since there is a Zhou Yu, why is there another Zhuge Liang! This story leads to the idiom "a moment of beauty", which means that two people exist at the same time, with equal talent and ability, but they compete with each other.

Capture and release seven times

After Liu Bei's death, Zhuge Liang ascended the throne, and Shu flourished. At that time, several counties in South China (now south of Dadu River in Sichuan and Yunnan and Guizhou) rebelled. Zhuge Liang personally led the army to crusade, and the war won a great victory. Finally, Meng Huo, the head of South China, continued to resist. Zhuge Liang learned that Meng Huo was not only brave in fighting, but also famous in various tribes, so he decided to give priority to the policy and win him over. Meng Huo was captured alive on his first encounter. He persuaded Meng Huo to defect, but he was not convinced. Kong Ming didn't force him to let him go and let him fight again. In this way, Meng Huo was arrested seven times. By the seventh time, Meng Huo finally convinced himself not to resist. Zhuge Liang ordered Meng Huo and tribal leaders to manage the original area as usual, without sending officials, which also created "worry-free" conditions for the Northern Expedition. "Capture" means capture, and "vertical" means release. The metaphor of "seven captures and seven verticals" means that you are sure to defeat the other side and control the other side strategically.

Live a simple life to show your ambition.

Liu Bei visited Zhuge Liang for the second time and entered the gate of the thatched cottage. When he arrived at the middle gate, he saw a couplet written on the door: "Be indifferent to your heart, be quiet and far-reaching", which means to show your ambition by being indifferent and simple, and stay away from fame and fortune with peace of mind. This couplet shows one aspect of Zhuge Liang's moral cultivation. Zhuge Liang's "Warning Book" uses a double negative expression: "There is no ambition, no indifference, and the meaning is still unfinished. Zhuge Liang, Zhuge Liang of Wudang Mountain, was born in Yang Du County (now yinan county, Shandong Province), a land of evil spirits. At the age of fourteen, his brother and sister went to Zhang Yu County (now Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province) with their uncle Zhuge Xuan, and soon went to Xiangyang to defect to Liu Biao. After his uncle died, Zhuge Liang and his younger brother and sister were in a place called Longzhong, more than twenty miles west of Xiangyang City. He lived in Wollongong, Longzhong, and devoted himself to a hundred schools of thought, showing high knowledge and talent. According to Zhuge Liang's Collection, Zhuge Liang made friends with many famous people in Jingzhou at that time, and asked for advice with an open mind, and his knowledge became wider and wider. At that time, the famous China ancient classic scholar Si Mahui was called Mr. Water Mirror. He taught Taoism in Xiangyang and received many disciples. According to Xian Jian, Si Mahui read Zhuge Liang's classics. Enrich your knowledge. The public servant of Rushan Lingshan is proficient in politics and military affairs. I often ask him for advice. We will never finish learning his knowledge. You can ask him modestly. " Zhuge Liang was very happy, so he joined Si Mahui as a teacher. Zhuge Liang lived in 99 for a year, and didn't teach anything in 99, but Zhuge Liang still served his teacher respectfully until 99 decided that Zhuge Liang was indeed a student with excellent academic performance. Teach him two books, Sun Tzu's Art of War, Array Law and Lonely Prosperity. These books include Taoism, astronomy and meteorology, and the art of war. Most of them are knowledge that Zhuge Liang has never involved before, which has benefited him a lot. After a few months, Chen Jiu saw that he could understand the mystery of the books he taught, so he recommended to him: "There is a Wudang Mountain in Nanjun, with 72 peaks and 32 rocks." There are many Taoist masters living in seclusion between these two peaks, among which the most famous Arctic leader is good at Shu Lang, Yushu, Fu Ling and the Five Elements Taoism. What you study here is mainly the art of war, not Taoism, which is far from enough. If you go on like this, you will fall into the extreme left stream. So, I'll take you to learn more about Taoism by taking the Arctic leader as a teacher. He was also tested. Let him chop wood and fetch water to eat Polygonatum every day. After living like this for a long time, I saw its sincerity, gained the Tao, and went down the mountain to this world. After that, Zhuge Liang went to visit Calyx Nine and the leader of the Arctic, but without any result, he continued to live in seclusion. Si Mahui knew that Zhuge Liang had achieved great success, so when Liu Bei later traveled around the world in Si Mahui, Zhuge Liang was the first person recommended to him by Si Mahui. After that, Liu Bei's "three visits to the thatched cottage" and Zhuge Liang's worship of books finally showed a series of touching experiences of political and military talents. According to later generations, there seems to be a dispute between Nanyang and Xiangyang. According to Zhuge Liang, "Liang's home is in Dengxian County, Nanyang, 20 miles west of Xiangyang City, and its name is Longzhong. Second, Xiangyang borders today's Yicheng County. There is a place called Denglin in Yicheng with a long history. During the Three Kingdoms period, Deng Lin may be the name of Deng County, and it is very likely that Longzhong will be under the jurisdiction of this Deng County. According to Taoism, being born different, living different, seclusion different from managing the world, and Zhang Zifang different from Han Dynasty. During the Three Kingdoms period, Zhuge Liang was a representative of the school of governing the country. Judging from Zhuge Liang's life's deeds, he studied in Calyx Nine and the Arctic Patriarch. Fu Zhuan et al. , all in his career of assisting Liu Bei to conquer the world. But the only thing he didn't learn was the ability to cultivate immortality, so that he died before he could enjoy life. Perhaps this is also the result of his teacher seeing that he is the material and ambitious to manage the world, so he teaches students in accordance with their aptitude!

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Zhuge Liang's deeds and stories