Chinese reading questions uploaded by SMS to ruins

Senior high school Chinese answering formula

(1) A sentence works in the text.

1. At the beginning of the article, the topic is fabricated, the atmosphere (prose) is rendered, the foreshadowing (narrative prose) is laid, and suspense (novel) is set to pave the way for the following.

The following is a summary of the above contents.

At the end of the article, point out the center (prose), deepen the theme (narrative), and take care of the beginning (discussion, narrative, novel).

(2) the role of rhetorical devices

1. Function of the sentence itself. Combined with sentence context

1 personify vivid images vividly and write+objects+features vividly.

There is momentum to strengthen the tone, emphasizing+object+characteristics in one go.

(3) Asking questions arouses readers' thinking, arouses readers' attention and thinking+object+characteristics.

Rhetorical question: emphasis, emphasis, etc.

(4) Contrast: emphasize … highlight …

(5) repeatedly emphasize ... strengthen the tone.

1. Expression: narration, description, lyricism, explanation and discussion.

Second, the expression techniques: symbol, contrast, contrast, suspense setting, echo before and after, desire to promote first, express meaning by holding things, express feelings by borrowing things, associate, imagine and set off (positive contrast, negative contrast).

Third, rhetorical devices: metaphor, personification, exaggeration, parallelism, duality, quotation, rhetorical question, repetition, intertextuality, contrast, metonymy and irony.

Four, the six elements of narrative: time, place, people, the cause, process and result of things.

5. Narrative sequence: sequence, flashback and insertion.

Sixth, description angle: positive description and side description.

Methods of describing characters: language, action, manner, psychology and appearance.

Eight, the perspective of describing the scene: vision, hearing, taste and touch.

Methods of describing scenery: the combination of dynamic and static (writing static by moving), the combination of generalization and concrete, from far to near (or from near to far).

X. Description (or lyric) methods: positive (also called direct) and negative (also called indirect).

XI。 Narrative mode: general narrative and detailed description.

Twelve. Interpretation order: chronological order, spatial order, logical order.

13. explanation: examples, numbers, analogy, comparison, definition, classification, explanation, imitation and quotation.

Fourteen, the plot of the novel is divided into four parts: beginning, development, climax and ending.

Fifteen, the three elements of the novel: character, plot and environment.

Sixteen, environmental description is divided into: natural environment and social environment.

17. Three elements of argumentative writing: argument, argument and argumentation.

18. Argumentation is divided into factual argument and rational argument.

Nineteen. Argumentation methods: example (or fact) argument, reason argument (sometimes called quotation argument), contrast (or positive and negative contrast) argument, metaphor argument.

20. Method of argument: argument and rebuttal (rebuttable argument, argument, argument)

Twenty-one, the structure of argumentative essay: total score, total score, total score; There are often parallel and progressive parts.

Twenty-two, the role of quotation marks: citation; Emphasize; Specific appellation; Negation, irony, irony

Usage of dash: prompt, comment, summary, progress, topic change, interjection.

(C) the meaning of the sentence

In such a topic, there is often a word or phrase in a sentence that is expressed by metaphor, contrast, metonymy and symbol. When answering questions, reveal what they are referring to, and then clear the sentences.

(4) Can one word in a sentence be replaced by another? Why?

Verb: No, because this word is written accurately, vividly and concretely …

Adjective: no, because this word vividly describes ...

Adverbs (such as Du, Da Du, Very Only, etc. No, because this word accurately describes ... (degree, limitation, time, scope, etc. ), it will become ... after being changed, it is not true.

(5) Can the order of two or three words in a sentence be reversed? Why?

No, because (1) doesn't conform to the law of people's understanding of things (from shallow to deep, from surface to inside, from phenomenon to essence). (2) There is a one-to-one correspondence between this word and the above. (3) These words are progressive, interlocking and cannot be interchanged.

(6) Summary of paragraph meaning

1. Narrative: Give a clear answer (when and where) to who did what.

Format: (time+place)+people+things.

2. explanatory text: the answer clearly States what the object is and what its characteristics are.

Format: description (introduction)+description object+description content (characteristics)

3. Argumentative essay: clearly answer what the question is and what the author's point of view is.

Format: What demonstration method is used to prove (demonstrate)+demonstrate?

First of all, the experience of rhetoric and article expression.

1. Read the position and position of good sentences in the article.

2. Formula: ① Metaphor: ... using figurative rhetoric to describe ... vividly shows the author's personification of ... ② Personification: ... using personification rhetoric to endow the characters with emotion and character to write, showing the author's vivid description of ... Rich in images. ④ rhetorical question: expressing the author's feelings by rhetorical devices.

Second, the function of interpolation.

1, read the position of the inserted paragraph and its connection with the full text.

2. Formula: ... The narrative method not only supplements the content of the article ... but also highlights the theme of the article (or enriches the hero's character ...).

Third, summarize the center of the article.

Formula: ① Main writers: narration ... worship ... expression ... ② Notes are mainly: narration ... (criticism) praise ... expression ... ③ Writing scenery: using ... description, praise and expression ... ④ Travel notes: description ... express.

Fourth, the role of narrative elements.

Formula: ① Time: Write in the order of ...

Fifth, the role of descriptive techniques.

1. Read the position and purpose of the technique described in the paragraph.

2. Make clear the description type and related knowledge: ① The main function of appearance (portrait) description is to express the character characteristics of the characters; The main function of language description is to express the feelings of characters and show their inner world; The main function of action (detail) description is to express the mental outlook and personality characteristics of the characters, which can make the characters vivid; ④ The main function of psychological (expression) description is to show the mental outlook of the characters, especially the complicated psychological subjective description, which can better remind the spiritual world of the characters.

3. Formula:

Appearance: Describe the appearance of ... and display it. ...

Language: the language of ... vividly shows ... and shows. ...

Action: It vividly and accurately depicts. ...

Psychology: ... when this sentence ... is written, it shows that. ...

The function of environmental description of intransitive verbs.

1, find out the environmental description sentences at the beginning, middle and end of the paragraph.

2. Formula: ① Description of scenery ... Describe the scenery (or environment) of ... and set off the character and quality of the characters. (2) Description of scenery ..., combined with the psychological activities of the characters, showing the characters' character and spirit.

The scenery description of … reflects the scene of … and lays the emotional tone of … for the full text.

Seven. The function of demonstration method.

1. Find out the relevant argumentation methods in the article.

2. Clear knowledge: ① The example method is mainly to enhance persuasiveness. Through one or two typical examples, the truth expounded can be convincing; The main function of citation method is to enrich the content, enhance the authority of persuasion, and have great strength and reliability; ③ The main function of the positive and negative contrast argument method is to make the argument more profound; ④ The main function of metaphor argument is to make it easy to understand and more concrete and vivid.

3. Formula:

Example: To illustrate the point of ... with examples.

Citation: Citation is adopted, based on famous sayings ... to enhance the authority, strength and reliability of persuasion.

Positive and negative comparative argument: adopt positive and negative comparative argument and discuss profoundly ...

Metaphorical argument: to demonstrate figuratively with the metaphor of …

Eight, imitate sentences.

Formula: 1 Count the number of words in the example sentence. ② Understand the rhetorical devices used in example sentences (except those without rhetorical devices). ③ Understand the conceptual and phenomenal relationship between example sentences and sentences to be imitated.

Nine, couplets.

Formula: ① name-to-name, shape-to-shape, dynamic-to-dynamic; (2) the mountain is facing Sichuan, the sky is facing the moon, and the sky is facing the ground; (3) Pay attention to the semantic association and integration of upper and lower conjunctions.

Ten, read the picture.

Formula: ① Analyze the elements of the picture. See clearly what is up, down, left and right, what is the subject word or title of the picture, and what is the language of the characters in the picture. ② The formula for writing comic titles is: title+content+inspiration. (3) express your own opinions or enlightenment and put forward your own opinions in combination with the pictures and ideas, and write according to the main points (written as 1, 2, 3). 4 add a title to the picture.

XI。 Ask questions.

Formula: ① Analyze the conclusion drawn from the given paragraph; ② Analyze the change of the given chart data and draw a conclusion; ③ Summarize your conclusion in one sentence, but it is best to express it with 1, 2,3; (4) When making your comments or suggestions, specify 1, 2,3.

Twelve. Summary questions.

Formula: ① Analyze the given language materials, find out the commonness of several materials, and then express them in one sentence. ② Analyze the given language materials, find out the key points of the phenomena mentioned in each material, and then express them in one sentence. Of course, it can also be written as "My findings are 1, 2, 3". (3) analyze the content of the selected passages of a given classic, and then find out the key plot or the language and actions of the characters, and then use them.

Formula:

1, you should be able to write the characteristic language of the characters in the relevant chapters of 1-6 volumes of famous books. (2) write the characteristics of the characters. (3) write the story of the relevant chapters. (4) write the protagonist's name and title. ⑤ If you want to choose one aspect from the contents, themes, characters and writing techniques of literary masterpieces in refined language, you'd better consider the characters to answer the questions.

Thirteen, read famous books.

Formula:

1, you should be able to write the characteristic language of the characters in the relevant chapters of 1-6 volumes of famous books.

Write the story of the relevant chapter. Write the protagonist's name and title.

⑤ If you want to choose one aspect from the content, theme, characters and writing techniques, and use refined language to comment on literary masterpieces, you'd better consider the characters.

Fourteen, write a letter.

Formula: ① Pay attention to the format of the letter (at the beginning, write the title in the top box, write the positions of "Yours" and "Salute", the writer's signature, and write the date clearly); (2) write down the facts of the material in concise words; ③ Put wishes and hopes at the end of the letter.

Fifteen, send text messages.

Formula: ① Abbreviate the place name with the word "Shanghai"; (2) write the facts of the material on paper and grasp the main content of the sentence.

Sixteen, the joy of appreciation of poetry.

Formula: ① When choosing words, pay attention to words such as "vividness", "image" and "vividness". The format is: … well used, describing (or portraying) … very vivid, vivid and vivid. 2 appreciate the euphoria from rhetoric and look at the rhetoric in front. (3) from the ideological content of the whole sentence, from the artistic conception of the poem, I feel happy.

Explain the style of a writer (or literary work).

Formula: ① indicate the time when the author lives; (2) shows the characteristics of the author's works; ② Combining the poems and sentences in the author's specific works to illustrate the characteristics.

Eighteen, classical Chinese sentences pause.

Formula: 1 Sentences marked "so" and "is based" are underlined after these words. 2. Nouns used as adverbials are underlined before this word. 3. The category of "energy" is actually two words, underlined after "energy". 4. Underline the subject and predicate, and underline the predicate and object.

Nineteen, combined with the context, add some words with special meanings in the text.

Formula: 1 Explain the original meaning of this word first. 2 ... Describe (or depict) ... 3 ... Method ...

Twenty, care before and after.

Formula: 1 Find out the key words at the beginning, middle and end of the article. 2. ... and ... take care of each other and show ...

Twenty-one, cleverly set suspense.

Formula: 1 Find out the suspense (keywords) set by the author at the beginning of the article. 2 ... this makes the plot of the article twists and turns.

22. The role of writing situational paragraphs at the beginning of the article.

Formula: 1 Analyze the characteristics of the scenery written. 2.… Describe … and lay the foundation for writing … below.

Twenty-three, narrative clues.

Formula: 1, analysis clue type: 1, taking "event" as the clue; 2. take "things"; 3. use "people"; 4. Use "time"; 5. Take "feelings" as an example. Take ... as an example

24. Title change.

Formula: 1 Find out the changing words of people's address. 2. Use the first person, cordial and true. 3. The change of appellation also reflects the change of emotion.