Answers to Rescuers' Psychological Rescue Knowledge

Answers to Rescuers' Psychological Rescue Knowledge

Disaster affects the hearts of all Chinese sons and daughters. Don't forget to take care of yourself when helping others!

Answers to Rescuers' Psychological Rescue Knowledge

1, how to help survivors through psychological crisis

After the disaster, the victims sometimes complain, get angry and even blame the rescuers because of sadness and helplessness. This is a normal stress reaction, so there is no need to get excited or angry. In order to carry out your work better, please respect the suffering reality of the victims, accept their emotional feelings and give them appropriate psychological support.

2. What can we do besides talking?

In short, the four "nothings" are wordless companionship, unconditional listening, infinite care and unconditional acceptance.

After the crisis, everyone has fears. At this time, many people feel that they need to say something to comfort the parties. In fact, this is extremely wrong. Because at this time, most of what you say is to reduce your inner anxiety, but it's all nonsense for fear. What really works is your presence and company.

Let the aided people speak their thoughts, let the aided people speak their thoughts, and express their negative feelings and thoughts openly like taking out garbage, so as to guide them to develop on the positive side. This is a seemingly simple but actually difficult step in psychological assistance. After the crisis, the parties are often particularly eager to care and understand. Sometimes a cup of warm water is worth a thousand words. Feel the temperature of hot water in their hands and see your caring actions, which is what they need most.

The most wrong way to cry is to tell them not to be sad and not to cry. In fact, the correct way to deal with it is to give him a tissue, and he will feel accepted by you. Finally, someone can make him cry, and the stabbing pain in his heart will be alleviated. At this time, we should also tell him that crying, sadness and guilt are all natural emotional expressions of people in pain, not weakness, which is normal.

My parents were killed in the earthquake, leaving only two brothers, who are in a very sad period, but my younger brother is optimistic about the future and my older brother is pessimistic. What happened?

Everyone's external reaction to crisis pressure is different. Although a person is optimistic in front of outsiders, his inner trauma may be more serious. We should give him the same care and never ignore him.

Another situation may be that after the disaster, the degree of psychological trauma, personal knowledge and understanding of the disaster, personality characteristics, support from relatives and friends, adaptability and other factors may lead to the optimism of the younger brother and quickly get out of the psychological shadow.

4. Our relatives and friends always panic at the thought of disaster. How can we help them?

First of all, be around them for the first time and give them a sense of security. In addition to making them feel accompanied by others through physical contact, they can also give children some soft objects to hold, such as pillows and dolls.

When the panic is over, you must tell them that it was caused by something you just remembered. In fact, they are safe now. If some of them often have such panic situations, it is recommended to seek the help of professional psychologists.

After the disaster, he/she suffered from insomnia and nightmares. What should I do?

In this case, you can accompany him/her for a while, talk with him/her or play some relaxing music before he/she goes to bed. If he/she can't sleep, you can consider sleeping with him/her.

If he/she wakes up from a nightmare, stay with him/her and help him/her fall asleep again. After waking up in the morning, tell him/her that nightmares are normal and don't worry too much. If he/she continues to have nightmares, it is recommended to seek the help of professional psychological staff.

6. What's wrong with being hurt and bleeding but not feeling pain after a disaster?

Physical numbness is caused by psychological pressure, which shows that it has not been freed from the disaster at that time, but the wound must be bandaged in time to prevent infection.

7. After the disaster, he/she often asks me about the process of the disaster. Should I stop?

Many people think that after the disaster, we should try to avoid talking about the process of the disaster. In fact, this idea is not scientific. He/she should be allowed to tell the story of the disaster, and let him/her express his/her deep negative feelings and thoughts openly like taking out the garbage, which can be specific and detailed. We should listen to him/her carefully and patiently. After a long time, don't restrict his/her speech, so as to guide them to develop in a positive direction.

8. My relatives were disabled in this disaster. How should I face this fact?

First of all, we should introduce the fact that our relatives are disabled, give them the same care as before, and don't let him/her feel discriminated against and treat him/her as a normal person. Encourage him/her to get in touch with others, let him/her do what he/she can, praise him/her after completion, enhance his/her self-confidence and realize his/her value.

9. After a disaster, he/she often asks about things in the course of the disaster. Should I avoid his/her question?

Although talking about the disaster process can cause negative emotions such as fear, depression and sadness, don't try to avoid these things, but answer every question he/she asks honestly. Sometimes, he/she asks the same question more than once, so you should take the trouble to answer it seriously and don't perfunctory him/her.

Some people think that misfortune is caused by him/her, so we should patiently guide him/her to fully realize whether the disaster is caused by him/her and that natural disasters are inevitable, and help him/her get rid of deep remorse.

10. Although the disaster has passed, he/she asked whether there will be another earthquake. What should I do if there is another earthquake? What should I say?

In this case, you can't tell him/her that it won't happen again, but you can teach him/her some simple measures and methods to prevent earthquakes. If possible, we can carry out simulated drills for earthquake prevention and escape together. Let him/her know the dangers of earthquakes and other natural disasters. The quickest way to escape when disaster comes.

1 1. He/she will intentionally look for something related to the traumatic experience. Should I discourage him/her?

In the early days after the disaster, it is best not to let him/her touch anything related to the traumatic experience. If necessary, make him/her fully prepared. You can ask him/her what he/she thinks about this matter and allow him/her to fully express his/her words and vent his/her emotions.

Although facing things related to traumatic experiences can sometimes have therapeutic effects, we must use them with caution and pay attention to the psychological and behavioral changes that these things may have on individuals.

12. After the disaster, I want to move or travel with my family. Can this help us forget this painful experience?

Although the environment has changed, the psychological shadow still exists, so moving or traveling is not particularly helpful for psychological recovery. Staying where you are and actively participating in the work of rebuilding your home may be helpful to your psychological recovery.

13, if you want to seek psychological help, where can I find a psychological professional?

You can consult a professional psychological institution, or recommend professional psychological personnel through the local Red Cross, or go to the hospital to find a psychological hospital.

14. What should I do if I really can't solve his/her psychological problems?

Seek the help of professional psychological staff as soon as possible, and it is best to ask the parties to be present in person. It's not good. You should know what his/her problem is in detail, give a clear description to psychological professionals, help them define the problem accurately, and put forward a scientific and reasonable psychotherapy plan.

15, how to help yourself through the psychological crisis

Witnessing serious disasters, frightening landscapes, suffering from overload and unsmooth relief work, and even endangering personal life and property losses, all these heavy pressures will impact people's body and mind and cause many physiological and psychological reactions. These reactions are short-lived normal reactions. It takes time to heal slowly. The easiest way is to communicate with friends in time and let yourself gradually return to calm.

16 do educators need more psychological support?

All kinds of disasters have brought unprecedented pressure to school children. After the resumption of classes, the responsibility for children's psychological rehabilitation falls directly on the teacher's shoulders. However, most teachers are also victims of disasters, suffering from the loss of relatives and friends and property losses, and at the same time playing the dual roles of victims and disaster relief. Even though I didn't experience the disaster personally and lost my relatives and friends, I really felt the shock of the disaster through media reports or stories between relatives and friends. Therefore, after resuming school, how to face the psychological trauma that has not been calmed down is bound to become an urgent problem for every campus member. If the character can't calm his emotions now, it will have a considerable negative impact on students.

When the above reactions occur, please note that these are normal psychological reactions. What you can do for yourself is to reduce your psychological burden and pain and recover from the disaster as soon as possible.

17, I am a volunteer. Seeing the slow progress of disaster relief work, I always swear and can't control myself. What is wrong with me?

This is the performance of psychological collapse, proper rest and reasonable diet; Communicate emotionally with colleagues, alienate psychological pressure and change jobs as soon as possible; Try to keep your life normal after the disaster and pain have passed.

18, I am a reporter. What psychological preparations should I make even if I go to the front line of disaster relief?

First of all, encourage yourself and tell yourself that I can do it, I can do it. ...

Do your own work and rest plan, ensure diet, ensure proper rest, change your mentality and adjust your mood. For example, when you are alone, hum songs, keep in touch with friends and relatives, bring some items to increase your confidence, such as amulets given by your parents, and send more text messages to your friends. Be prepared for disasters and hardships.

19, how do PLA officers and men conduct psychological debugging?

During the "5. 12" earthquake relief, the officers and men of the rescue forces were tired and fought day and night in the face of death, corpses and ruins, which easily led to mental stress, emotional instability, anxiety and insomnia. Therefore, it is necessary to provide psychological assistance to these officers and men.

The army should establish a psychological recovery system to relieve the psychological pressure of officers and men in order to relax their mood. Professional psychological counseling with the method of collective psychological suggestion.

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