How hard is it for the Qing army to attack Jiangyin? The army besieged the city for 81 days, and 90 thousand loyal ministers piled up on the river.

The cruelest war and the most tragic resistance are not in film and television dramas at all, but in real history.

More than 300 years ago, in Jiangyin, not far from eight hundred heroes's warehouse guarding the Shanghai Fourth Line, there was a bloody battle guarding the city on a larger scale. Tens of thousands of ordinary people fought fiercely with the Manchu regular army for 8 1 day, and finally only 53 people survived in the whole city. This is the famous "Jiangyin 81 Day" in history.

"Jiangyin County Records of Chongzhen" said when referring to Jiangyin's resistance: "It is not only a city of courtesy, but also a country of loyalty, a pillar of the Yangtze River, allowing it to stand in the southeast."

Ji Lianhai, an expert in Qing history, said: "I think stories like" The Eighty-first Day of Jiangyin "have infiltrated my thoughts and concepts ... Under the circumstances at that time, these Jiangyin people were the backbone of the nation."

Remember 800, not to mention "Jiangyin 8 1 day".

There is always an uneasy period of calm before a storm warning.

/kloc-in the first half of 0/645, Prince Yu led Manchu and Mongolian troops south, preparing to pacify Jiangnan and unify the whole country.

Unexpectedly, four towns in Jiangbei, which Shi Kefa painstakingly managed, were on the verge of collapse. Millions of troops either surrender to the wind or flee in panic. The Qing army didn't encounter any decent armed resistance along the way, and all the towns they passed were "happily" out of the city to meet them.

Jiangyin, Wuxi, Wujin, Yixing and Jingjiang all belong to Changzhou.

At first, when the Qing army entered Changzhou, there was no resistance. When he entered Wuxi, there was also a Gong Sheng named Wang Yuru, who organized a group of people, carrying pork and flour, and driving thirty sheep to express condolences to the Qing army.

It seems that it is easy for the Qing army to pacify Jiangnan. It seems that people in Jiangnan have no will to resist. However, this was just the calm before the storm, which was quickly broken by Jiangyin.

On June 5th, Changzhou Municipal Government issued a notice to five counties under its jurisdiction, asking them to hand over their household registration books, local tax books and other important documents within ten days. The transfer of these documents politically means that the management of the city was officially handed over to the Qing government.

Until this time, the Qing army's reception of Changzhou House was very smooth. Wuxi, Wujin, Yixing and Jingjiang all submitted documents to Changzhou government within the specified time, and the situation was relatively stable, with the exception of Jiangyin.

It turned out that at the end of May, the main officials of Nanming who worked in Jiangyin, including county magistrate, general and Xian Cheng, didn't want to resist, but they didn't want to fall under the stigma of "traitors". They all left their jobs and fled, so Jiangyin was completely in anarchy at this time.

On June 24th, in order to stabilize the situation in Jiangyin, Dodo sent a man named Fang Heng as the new magistrate of Jiangyin.

Fang Heng, a native of Henan, was a scholar of the Ming Dynasty. Just as the Prince of Henan led a lot of troops and prepared to destroy Li Zicheng from Henan, he boldly pushed and ran to a lot of Qing army camps with huge sums of money, and volunteered to donate huge sums of money, expressing his willingness to submit to the Qing Dynasty. So Duoduo was particularly impressed with him.

Obviously, Fang Heng wants to be a die-hard person, but his luck is really bad. He never imagined that after half a month, Jiangyin became his burial place.

I heard that Jiangyin had come to Xinzhi County, and eight Jiangyin gentry begged to see Fang Heng at once. Fang Heng, a newcomer, went straight to the point and said, "Why is Jiangyin the only one?" Eight gentry replied, "We have surrendered and sent the documents to Changzhou House."

The Changzhou government obviously didn't receive the Jiangyin document. Why did these gentry say that they had sent it up? Are these gentlemen lying? No, it's because there is a fork in the middle.

In the leaderless period of Jiangyin, faced with the major issue of whether Jiangyin City surrendered or resisted, Jiangyin gentry, a political force that cannot be ignored, stood up without hesitation, and they elected Mo Shiying, the county magistrate, as the acting county magistrate.

After discussion, the gentry in Jiangyin decided to submit to the Qing army and entrusted the acting county magistrate Mo Shiying to submit the relevant documents required by the Changzhou government. However, the temporary magistrate of Changzhou was transferred at that time. For some reason, the new and old prefects did not do a good job of handover, and Zong Hao, the newly appointed Changzhou magistrate, did not receive the official document from Jiangyin.

The original is lost and can only be re-registered.

Hot-blooded Fang Heng, though speculative, is still too young. He spoke arrogantly and directly, and left a very bad impression on Jiangyin gentry at the first meeting, which is not a good sign.

Sure enough, it's time to test Fang Heng.

On June 25th, the day after Fang Heng became the magistrate of Jiangyin, something happened outside the north gate of Jiangyin that made him uneasy.

A navy unit of Nanming, defeated by the Qing army, fled outside Jiangyin, and soldiers began to sell weapons cheaply along the street in exchange for daily necessities. In troubled times, thieves are rampant, and people are scrambling to buy weapons to protect their homes. People buy weapons, in Fang Heng's view, the future trouble is endless, and they must be completely confiscated.

So on June 26th, Fang Heng ordered the collection of all weapons in the hands of the people, only to cause an uproar. In the end, the people only symbolically handed in a small amount of weapons, and a large number of weapons were hidden by the people at home.

Fang Heng was very dissatisfied with the result of collecting weapons, and the next day he was ready to send someone to search from house to house. At this time, a bigger crisis than collecting weapons came.

On June 27th, Zong Hao, the Changzhou magistrate, sent four Qing soldiers to Jiangyin to convey the order of Prince Yu Duo, "Jiangyin is limited to three days."

Hair loss means shaving, which means that the Han people are required to shave their hair to the whole face, the first half of the hair is completely shaved, and the second half is combed into braids. The reason why Han people are required to shave their heads is actually a manifestation of Manchu cultural inferiority. They regard whether the Han people shave their heads as a political sign of whether they really submit to Manchu.

However, this is absolutely unacceptable to the Han scholar-officials. In addition to "parents whose bodies are affected by skin and flesh should not be harmed", more importantly, in the minds of the literati at that time, there was always a racial discrimination concept of "distinguishing China people from foreigners". Barbarians, to put it bluntly, are no different from animals. Shaving their hair is equivalent to giving up civilization and being an animal.

However, the Qing court has made up its mind to "leave the hair without leaving the head, leave the head without leaving the hair."

On the fifth day of June, after receiving the news that Nanjing was occupied, Dourgen felt that the unification of the world was just around the corner, so he ordered that "all military, political, military and civilian people everywhere should have their hair shaved. If they don't obey, they should be dealt with by military law. "

As a grass-roots county magistrate, Fang Heng can only obey the orders of the imperial court.

On June 28th, Fang Heng announced that "all county officials and people will shave their heads within three days". As soon as the notice was posted, Jiangyin boiled and the crowd suddenly became excited. Soon the whole city began to connect in series, and everyone worked together to discuss countermeasures.

On the morning of June 29th, nine township elders came to the county government near the north gate of Jiangyin to strongly protest against the haircut order. When Fang Heng saw this, he flew into a rage and got up with nine village elders. These elders were so angry that they cursed Fang Heng: "You, a scholar of the Ming Dynasty, are not ashamed or ugly to be a magistrate of the Qing Dynasty?"

Jiangyin gentry's resistance to the haircut order greatly exceeded Fang Heng's expectation. He didn't expect Jiangyin people to openly oppose the government, but Fang Heng thought about it and decided to hold a ceremony in the Minglun Hall of Jiangyin Confucian Temple to enforce the haircut order.

Fang Heng wondered whether the haircut order could be carried out smoothly.

This day is the first day of leap June.

Fang Heng arrived in front of Jiangyin Confucian Temple early in the morning. There are 100 gentry and rural elders waiting there. They followed Fang Heng into Minglun Hall and burned incense in turn to worship Confucius. After the service, everyone asked Fang Heng: "Jiangyin is prosperous now, and I think it's nothing." Fang Heng said, "There is only one problem. Four soldiers were sent before and died for the guards. "

Everyone asked, "Can you not shave your head?" Fang Heng's face was livid, and he said, "It must be shaved. This is a decree of the imperial court and cannot be disobeyed. " Say that finish, under the escort of guards, Fang Heng returned to the county government.

After Fang Heng left, everyone in Minglun Hall sighed, and some older gentry and squires also dispersed, but the young scholars were reluctant to leave.

Just when everyone was silent, a scholar named Xu Yong suddenly held up a portrait of Zhu Yuanzhang, knelt on the ground and cried bitterly, and then made a generous statement, "You can break your head and never shave your head." The scholars present were all infected by the permission, full of blood and responded in succession.

Jiangyin thus withstood the raging fire of the haircut order and was suddenly allowed to light it. However, at the moment, no one knows where Jiangyin will be taken under the initiative of these scholars.

Soon, the permitted Confucius Temple initiative turned into armed confrontation.

A group of young people in the north gate of Jiangyin were very excited when they heard that scholars were protesting in the Confucian Temple. Then they went straight to the county government with gongs and weapons, trying to force the county magistrate to give up the haircut order Tens of thousands of people in the city responded.

Sitting in the lobby, Fang Heng saw these people trespassing on the court, holding weapons in their hands, yelling loudly, and ordering the weapons to be confiscated, but these teenagers sternly refused. As Fang Heng and the teenagers were deadlocked, a man came out of the yamen, and his appearance immediately intensified the contradiction.

This man is a guest of Fang Heng. He heard the noise in the hall of the county government, and swore at these aggressive teenagers without Fang Heng's consent. "You minions should all be beheaded."

As soon as this was said, the powder keg was ignited, and a group of people swarmed, swearing, punching and kicking, and finally the man was killed alive. After these teenagers killed people, they were not Japanese, so they tore down the wooden door of the county government hall and chopped it into firewood to burn the bodies. The chiefs were too scared to stand up.

Seeing that the situation was out of control, Fang Heng rushed out to catch the teenager who was about to burn the body, but as soon as he left the plush chair, he was surrounded by a group of teenagers and tore his clothes. He was caught by clothes and forced to promise Jiangyin not to shave his head. The crowd was so angry that Fang Heng was afraid, so he promised to report it immediately, asked for exemption from the haircut order, and finally let the crowd disperse.

These teenagers don't know yet, this is just Fang Heng's tactic of delaying tactics.

Fang Heng immediately wrote a secret letter to Changzhou magistrate, not asking for exemption from Jiangyin's haircut order, but asking the state government to immediately send troops to arrest these audacious people and order people to ride fast horses to Changzhou. However, Fang Heng kept a secret and his secret letter was leaked.

In the evening, a man from the county government ran to the north gate of Jiangyin, found the boys with fists and fists, and told them that the magistrate of a county had sent reinforcements to kill them. In anger, a group of people rushed into the county government, tied Fang Heng up and held him in a hotel. Finally, several gentry came forward to persuade Fang Heng to be released by these teenagers.

In the early morning of the second day of leap June, Fang Heng, who had been tossing all night, just returned to the county government and heard that Jiangyin had gone on strike. People in four townships organized a rally in the school yard to protest against haircuts. Because there are too many people, it is "blocking the road and nowhere to go". Fang Heng panicked and rushed to the venue to appease, but it was useless to appease.

In the evening, Fang Heng was dragged into the Minglun Hall of the Confucian Temple, followed by a large group of Jiangyin scholars. In Mingluntang, Xu Yong insisted on rebellion, and scholars also unanimously swore that Jiangyin rose up against the Qing court, and then elected Chen Mingyu, the county magistrate (equivalent to the public security bureau chief), as the commander-in-chief of guarding the city against the Qing Dynasty. Jiangyin began to distribute weapons and ammunition in urban and rural areas, and the gates of Jiangyin were under martial law, and the whole city was strictly investigated.

Fang Heng saw that there was nothing he could do, and began to disobey. On the surface, he echoed the uprising, but secretly wrote a secret letter to Changzhou House, informing Jiangyin that he had rebelled and asking for troops to encircle and encircle.

But this secret letter was found out before leaving the city. So, Chen Ming ordered people to go to the county government to arrest Fang Heng. At the same time, he also found Mo Shiying, the county magistrate's main book that had been cleared, and then threw them into prison together, killing four soldiers sent by Changzhou government.

Jiangyin upside down, how to defend the city?

If you want to defend the city, you must have soldiers and weapons. Do you have any of these in Jiangyin?

Jiangyin county has three hutongs and seventeen townships, and each township has its own eternal life. According to the estimate of 200 militiamen in each township, there are only 4,000 militiamen in Jiangyin County, and with more than 1000 professional soldiers, there are only 5,000 people in the city. It is absolutely not enough for these troops to defend Jiangyin. They need to recruit new people as soon as possible.

The weapons and equipment in Jiangyin City are not bad, with more than 200 cannons, 300 tons of gunpowder, more than 0/000 denier of projectiles and thousands of artifacts. But these are not enough for guarding the city, and it is necessary to step up manufacturing or purchasing.

Recruiting people needs money, and Jiangyin County doesn't have enough money at this time. Without money, the city can't stay. Just when Chen Mingyu was worried about money, Bi Cheng, a Huizhou merchant living in Jiangyin, generously donated 35,200 taels of silver to solve the urgent need.

With Bi Cheng's huge donation, Chen Mingyu ordered people to buy gunpowder and other weapons, ordered the officers and men outside the city to evacuate to the city, and moved the red cannon to the city wall. At the same time, he ordered people to the villages around the county, organized village soldiers to guard the city, and sent people to patrol the city day and night to identify spies.

The Qing soldiers did not prepare for the mayor of Jiangyin.

On the fifth day of June, Zong Hao, the Changzhou magistrate, sent 300 officers and men to attack Jiangyin, but as soon as these 300 officers and men arrived at the foot of Wangqin Mountain outside Jiangyin, they were wiped out by the village soldiers who had already ambushed halfway up the mountain.

This ambush was the first battle for Jiangyin to defend the city, and Jiangyin won a total victory, which greatly encouraged the morale of the whole city. However, the real battle has just begun.

Zong Hao received the news that the magistrate's soldiers were defeated, and the next day he sent 1000 infantry and more than 500 navy divisions to besiege Jiangyin from both land and water. These soldiers are actually the troops of the pre-Ming Dynasty. In Zong Hao's view, in a small Jiangyin, this 1500 people is enough to counter the rebellion, but he underestimated the determination and courage of Jiangyin people to resist.

I heard that Changzhou government sent troops again. The North Gate boys who bullied the county magistrate immediately set up an assault camp and went out of the city with weapons to ambush the horse infantry. Although the boys are brave and know some martial arts, they are all wiped out because they are outnumbered, and no one is spared. However, the ambushed loyalists did not dare to attack the city, but were stationed at Mapi Bridge outside the south gate of Jiangyin.

In contrast, the navy sent by Changzhou government is a bit like a joke.

Their ship sailed to Shuangqiao, and the farmers in the field shouted insults, and the navy soldiers were furious and wanted to kill them. These farmers are also very tough. A group of people pulled up young crops and threw them on the boat. The soldiers on the ship slipped and many people fell into the water. After landing, they were killed by agricultural hoes in these fields.

It can be seen that the resistance of Jiangyin people is everywhere, and the bravery of Jiangyin people is also amazing.

From the seventh day of the leap month in June, the government forces outside the city and Jiangyin township soldiers confronted each other for more than ten days. During this period, a large number of rural soldiers entered the city and went out to fight many times, but in the end they all failed because they were outnumbered. However, the officers and men did not win Jiangyin City. In order to prevent one thousand, but also to boost morale, on the ninth day of June, Chen Mingyu ordered the killing of Mo Shiying, Fang Heng and the county magistrate, and offered flags to defend the city.

Chen Mingyou also knew that without foreign aid, Jiangyin City would be breached sooner or later, so he asked Bi Cheng to go out of the city to look for reinforcements. When Bi Cheng left town, he donated all his money, totaling 142,000.

Jiangyin could not be captured for a long time, so Zong Hao, the Changzhou magistrate, could only ask more troops to surround Jiangyin.

On June 20th, Duo Duo ordered Nan Ming to surrender to Liu Liangzuo and led 4,000 troops to pacify Jiangyin. Liu Liangzuo's troops belong to the field forces of the Qing army, and they have strong fighting capacity. Soldiers in Jiangyin Town have fought against Liu Liangzuo's troops many times and failed.

Liu Liangzuo didn't take the initiative to attack the city, but split up and besieged the city, plundering and strangling the township soldiers outside Jiangyin, with the aim of eliminating all the rebels outside Jiangyin and completely turning Jiangyin into an isolated city.

On the fourth day of the siege, on June 24th, Liu Liangzuo sent someone to shoot a letter of surrender into the city. Liu Liangzuo is a carrot and a stick. First, the threat of force, and then the temptation of interests, Jiangyin City will surrender?

Chen Ming met a group of gentry and scholars who were unwilling to surrender. On the 25th, I wrote back a letter to Liu Liangzuo, which said, "Even if one million people are near the city, Jiangyin's self-defense ambition has been set, and there is no possibility of survival." It can be seen that Jiangyin soldiers are determined to defend the city.

Liu Liangzuo was flustered. It took him five days to wipe out the rural soldiers outside Jiangyin. On July 1 day, he began to concentrate on attacking the city. However, Jiangyin has a strong wall and powerful artillery command. Liu Liangzuo's small guns couldn't reach the wall at all, and the siege troops were quickly repelled.

On the fifth day of July, a great event happened in Jiangyin-a mole was found in the city.

Gu Zeng, the general guarding the city, was a garrison commander for the scout camp and collaborated with the enemy. Every time he went to the city to defend the enemy, his bow and arrow deliberately missed the enemy soldiers. One of his cronies also stole gunpowder from the city in an attempt to mutiny at night, and was caught by the township soldiers patrolling the city. Besides, I found a recruitment document in his room.

Chen Mingyu was surprised and killed 40 people, including Gu, and completely wiped out the internal forces in the city. However, trouble followed. These people are all military generals guarding the city. After killing these people, there are not many officers guarding the city. Chen Mingyu knew that he could not lead the soldiers of Jiangyin Town to defend the city alone, so he thought of a person, and this person was his predecessor, Yan Yingyuan, a former history of Jiangyin.

Then why did Chen Mingyu invite Yan Yingyuan?

Yan Yingyuan is really a brave and fearless person. "A Classic History of Jiangyin" Not long after he took office, a pirate named Gu San Pockmarked led hundreds of pirate ships and tried to sneak up on Jiangyin County at high tide. Yan Yingyuan, fearless in a crisis, led the villagers to the river to guard against the enemy. He fired three arrows in a row and hit three of them. As soon as Pockmarked Gu saw it, he turned around and ran away, never daring to invade Jiangyin again.

After the death of Chongzhen, news spread to Jiangyin, and there was a riot in Jiangyin. Yan Yingyuan single-handedly quelled the riots. So although Yan Yingyuan is a classical history, its prestige in Jiangyin far exceeds that of the magistrate of a county. At this time, he has been sent to Yingde County, Guangdong Province as the principal book, but because his mother is seriously ill, he works at home.

After receiving the invitation, Yan Yingyuan entered Jiangyin City with 48 servants on July 9 to replace Chen Mingyu and become the new head coach of Jiangyin guarding city.

From this moment on, Jiangyin's guarding city war situation will undergo profound changes and evolve in a white-hot and cruel direction.

Yan Yingyuan took the Shuaiyin and immediately adjusted the guarding city affairs. Sending arms, knowing rewards and punishments, recruiting new soldiers and knowing responsibilities have greatly improved the organization and combat effectiveness of soldiers guarding urban and rural areas. So he ordered the king of Wu to guard the east gate, and the general Wang to guard the south gate and the west gate. He guarded the north gate himself, let people block the gate with wood, hold the city and wait for reinforcements, and never go out to fight in the city again.

In the next few days, the Qing army attacked the city every day, and the fighting was extremely fierce. One of the most intense events occurred in the early morning of July 13.

Liu Liangzuo's 3000 soldiers, led by a dozen soldiers, captured the north gate of Yan Yingyuan handle. They crossed the pontoon bridge and tried to climb the wall through the ladder. The soldiers on the wall resisted with bricks, bows and arrows, and ware. The Qing soldiers suffered heavy casualties, but no one boarded the wall.

Seeing that the North Gate could not be attacked for a long time, a member of Liu Liangzuo, wearing three layers of armor, climbed the ladder and slashed with a knife. Village soldiers in the city stabbed him with spears, but he couldn't get in. Just then, a teenager stabbed the leading soldier in the throat with a gun and died immediately.

Don't think that Yan Yingyuan will only passively defend the city, but he will also take the initiative to outsmart him. During the period of guarding the city, he used fake surrender many times, which hit the Qing army hard.

After many days of siege, Liu Liangzuo has lost many generals and one-fifth of its troops, but Jiangyin City still stands still. However, the news of attacking Jiangyin City kept coming, and several reinforcements rushing to Jiangyin were defeated by the Qing army. Duo Duo ordered Belle Boluo to rush to Jiangyin with a great army to replace Liu Liangzuo as the new commander-in-chief of the Qing army, and at the same time transferred more than 100 Red Yi cannons from Suzhou and other places.

After Boluo came, he did not attack the city directly, but let two Ming soldiers surrender. One is Huang Fei, the company commander of Nanming Water Army, and the other is Wu Zhikui, the company commander of Nanming Jiangnan. He went to Jiangyin to persuade Yan Yingyuan to surrender. Yan Yingyuan cursed the two men and resolutely refused to surrender.

Boluo saw that the surrender was invalid and began to attack the city by force.

On July 23, Boluo shelled Jiangyin City without results. The next day, Boluo concentrated artillery fire on the south gate of Jiangyin. The guns were deafening and the missiles rained down. Soon, five city walls collapsed, and the soldiers guarding the city and countryside suffered heavy casualties. There was a village soldier whose head was cut off by a shell and his body was still standing on the wall. There is also a village soldier whose body was pierced by a shell and his blood was flying.

Seeing that the wall was in danger, Yan Yingyuan requisitioned the coffins of the whole city, filled them with fine soil, and then carried them to the gap of the wall, and then asked the blacksmith to tie the big wooden door with chains and block it in the landslide, and soon the wall was blocked again. But the shelling was so fierce that many houses in the city were blown up, killing and injuring many people.

A crisis more terrible than gunfire is coming. The food in the city is running out, and so are the shells. Jiangyin doesn't know how long it will last.

Boluo, as a Manchu general, was brave and fearless. He fought from Guanzhong to the Central Plains and from north to south, and never encountered such a hard bone as Jiangyin.

Jiangyin could not be captured for a long time, and it also alarmed Regent Dourgen in Beijing. He personally ordered to woo. On August 12, Dodo also wrote to surrender, saying, "Ming is dead, so why bother defending it?" ? Look back, time is running out! "

At this point, Jiangyin City is close to running out of ammunition and food. The surrender of the Qing army is also the last chance to save most of the soldiers and civilians in Jiangyin City. At this time, if you surrender, Jiangyin may be able to keep it, but neither Yan Yingyuan nor the gentry in Jiangyin are willing to surrender. "I would rather be shot than die."

There was no war on August 14, and the next day was Mid-Autumn Festival. The bright moon is in the sky at night, which is a good time to enjoy the moon. Yan Yingyuan and Chen Mingyu give money to city residents to enjoy the moon. Many soldiers guarding the city buy wine and drink on the moon after they get the money, and some people sing Jiangnan silk and bamboo tunes.

At this time, Jiangyin people don't know that this will be the last Mid-Autumn Festival in their lives.

On August 19, Toto transferred 24 guns with larger caliber from Nanjing and Zhenjiang, all of which were solid iron bullets of 13 kg. At the same time, send troops to Jiangyin for support. At this time, the war situation has been completely reversed, and the Qing army has an advantage in firepower and quantity. It is only a matter of time before Jiangyin City is broken.

On the evening of August 20th, Boluo ordered the artillery to concentrate 200 small-caliber Hongyi guns and 24 large-caliber "Shenwei General" guns at Huajiaba.

On the morning of August 2 1, it rained heavily. Boluo ordered the siege, and all artillery concentrated on the corner of the northeast city. When the shells of "Shenwei General" hit the city, they can blow up a house and kill many rural soldiers and residents. Under the bombardment of heavy artillery, a corner of the northeast city is in danger.

Under the cover of heavy rain and smoke, the Qing infantry have swarmed across the moat, and the soldiers guarding the urban and rural areas are outnumbered and defeated. A large number of Eight Banners soldiers poured into the city, and then other gates in Jiangyin fell and Jiangyin City was broken.

Jiangyin, after breaking the city, fell into a bitter street fighting and paid a very heavy price.

After the city was broken, Yan Yingyuan led the rural soldiers and the Qing soldiers to fight in the street. He rushed into the enemy line, met with the Qing soldiers and fought to the lake. Cut down several Qing soldiers and got three arrows in the back. Knowing that he was seriously injured, Yan Yingyuan couldn't fight hard any more, so he said to his servants, "I have exhausted my mental and physical strength. Please come out and take care of my two sons after serving your country. " Then he pulled out a short knife and stabbed him in the chest, then jumped into the lake to drown him.

But Yan Yingyuan was not drowned, but was rescued. At this moment, Liu Liangzuo's soldiers just arrived and brought Yan Yingyuan back. Late at night on August 2 1, Boluo failed to interrogate Yan Yingyuan, so he was detained in qixia temple and beheaded that night. He died at the age of 39.

When the city was broken, Chen Mingyu rode all the way to his door, then ordered people to close the door and set fire to the house. Chen Mingyu's wife, children and 42 people were all burned to death. After burning his family, Chen Mingyu rode forward again, met a group of Qing soldiers, dismounted immediately, and started hand-to-hand combat. He was stabbed several times, bleeding profusely, leaning against the wall, holding the knife and making a heroic sacrifice.

Scholars who started the uprising first were allowed to use it. After breaking the city, he ran home at once. The whole family was doused with tung oil and set themselves on fire. With a scream, the whole family was burnt to coke. Xu Yong died at the age of 33. Other gentry who participated in the initiative were also martyred by their families.

Whether the war is won or lost, it is the people who suffer. After Jiangyin City was destroyed, the Qing army ordered a three-day massacre. The Qing army searched door to door and killed everyone, regardless of sex, age and age. The whole city was in flames, and robbery, adultery and killing continued.

The township soldiers guarding the city fought for their last breath and shed their last drop of blood, and finally they all died under the butcher's knife of the Qing army. The city residents, unarmed, jumped into the river, set themselves on fire, committed suicide, hanged themselves or threw themselves into wells under the pursuit of the Qing army. All the rivers, lakes and wells in Jiangyin City are covered with several layers of corpses.

Women and children are the worst victims.

During the massacre, a dozen Qing soldiers robbed three young women who fled for their lives, tied them to Kannonji, and wantonly ravaged them in front of the Bodhisattva. When a monk saw that the Qing army was worse than animals, he wanted to burn down the main hall. Unfortunately, the Qing army found that hundreds of people in the whole temple were all killed, and three ravaged women were also killed.

In Jiangyin Middle Street, seven or eight soldiers broke into a family, with a mother, a son and a daughter. The Qing soldiers gang raped the mother and daughter, then killed the boy, cut off the mother's leg and took the daughter away.

Evil deeds of animals like this can be found everywhere in Jiangyin. It was not until the afternoon of August 23 that the Qing soldiers were ordered to seal the knife when they saw that the soldiers and civilians in the city had been killed.

The reason why the Qing army ordered the slaughter for three days was really because of Jiangyin's resistance, which caused great losses to the Qing army.

Under the butcher's knife of the Qing army, Jiangyin became a dead city and a ghost town.

In the end, there were tens of thousands of people in Jiangyin, and only a few people fled the city. Only 12 monks and 4 1 children survived in this city. These 53 people survived because they hid. Later, he was appointed as the magistrate of Jiangyin, and spent two months burning the bodies day and night in Jiangyin.

Jiangyin people paid such a heavy price for a hair. Is it worth it? In order to achieve loyalty, knowing defeat, Yan Yingyuan, Chen Mingyu and Xu Yong still persisted in resisting and would rather die than surrender. Is this wise?

This may be the power of faith. It is not faith that makes martyrs, but martyrs that make faith. Jiangyin people are heroes. American philosopher Will Rogowsill said: We can't all be heroes. Someone has to sit on the side of the road and cheer for the heroes when they pass by.

We applaud the heroes in Jiangyin, but we should also see the cruelty of war.