What are the information collection methods?

Question 1: What are the common ways to collect information? 1. Data collection and accumulation methods. Including: (1) reading method. Read relevant documents, newspapers, magazines, books, materials, etc. And get the necessary information from it. (2) mode of purchase. Purchase relevant information from educational science centers, consulting service units, educational research institutions and related institutions. (3) Listening method. Get relevant information from radio, telephone, etc. (4) Inquiry method. Ask relevant information sources for relevant information. (5) Watching method B obtains relevant information from TV, video and movies. (6) Forecast method. Use forecasting methods and techniques to analyze and predict relevant information. (7) collection method. Specially send special personnel to relevant regions and departments to collect relevant information. 2。 Investigation and research method. For the collection of some information without fixed sources, it is necessary to adopt the method of investigation and research. (1) survey method. The survey methods include interview survey, written survey, indwelling questionnaire survey and telephone survey. In school punishment, the most commonly used method is interview investigation. It refers to listening to the opinions, demands, reactions, criticisms and suggestions of the respondents face to face. In breadth, there are individual interviews, group visits and symposiums, and different types and modes should be selected for symposiums and individual interviews to make them representative. In depth, there was an interview, many interviews and repeated in-depth talks. In terms of strategy, first, do a well-prepared investigation, ask the other party to pile up their full opinions in advance, and second, consciously prevent the other party from preconceptions and talk casually to get more intuitive opinions and demands from the other party; In terms of methods, there are out-of-town visits. ......

Question 2: What are the references of common information collection methods: baike.baidu/...nDj_#7.

Identification method

Survey methods are generally divided into two categories: general survey and sampling survey. Census is to investigate the relevant index values of each individual in a limited population. Sampling survey is based on certain scientific principles and methods, extracting some individuals from the population of the investigated things as samples, and inferring the population with the survey data obtained. Sampling survey is a common survey method and the main content of statistical research.

The key of sampling survey is the sampling method and the determination of sample size. Sample sampling method, also known as sampling organization method, determines the selection method of samples and directly affects the quality of information collection. Sampling methods are generally divided into non-random sampling, random sampling and comprehensive sampling.

For personal investigation, if people are involved, there are two main investigation methods: interview investigation and questionnaire investigation.

Interview survey method, also known as interview method, is a method to obtain relevant information by visiting the object of information collection and talking directly with it. It is divided into discussion interview, meeting interview, telephone interview and letter interview. The interview needs to be fully prepared, carefully select the respondents, understand the respondents, and collect relevant business information and relevant background information. Its main advantages are that it can discuss problems in depth and obtain high-quality information; The disadvantage is that the cost is high and it is impossible to interview many people, so the interviewees should be representative. It requires the interviewer's language communication quality to be higher.

Intelligence gathering

Questionnaire survey is an information collection method, including statistical survey and quantitative analysis. This method mainly considers the following issues: the scope and quantity of information collected, the representativeness and quantity of selected respondents, the careful design of questionnaires, and the control of questionnaire recovery rate. It has the characteristics of wide investigation and low cost, but the respondents can't control it, the questionnaire recovery rate is generally not high, and the quality of the answers is also poor, which has a decisive influence on the respondents' attitude.

Observation method

Observation method is through meetings, on-site visits, participation in production and operation, on-site sampling, on-site observation and accurate records (including surveying and mapping, audio recording, video recording, taking photos, taking notes, etc.). ) survey. It mainly includes two aspects: one is the observation of human behavior, and the other is the observation of objective things. Observation method is widely used, and it is often used in combination with inquiring and collecting objects to improve the reliability of collecting information.

experimental method

Experimental methods can obtain information or conclusions that are difficult to obtain by other means through the experimental process. By actively controlling the experimental conditions, including the appropriate restrictions on the types of subjects, the appropriate restrictions on the conditions of information generation and the reasonable design of the information generation process, the experimenter can obtain some important and effective information that can objectively reflect the motion characteristics of things that can not be obtained through investigation or observation in real situations, and can also directly observe and study the relationship between certain parameters to a certain extent, which is conducive to the study of the nature of things.

There are also many forms of experimental methods, such as laboratory experiments, field experiments, computer simulation experiments, and man-machine combination experiments under computer network environment. Emerging management experiments in modern management science and emerging economic experiments in experimental economics in modern economics are essentially experiments to obtain information related to management or economy.

document retrieval

Document retrieval is the process of retrieving the required information from a large number of documents. Literature retrieval is divided into manual retrieval and computer retrieval.

Manual retrieval is mainly to find relevant literature information through literature catalogue, index, abstract, reference guide and literature review collected and established by information service department. Computer literature retrieval is the computer realization of literature retrieval, which has the characteristics of fast retrieval speed and large amount of information, and is the main method of collecting literature information at present.

The process of document retrieval generally includes three stages: ① analyzing research topics and formulating retrieval strategies; (2) using retrieval tools to find literature clues; (3) According to the source of the document, it is the original document.

According to the depth of processing, literature can be divided into four levels: zero-level literature, primary literature and secondary literature. & gt

Question 3: How to collect information 1. Social investigation Social investigation is an important means to obtain true and reliable information. Social investigation refers to the activities of directly understanding the situation from the society and collecting information and data through observation and inquiry. The information collected by social investigation is first-hand information, so it is close to society and life, and it is easy to be true and reliable. 2. The establishment of information network management activities requires accurate, comprehensive and timely information. In order to meet this requirement, it is not enough to collect information only through a single channel. Especially in administrative management and decision-making. Therefore, it is necessary to collect information in various ways, that is, to establish an intelligence network to collect information. Strictly speaking, intelligence network refers to the whole working system responsible for information collection, screening, processing, transmission and feedback, not just the collection itself. 3. The development of strategic intelligence Strategic intelligence is more strategic information than general administrative information, which is specially developed for and used only by senior decision makers. 4. Obtaining information from literature is the precious wealth left by predecessors and the ontology of knowledge. Finding valuable information in a large number of highly dispersed documents is the research content of information retrieval.

Question 4: What are the collection methods of workplace information? If you want to stay at the forefront of the workplace forever and understand all kinds of situations in major markets, you must master all kinds of workplace information at the first time. Only by mastering fresh workplace information can we make correct choices and judgments in the rapidly changing workplace and be invincible in the workplace.

The following is a summary of workplace information collection methods:

1, you can get information through major browsers. Such as Tencent, Google, sogou and so on. For example, you can find like-minded friends on Tencent QQ, or form a QQ group where you can communicate with each other and discuss some cases or negotiations in the workplace. For example, find some information related to your career on Sina Weibo, master the first-hand resources, and always pay attention to the changes of the company or competitors. In short, today's rapidly developing network era has brought great convenience to everyone to understand workplace information, and it is the most convenient and fast channel for everyone to understand information.

2, take part in some group entertainment activities, make more friends, and make your life colorful. At some parties, we can meet many people, expand our circle of friends, get more information, and learn more about people and things that we can't contact at ordinary times, so that our work can be carried out more smoothly. One more friend will give us more opportunities and possibilities. Through gathering, we can better position ourselves, learn from others' excellent experience and learn more about the workplace.

Take on more responsibilities within your ability. Opportunities are reserved for those who are actively prepared. In the workplace, only by taking on more responsibilities can we get closer to a lot of information in the workplace and get more opportunities. Therefore, employees should never complain about how difficult their work is. You know, it's time to prove their ability.

Finally, there are many ways to know and master workplace information, but we must take formal channels and adopt correct and legal methods to avoid ruining our bright future because of immediate interests.

Question 5: What are the ways to collect information? Your question is a little vague. General market research is divided into primary data collection and secondary data analysis. The so-called first-hand data collection is the traditional "desk research". That is, collecting information from books and existing materials for analysis. The analysis of second-hand data refers to the data collected through real investigation. Generally, there are the following methods of market survey: 1, questionnaire survey; 2. Interview, discussion and investigation; 3. Brainstorm; 4. telephone survey; 5. Network survey; 6. Mail and letter investigation; 7, expert interviews (Delphi method) and other ways.

Question 6: What are the ways to collect information? 1, manual mode

Input data on the computer terminal by hand, mainly through the keyboard. Mainly used for the input of attribute data.

Spatial data acquisition

2. Manually track the input of digitizer

1) Manual tracking digitizer

Hand-held tracking digitizer can be divided into three types: mechanical, ultrasonic and full electronic. According to the size of its digital layout, it can be divided into A0, A 1, A2, A3, A4 and so on.

Digitizer is composed of electromagnetic induction board, cursor and corresponding electronic circuit. Based on the principle of electromagnetic induction, there are many parallel printed lines in the X and Y directions of the electromagnetic induction board, one at every 200 μ m, and a coil is installed in the cursor. When the user moves the cursor to the designated position on the electromagnetic induction board, aligns the intersection point of the crosshair with the digital point, and presses the corresponding button, alternating current will be generated in the coil, and electromagnetic field will also be generated in the center of the crosshair. When the cursor moves on the electromagnetic induction board, it will generate induced current on the printed line under the board. Several switches and other circuits around the printed board can detect the position of the maximum signal, that is, the position of the center of the crosshair, so as to get the coordinate value of this point.

data acquisition

2) Digitization process

Fix the map to be digitized on the tablet. First, use the mouse to input the range of the map and the coordinates of at least four control points, and then you can input the coordinates of points and curves in the map.

The amount of data collected by digitizer is small, and the software for data processing is relatively complete. However, due to the slow speed of digitization, heavy workload and low degree of automation, the accuracy of digitization has a great relationship with the operation of operators. So at present, many units have stopped using it in large-scale digitization.

3. Scan input

1) scanner introduction

Scanner is a device that directly scans graphics and images into a computer and stores and represents them with pixel information.

2) scanning process

data acquisition

When scanning, you must first set the scanning parameters, including:

A. Settings of scanning mode (binary, grayscale and millions of colors). Topographic map scanning generally adopts binary scanning or gray scanning. Color aerial photos or satellite photos are scanned in millions of colors, and black-and-white aerial photos or satellite photos are scanned in grayscale.

B, scan resolution setting, according to the scanning requirements, the topographic map is generally 300dpi or higher in scan resolution.

C, according to some special needs, you can also adjust brightness, contrast, hue, gamma curve, etc.

D. set the scanning range.

data acquisition

After the scanning parameters are set, the raster data of a certain area can be obtained by scanning.

The scanned raster data is relatively large. In general, some subsequent processing, such as image correction and vectorization, is needed for the obtained raster data. Tracking input has become the main method of graphic data input.

4. Image processing and information extraction methods

Extracting thematic information directly from remote sensing images.

5. Data communication mode

Under the network mode, the main way to realize information exchange and information sharing among subsystems within an information system and with other information systems.

Question 7: What are the ways to obtain information through radio, media and Internet?

Question 8: What are the ways and means of information collection? Internet, newspapers and television are basically media. Now is the information society, everyone will use this way. Of course, there are also some ways to pay, such as buying some information, such as stock insider and business report.