How is steel tempered? Who has read this book? There's something in it. Who knows?

Ni ostrovsky

/kloc-Pavel Colta, 0/2 years old, was expelled from school because he sprinkled a cigarette butt on the priest's Easter cake dough while waiting for the make-up exam at Father Vasily's home. He followed his mother to the station canteen to find a job, and was sent to the bathroom by the boss to burn the tea stove, wipe the knife and fork and pour dirty water. In this way, Paul's working life began.

Paul worked in the station canteen for two years, suffered a lot and saw the bottom of life. In May, my brother Arqing found a job for Paul in the power plant, and he left that place.

One day, an earth-shattering news reached the town: "The tsar was overthrown!" " Therefore, residents have heard the new terms of "equality, freedom and fraternity". However, the days full of excitement and commotion passed quickly, and everything was the same as before except the Menshevik flag flying in the city hall. In June 165438+ 10, more and more soldiers came back from the front trenches, and they all had a magnificent and powerful title: "Bolshevik". Although people in the town don't know where their titles came from, they know that life must have changed again.

19 18 During the spring and summer, the Ukrainian town of Shebetovka really experienced many changes. The red army guerrillas came, the rich ran away, and the masses got the guns issued by the red army. Soon the Red Army retreated, the Germans went to town and the rich came back. Paul worked as a fireman's assistant in a power plant, and he became good friends with Zhu, who came to the factory as an assembler. Zhu is a sailor, a Bolshevik who stayed behind to work underground when the Red Army retreated. He taught Paul how to fight and told him that he knew why and who to fight with.

One day, when Paul was fishing by the lake, he met tonia, the daughter of a forestry official. At first, he didn't want to chat with the girl. However, Tonya is lively and lovely, without mocking and insulting Paul at all. After going back and forth several times, he felt that she was different from other rich girls. They are close and looking forward to meeting. An involuntary love crept into Paul's heart and made him uneasy.

The fierce and cruel class struggle gradually spread to the whole Ukraine. Patriula's gangs are all over the province, and the Red Army guerrillas are constantly fighting these rabble. The red flags of guerrillas sometimes fly in the town, and the yellow and blue flags of Petrella's troops sometimes fly.

On a dark and sultry night, Zhu came to Paul's house to escape the raid of Petrella bandits. Paul lived with him for eight days. Julie used this forced rest time to express his anger and hatred for Petrella's army to Paul. Paul listened eagerly to his every word and let Paul know the truth of life. Bolshevik is a revolutionary party that tirelessly opposes the oppressors and the rich. Although they only lived together for a few days, these days had a decisive influence on young fireman Paul.

Zhu always goes out at dusk every day and comes back late at night. However, one night he went and didn't come back. In the morning, Paul dressed in a hurry and went out to inquire about Zhu's whereabouts. When he came to the fork in the road, he suddenly saw Zhu coming from the corner with a small potato. "It turned out that he didn't go home because of this!" Paul's heart is pounding. He must help He Zhu escape! Zhu told him yesterday that he needed a group of brave brothers! When the escort walked beside Paul, Paul jumped on him unexpectedly, grabbed his gun and pressed it hard on the ground, dragging him and himself down the road. Zhu He jumped next to them in two steps, swung his iron fist at the escort's face and knocked him into the ditch.

In the evening, Zhu He came and left the town. Paul was told the secret and was taken to the city defense headquarters and locked up. That night, Paul was tortured. His fists and toes kept coming at him. He was hurt all over, but he said nothing. Even he doesn't know why he didn't say a word. He secretly reminded himself to be brave and stubborn, just like those people he saw in the book.

"Big Boss" Petriula will personally come to the town to inspect the troops, and the town is busy preparing. Colonel Zenek was afraid that the big boss would see so many useless prisoners in the prison, so he asked Paul at random and let him go. Paul couldn't believe his luck. He grabbed his coat and rushed to the door and ran into the street at one breath.

Paul can't go home, nor can he go to his friend's house. He dragged his tired legs and unconsciously ran to the forest official's garden. The barking of dogs alarmed tonia. She let out a cry of excitement and walked quickly to Paul. Tonia begged his mother to let Paul stay and arranged for him to take a bath, eat and sleep. Paul is tired and hungry, so he needs to have a rest. He didn't want to drag this beloved girl into trouble and had to leave, but he felt that he didn't want to leave here at all. In the evening, Tonya went to the railway factory to find Alqing, and they decided that Paul would go to Khartoum the next day. Paul spent the night at tonia's house, and neither of the young people could bear to sleep. They will be separated in a few hours and may never see each other again. Everyone feels that they have a thousand words to say to each other, but they don't know where to start.

In the morning, Paul boarded the locomotive for Khartoum. After driving, he saw two familiar figures standing at the fork in the road: A Qing, who is tall, and tonia, who is slim and petite.

Soon, the Red Army captured the town of Shebetovka, the Soviet regime was established, and the local committee of the Ukrainian Youth League was also established. Paul joined the Red Army and became a soldier in the Dovski Cavalry Division. He took thousands of soldiers like him all over Ukraine, dressed in rags and with burning enthusiasm for struggle. Injured thigh in battle, suffering from typhoid fever, growing rapidly in disaster and pain. A year later, he was already an excellent cavalry scout. During this period, he read The Gadfly, and was deeply moved by the gadfly's strength and death.

1June, 920, the first army of budyonny cavalry broke through the Polish white army defense line and prepared to attack the enemy around Kiev. Paul and his comrades who joined the army rushed to zhitomir, where the enemy headquarters was located. He fell on his horse and galloped forward. His saber drew a flashing arc in the air and hit the machine gun position where the intersection gave a savage laugh.

Buyoni's cavalry marched in an avalanche, and zhitomir and Ber Decev were conquered one after another ... Every day in the fierce battle, Paul had completely forgotten himself. /kloc-in August of 0/9, in the fierce battle, the enemy's shrapnel exploded in the air, and a green light flashed before Paul's eyes, and a red-hot iron got into his head, and night fell immediately. ...

After a coma 13 days, Paul regained consciousness. It's just that his head is still too heavy to move in the plaster box. 10, Paul was discharged from the hospital. However, his right eye is blind forever. "If my left eye is blind, how can I shoot now?" He's still thinking about the front. Paul stayed at Bronowski's house after he was discharged from the hospital, and Tonya was there. He invited tonia to attend the plenary session of the Youth League in the city, but she looked at Paul's comrades with contempt and provocation. Tonya doesn't want to look like a person in a dirty uniform, which makes Paul unbearable. Their friendship gradually began to break up and finally broke up in discord. At this time, Zhu was the chairman of the provincial "Cheka", and Paul went to visit him and took part in the work of eliminating revolutionaries.

The intense work of Cheka has seriously affected Paul's health, and his head often hurts like a needle. As a result, he lost consciousness after searching for Sudal gangsters for two days. In this way, the * * * Communist Youth League Committee transferred Paul to the railway general factory as the secretary of the * * * Youth League Committee and started a new job. Paul got to know Rita, a member of the Communist Youth League Committee, studied the history of the Party with her and gradually fell in love with her. However, he was confused and distressed: Is it time to fall in love? Paul cut off his string with the attitude of a gadfly and threw himself into his work.

In autumn, a team composed of "Cheka" personnel, Red Army students and party member stopped a counter-revolutionary riot in time and arrested Father Vasily and a group of conspirators. However, new enemies threaten the new regime, the railway is blocked, and then there is the danger of starvation and freezing. In order to save the city and the railway, it is necessary to build a narrow-gauge railway from Yalka Station to the logging yard. A road construction team went to complete this extremely difficult task, and Paul was the first person to arrive at the construction site.

The autumn rain is falling, and the roadbed continues to extend. People build roads in the rain during the day and sleep on the concrete floor in muddy clothes at night. In addition to tenaciously enduring the torture of hunger and cold, the planning team has to deal with the attack of Auric gang. Some people deserted and some people quit the group. However, those who stayed started a competition. Paul led his companions to challenge other teams. He always goes to bed the latest and gets up the earliest. In the month of 65438+February, road construction is getting slower and slower, and typhoid fever takes away dozens of useful hands every day. Paul, who was disabled all over, suffered from arthritis again. Finally, the fatal typhoid finally made him lie down.

Paul didn't die of typhoid fever, but struggled back from the brink of death. In the prime of spring, pale and emaciated Paul came to the cemetery. His comrades died heroically in this place. They gave their lives so that those who were born in poverty and began to be slaves at birth could have a better life. Paul slowly took off his hat and solemnly swore with indignation:

Life is the most precious thing for people. People can only have one life. A person's life should be spent like this: when recalling the past, he will not regret because he wasted his time, nor will he be ashamed because of the mediocrity of the past; On his deathbed, he can say that my life and all my energy have been devoted to the most magnificent cause in the world-the struggle for the liberation of mankind.

A few days later, Paul said goodbye to his mother and returned to the railway general factory. Everyone was surprised. Everyone thought he was dead. Facing enthusiastic friends and comrades-in-arms, Paul was excited, with a happy smile on his face and sparkling eyes.

The days passed quickly. Paul always feels that time is too short to allocate. He works as an assistant electrical assembler in the factory. Responsible for political study and go to the library to study every night. Soon, he became the Bolshevik alternate party member. However, acute rheumatism forced him to leave the factory sadly, and it was not until a month later that he lost his crutch. Paul was transferred to the town of Berezdorf as the communist youth league secretary and political commissar of the second militia brigade, and his life turned a new page. He and his comrades are nervously carrying out Soviet construction work: elections, anti-bandits, cultural construction, anti-smuggling and party-mass work in the army. That they are often busy from dawn until late at night. A year later, Paul was officially transferred to party member, and was transferred to the state youth league secretary.

Paul reunited with Rita at the sixth congress of the All-Russian Youth League. He recalled to Lida his absurd behavior of handling feelings with the attitude of the gadfly three years ago. But Rita told him that she was married and had children. Paul is sad, but he stands firm. After the meeting, Rita told Paul in her leaving letter that she hoped he wouldn't be so hard on himself, because "in our life, there are not only struggles, but also happiness brought by true love".

Two years have passed, and Paul has been living in a hurry during this period. His health is gradually weakening, which brings him a lot of physical pain whether in autumn or winter. Finally, the state health director sent the diagnosis result of serious damage to his central nervous system to the party Committee. Paul was forced to go to a nursing home. But he didn't stay long and left there early. In late autumn, Paul was hospitalized again because of a car accident. After two operations, his right leg has been disabled and there is no cure for spinal cord injury. The danger of complete paralysis threatened him.

Unfortunate encounters and heavy blows followed. Paul's hands and feet are numb, and sometimes he can't even get up suddenly. The situation is getting worse every day. The Central Committee stopped his work. While receiving his pension, he also received a disability certificate.

Paul went to the Black Sea port. He was holding his head in the park by the shore, thinking. His life, scene after scene, flashed before his eyes. How has his life been these 24 years? He didn't leave the team until his physical strength was completely lost. Now, he is seriously injured and there is no hope of returning to the team. What should he do with himself? Since we have lost our most precious fighting power, why do we have to live? Paul slowly took a pistol out of his pocket and committed suicide. However, the gun looked at his eyes contemptuously. He put the pistol on his knee again and cursed bitterly: "friend, this is a fake hero!" Anything stupid will bring about its own destruction at any time! This is the most cowardly and easiest way out. ..... Even if life is really unbearable, we must be able to live and make life useful. "

Paul has found a new goal in life, and he will rely on literature to return to the team. He married Dia and moved to a coastal town. Paul's life is learning. He read a lot of classical literature, finished the first semester of correspondence university, and studied with young people in the evening. Soon, his legs were completely paralyzed, and only his right hand was on call. Then, the left eye becomes blind. He is calm, and he firmly believes that he is not 100% disabled. He went on studying, but he couldn't see, so he used the radio. He completely forgot the cruel blow of fate and the great pain of his body. He is happy for the growth of the motherland and people, and proud that his wife has become the official Bolshevik party member.

They moved to Moscow. Paul is out of danger of parathyroid surgery and is back to work. He is going to write a novella, named Born in the Storm, about the heroic feat of Dovski cavalry division. He used the gap stuck in the middle of the cardboard frame to restrict the pencil and groped for writing. The intense labor finally completed three chapters, but in the process of sending them to old comrades for advice, these manuscripts were lost by the post office. His six months' efforts were in vain! There is no choice but to start working again. This time, the girl next door, Goliath, came to help and acted as his "secretary". Every day after work, Goliath reads to him what she has written. When Paul thought it was not good, he began to rewrite it himself.

The last chapter is finished. Mother sent the heavy package to the Cultural Propaganda Department of the Provincial Party Committee. Paul waited from morning till night, anxiously waiting for an answer. Many days later, the telegram from the provincial party Committee came. The telegram said, "This novel is greatly appreciated and will be published soon. Congratulations on its success. "

Paul's heart is pounding again. The bondage of life was broken. He picked up new weapons, walked back to the team and started a new life.

Ostrovsky (1904 ~ 1936), the author of How Steel was Tempered, is a famous proletarian writer and an excellent fighter in the Soviet Union. Born in a worker's family in Ukraine, 19 19 joined the league. In the revolutionary war, he was seriously injured, blind and paralyzed, but with tenacious will and amazing perseverance, he wrote How Steel was Tempered and The Birth of the Storm (I).

This book is a novel full of lofty ideals and passionate revolutionary passion. The work is based on the author's life history, but it is not the author's autobiography, but a typical literary treasure after artistic processing. Through the growth process of the protagonist Pavel Colta King in the revolutionary struggle, the novel truly and artistically reflects the social characteristics and the atmosphere of the times of the Soviet Union from the October Revolution and the Civil War to the restoration of the national economy, enthusiastically praises the younger generation of the Soviet Union who fought for the motherland, and shows their growth process and spiritual outlook. As soon as this book was published, it was welcomed and praised by readers at home and abroad. It has been reprinted hundreds of times in China and has been translated into more than 50 national languages for wide dissemination. The book has been translated and published in China, India, Brazil, Mongolia, Argentina and other countries. The image of Pavel Kochakin has long been a typical art and life model loved by people all over the world. Paul's famous saying about "life" has become the motto of millions of revolutionary youth.