Children's dental knowledge jingles.

Common sense about changing teeth 1. Why do people change their teeth?

People come into this world without teeth, and then slowly grow deciduous teeth, which change because of people's growth and food.

Then there are permanent teeth, permanent teeth: the second pair of teeth after deciduous teeth fall off, and they no longer erupt after falling off. 32 permanent teeth in oral cavity, each side 16.

At the age of six, the first permanent molar erupted, which was the beginning of mixed dentition. /kloc-the mixed dentition period ends when all the deciduous teeth at the age of 0/2 are replaced by permanent teeth.

There are 20 deciduous teeth in the deciduous dentition, so among the 32 teeth in the permanent dentition, 20 permanent teeth are secondary teeth of deciduous teeth to replace deciduous teeth. The remaining 12 are molars, which germinate only once in a lifetime. Most of the first molars erupt at the age of six, so they are also called "six-age teeth".

The third molar tends to degenerate, some people have impacted or congenital absence, and the number of permanent teeth can be between 28 and 32.

2. Talk more about the common sense of children during tooth changing.

Usually at the age of 6~7, the central incisors of mandibular deciduous teeth (central incisors) begin to shake and fall off, and soon, permanent central incisors grow here; At the same time, the first molar grows behind the second deciduous molar. Since then, other teeth have been replaced. Monocusps and bicuspids of permanent teeth can only grow after deciduous teeth in the same position fall off. Until 12~ 13 years old, all deciduous teeth fell off and permanent teeth were replaced. After that, the single permanent tooth: 12~ 14 years old, the second molar grows behind the first molar, and the third molar grows after 18 years old. It is normal for some people not to have a third molar.

Problems needing attention in tooth replacement period

Retention of deciduous teeth: when deciduous teeth should be dropped, don't drop them. Doctors call this phenomenon retention of deciduous teeth, so they should take their children to the hospital for examination and treatment in time.

Main causes: dislocation of permanent tooth germ, local inflammation and absence of permanent tooth germ.

Retained teeth with erupted permanent teeth but not deciduous teeth should be pulled out as soon as possible to avoid affecting the eruption of permanent teeth in the normal position. Don't pull out the primary teeth after the age of tooth replacement and the permanent teeth before they erupt. If permanent teeth are congenital missing, try to keep deciduous teeth.

Early deciduous teeth fall off: deciduous teeth fall off before they should, which is called early deciduous teeth fall off. It often causes the adjacent teeth on both sides to tilt towards the gap of missing teeth, which makes the gap of missing teeth smaller, and the permanent teeth sprout out of position due to insufficient gap. Wear a gap fixer at the gap between deciduous teeth to prevent the teeth on both sides from tilting until the permanent teeth erupt.

Difficult eruption of permanent teeth: permanent teeth produce eruption force during root development, which makes permanent teeth move to gum side and gradually erupt. This requires a process, especially the upper teeth. Permanent teeth do not erupt after the replacement period, which is called delayed eruption of permanent teeth.

The main reasons are: early deciduous teeth fall off, odontoma or cyst, and genetic factors hinder the abnormal development of permanent teeth themselves.

Tooth malocclusion: tooth replacement, jaw development, occlusion relationship gradually established, sometimes temporary malocclusion, in the process of tooth development, often self-adjustment, back to normal. Some malocclusion deformities can't be adjusted by themselves, which will affect facial development. They should go to the hospital for treatment.

Double-layer teeth: It is not uncommon for permanent teeth to come out before deciduous teeth fall off. This may be because the root of deciduous teeth is not completely absorbed. The relative position of deciduous teeth and permanent teeth can be determined by oral X-ray, so as to diagnose whether deciduous teeth can fall off or need to be pulled out.

It hurts a little when changing teeth: the process of loosening and falling off teeth generally does not hurt, but as deciduous teeth begin to fall off, they will grow "six-year-old teeth", which may cause gum swelling and make children complain about toothache. If the pain is severe, you need to see a dentist to see if you need to relieve inflammation and pain.

Six-year-old tooth decay: about 6 years old, behind the second deciduous molar, the first permanent molar grows quietly, also called "six-year-old tooth" It does not replace any deciduous teeth, and it is easy to mistake them for deciduous teeth. Clinically, many children have dental caries at the age of six, which have developed into pulpitis or periapical periodontitis. In order to prevent dental caries of six-year-old teeth, pit and fissure sealing should be carried out as soon as possible.

Nutrition and diet of infants with tooth replacement

With the growth of age, children should be allowed to eat more chewy foods such as jellyfish, peanuts, sugar cane, spiced beans, etc., so as to maintain a good effect on deciduous teeth and promote the deciduous teeth to fall off on time. When the child reaches the age of 10, the front teeth and back molars have erupted. Parents can add some celery stalks, corn, apples and other foods, so that tooth replacement can be completed smoothly and children can have a healthy and tidy permanent tooth.

Prevention of inferiority complex during tooth replacement

The child's self-esteem has been established during the tooth changing period. I care if the front teeth look good. If you joke about this, children will feel inferior and even lick their teeth desperately, hoping to grow up quickly, but the result is counterproductive. You can tell children that white swans are all made by ugly ducklings. The front teeth fall off and look ugly. This is a transformation process, which proves that "you are about to grow up", and every child has to go through this process when growing up.

3. What are the precautions before and after tooth replacement?

Children usually change their teeth from about 6 years old until 12~ 13 years old.

The shape of the replaced permanent teeth is basically similar to the original deciduous teeth, but the deciduous teeth are larger, yellower and more shiny. Nursing and physiological care when changing teeth Pay attention to whether the deciduous teeth are stuck or fall off early.

There is a certain time and order for deciduous teeth to fall off, which should not be called deciduous teeth retention. The consequence is often that permanent teeth cannot erupt in normal positions. The most common is that the lower front permanent teeth grow on the inner side of deciduous teeth, and the upper front permanent teeth grow on the outer side of deciduous teeth, which looks like double-layer teeth.

In this case, you should take your child to the hospital as soon as possible and pull out the stranded deciduous teeth to make room for the eruption of permanent teeth. If the deciduous teeth fall off before they should, it is called premature deciduous teeth fall off, which often leads to the adjacent teeth on both sides leaning towards the gap of missing teeth, which makes the gap of missing teeth smaller, and the permanent teeth sprout out of position due to insufficient gap.

At this time, a gap retainer (customized by the Department of Stomatology of the hospital) should be installed at the gap of the deciduous teeth to prevent the teeth on both sides from tilting, so as to keep the eruption position of the permanent teeth until the permanent teeth erupt. Pay attention to whether permanent teeth are difficult to erupt.

The deciduous teeth fall off prematurely, and children are used to chewing and licking with gums, which will become thick and tough, hindering the eruption of permanent teeth. Therefore, if the child has reached the age of changing teeth and the permanent teeth have not yet grown out, it is necessary to take the child to the hospital for examination in time and get the help of the doctor.

Calcium deficiency in children is also an important reason for delayed eruption of permanent teeth. Parents should give their children calcium supplements in time. Pay attention to the cleanliness of the child's mouth.

During tooth replacement, deciduous teeth and permanent teeth exist at the same time, and permanent teeth just erupt, especially the "six-year-old teeth" as the "key to occlusion". It is large, and there are many pits and grooves on the occlusal surface, which is easy to retain food residues. Moreover, most children don't like brushing their teeth and like eating sweets, so dental caries often occur. Once it happens, it should be treated as soon as possible.

Pay attention to correcting children's bad habits. During the tooth changing period, when the deciduous teeth are loose and about to fall off, children are often used to licking the loose teeth with their tongues.

This is a bad habit, which will affect the normal eruption of permanent teeth. It should be corrected in time to prevent mistakes (irregular arrangement of teeth). Malocclusion should be diagnosed and treated in time.

When children change their teeth, their teeth are changing, their jaws are developing, and then the occlusal relationship is gradually established, and sometimes temporary malocclusion occurs. During the development of teeth, they can often adjust themselves and return to normal.

Some malocclusion deformities, such as the labial frenum position of the upper lip is too low, and the gap between the upper teeth is too large to adjust itself, which will affect the facial development. Parents should take their children to the hospital for treatment in time, otherwise it will affect their future appearance.

Urge children to brush their teeth every day. It is best to brush by adults before going to bed at night, especially the double rows of teeth are difficult to clean, which is most likely to lead to dental caries.

There are also six-year-old molars that are not easy to brush, because they grow in the innermost part of the mouth, so we should choose children's toothpaste and toothbrush, and the toothbrush head should be as small as possible, otherwise the baby will vomit easily when it reaches the innermost part. In addition to brushing your teeth, it is best for your baby to rinse his mouth after eating food every time to maintain oral hygiene.

Try to avoid breathing with your mouth when your baby sleeps. Because when the airflow passes through the oral cavity, the maxilla can't develop downward normally due to the upward pressure, resulting in the maxilla bulging upward.

The left and right sides of the upper dental arch become narrower, and the front part protrudes forward. Results The erupted incisors not only tilted forward, but also arranged in disorder, resulting in missing teeth. Correct some bad habits of the baby in time.

For example, spit and bite your tongue, bite your finger or pencil, lick your teeth with your tongue and so on. These bad habits will affect the growth of baby's teeth and lead to tooth deformation. Special protection for children's six-year-old teeth.

Because it has the function of positioning and setting the height of teeth in the whole oral cavity, it has a great influence on the development of baby's maxillofacial region, and also plays an important role in the eruption and orderly arrangement of other permanent teeth. Always educate your baby about safety.

Try to prevent tooth loss caused by trauma. The self-esteem of children in the period of psychological nursing tooth change has been established. I care if the front teeth look good.

If you joke about this, children will feel inferior and even lick their teeth desperately, hoping to grow up quickly, but the result is counterproductive. Parents can tell their children that white swans are all transformed from ugly ducklings, and their front teeth fall off and they look ugly, which proves that "baby, you are going to grow up" and every child has to go through this process.

Nutrition and Dietary Care With the growth of children's age, parents should let their children eat more chewy foods, such as jellyfish, peanuts, sugar cane and spiced beans. , so as to maintain a good effect on deciduous teeth and promote deciduous teeth to fall off on time. When the child reaches the age of 10, the front teeth and back molars have erupted. Parents can add some celery stalks, corn, apples and other foods, so that tooth replacement can be completed smoothly and children can have a healthy and tidy permanent tooth.

Problems and reasons that easily occur in the process of tooth replacement: retention of deciduous teeth: deciduous teeth fall out when they should. Cause: dislocation of permanent tooth embryo; Local inflammation; Measures of permanent tooth embryo shedding: the remaining teeth that have erupted but the deciduous teeth have not fallen off should be pulled out as soon as possible to avoid affecting the eruption of permanent teeth in the normal position.

Those who are over the age of tooth replacement, deciduous teeth have not fallen off, and permanent teeth have not erupted should not be removed easily, because if permanent teeth are congenital missing, deciduous teeth should be preserved as much as possible. Early deciduous teeth fall off: deciduous teeth fall off before the time when they should fall off.

Measures: Wear a gap retainer at the gap of deciduous teeth to prevent the teeth on both sides from tilting until the permanent teeth erupt. Difficult eruption of permanent teeth: permanent teeth did not erupt after tooth changing period.

Cause: Early deciduous teeth fall off; Many teeth; Tooth tumor or cyst obstruction; The permanent teeth themselves develop abnormally; Genetic factor double-layer tooth phenomenon: permanent teeth drill out before deciduous teeth fall off, resulting in two rows of teeth. Cause: It may be caused by incomplete resorption of deciduous roots.

Measures: Determine the relative position of deciduous teeth and permanent teeth by oral X-ray, so as to diagnose whether deciduous teeth can fall off by themselves or need to be pulled out. .

4. What knowledge do children have about changing teeth?

The order of children's tooth changing period is the first permanent molar, also called the sixth molar, which grows immediately after the last deciduous molar at the age of 6. Earlier or at the same time as the lower central incisor, the lower central incisor (the lower two incisors) fell off at the age of 6, the lower central incisor grew out, the upper central incisor (the upper two incisors) fell off at the age of 7-8, the upper central incisor grew out, the lower central incisor fell off and the lower central incisor grew out. 8-9-year-old deciduous upper incisors fall off and grow permanent upper incisors; At the age of 9- 12, the first and second deciduous molars fell off, and the first and second pairs of canines grew. 10 ~ 12 years old, deciduous teeth fall off and permanent teeth grow out.

There is a certain time and order for deciduous teeth to stay or fall off prematurely. The deciduous teeth that should fall off without falling off are called retention, and the consequence is often that the permanent teeth cannot erupt in the normal position. Tooth loss usually begins with the next two incisors, and then the last two incisors.

The most common is that the lower front permanent teeth grow on the inner side of deciduous teeth, and the upper front permanent teeth grow on the outer side of deciduous teeth, which looks like double-layer teeth. In this case, you should take your child to the hospital stomatology department as soon as possible and pull out the stranded deciduous teeth. If the deciduous teeth fall off before falling off, it is called premature deciduous teeth fall off, which often causes the adjacent teeth on both sides to tilt to the gap between the missing teeth, which makes the gap between the missing teeth smaller and the permanent teeth sprout out of position due to insufficient gap. At this time, it is necessary to wear a gap retainer at the gap of the deciduous teeth to prevent the teeth on both sides from tilting until the permanent teeth erupt.

Are permanent teeth difficult to erupt? Early deciduous teeth fall off, and children are used to chewing and licking with gums, which will thicken and hinder the eruption of permanent teeth. Calcium deficiency is also an important reason for delayed eruption of permanent teeth. Parents should give their children calcium supplements in time.

When changing teeth, the front permanent teeth erupt from below or inside the deciduous teeth. The erupted permanent teeth are as big as adult teeth. It is normal for them to be slightly crowded and twisted, and they can be adjusted and arranged with the eruption of adjacent teeth and the growth and development of jaws. As long as it is not an inverted tooth (that is, covering the ground), it is generally not necessary to correct it.

5. What are the common knowledge of oral hygiene among primary school students?

Harm of dental caries

1, which affects chewing function;

2. Adverse effects on the development of permanent teeth: when deciduous teeth are deeply decayed, it can directly affect the growth of corresponding permanent tooth germs, resulting in permanent tooth caries after tooth replacement;

3. It can cause systemic infectious diseases: the dental pulp cavity contains a rich vascular network connected with the systemic capillary network, and bacteria can spread to other parts of the whole body along the vascular network after dental pulp infection;

4. Adverse effects on facial development: because one side of the affected tooth is not conducive to chewing, excessive chewing on the other side of the tooth can cause the development of this side jaw and slow development of the opposite side jaw, resulting in left-right asymmetry of the face;

5, affecting aesthetics and pronunciation: teeth, vocal cords and tongue together constitute the human body's pronunciation system. The premature tooth loss caused by dental caries will affect the correct pronunciation and speech, and the decay and loss of dentition will also affect the appearance.

How to prevent tooth decay

Even if bacteria break down food in the mouth to form acidic substances, it will take some time for acidic substances to act on teeth to break down enamel and form tooth decay. As long as the toothbrush is cleaned immediately, so that acidic substances do not contact with teeth for a long time, there will be no tooth decay, so it is very important to rinse your mouth and brush your teeth in time after meals. Plaque is most likely to form at night, so brushing your teeth before going to bed is particularly important.

Oral hygiene knowledge 3: changing teeth

The order of deciduous teeth falling off

1, central incisor -6-7 years old

2, lateral incisors-7-8 years old

3, fangs-10- 12 years old

4. First deciduous molar -9- 1 1 year

5. The second deciduous molar-10- 12 years old.

Matters needing attention during tooth replacement

1, pay attention to whether the deciduous teeth stay: deciduous teeth fall off in a certain time and order, and should fall off instead of falling off. In this case, parents should take their children to the hospital as soon as possible to remove the stranded deciduous teeth and make room for the eruption of permanent teeth;

2, pay attention to whether the eruption of permanent teeth is difficult: deciduous teeth fall off prematurely, children are used to chewing with gums, gums will become thick and tough, hindering the eruption of permanent teeth. Calcium deficiency in children is also an important reason for delayed eruption of permanent teeth. Therefore, if the child has reached the age of changing teeth and the permanent teeth have not yet grown out, it is necessary to take the child to the hospital for examination in time.

3, pay attention to the child's oral hygiene: in the tooth replacement period, deciduous teeth and permanent teeth * * *, permanent teeth just sprouted, and there are pits and grooves on the occlusal surface, which is easy to leave food residues. In addition, children don't like brushing their teeth and love sweets, and their teeth often decay. At this time, the most important thing is to teach children the correct way to brush their teeth.

4, pay attention to correct the child's bad habits: in the tooth changing period, when the deciduous teeth are loose and about to fall off, children are often used to licking loose teeth with their tongues. This is a bad habit, which will affect the normal eruption of permanent teeth and cause dislocation occlusion-that is, the teeth are not arranged neatly. Parents should correct it in time.

5. Correction of malocclusion: Some malocclusions are due to pathological reasons. For example, the labial frenum position of the upper lip is too low, and the gap between the upper teeth is too large to adjust itself, which will affect the facial development. You should go to the hospital for correction, otherwise it will affect the child's appearance.

6. What should I pay attention to during tooth changing?

Children should also be "disciplined" when changing their teeth. More and more older children and children begin to pay attention to their oral beauty, or wear braces or have surgery. It is not an exaggeration to say that they are armed to the teeth.

It is said that wearing braces is also a fashion in Japan, Europe and America. In fact, it is not the popularity of braces, but the loose teeth and unscrupulous growth that affect the owner's appearance.

In fact, if the strict "standard normal jaw" is taken as the reference data, the malocclusion rate of adolescents in China can be as high as 80-90%. Knowing this figure, it is not difficult for us to understand why more and more parents are beginning to pay attention to their children's dental problems.

The causes of malocclusion are not only human evolution factors, but also environmental and replacement factors. Parents should be reminded that it is best to correct malocclusion from the age of 12. Before this, the baby's deciduous teeth may not have been replaced. After that, it will take more time and energy to correct them.

Why is it difficult to find a beautiful woman with "teeth like shells"? When describing beauty, the ancients often used the word "teeth are like shells". According to modern people's aesthetic concept, people with neat white teeth are not only beautiful, but also more confident.

Why are there so few "teeth like scallops" now, but so many people with irregular dentition? Shen Gang, a doctor at City Nine Hospital, explained the reason. The first is the factor of evolution.

In the process of human evolution, many organs are degenerating, and the degree of degeneration of each organ is different. Relatively small alveolar bone can not accommodate relatively large teeth, resulting in uneven crowding of teeth.

Followed by environmental factors. Because of "never tire of eating essence, never tire of cooking essence", the chewing function can't be fully exerted, and the alveolar bone can't get enough * * *, which limits the growth of the jaw, resulting in crowded teeth.

Other children have the habit of sucking their fingers, licking their tongues, biting their lower lips and breathing through their mouths when they are young, which has a bad influence on the normal eruption and position arrangement of teeth, and also causes uneven dentition. Replace obstacles.

For example, premature or overdue deciduous teeth will lead to the eruption of hereditary permanent teeth, which is also an important reason for uneven dentition. "However, it is hard to find an ideal jaw with absolutely neat teeth in life. It is good for the average person to reach the standard jaw.

So there is no need to affect self-confidence. Dr. Zou Derong from the Department of Stomatology of Shanghai Sixth Hospital said.

When will children learn to brush their teeth? Studies have proved that tetracycline drugs can cause discoloration of children's teeth. Children should be given complementary foods that can supplement nutrition and contribute to the development of deciduous teeth, such as adding biscuits and baking steamed bread slices to exercise the chewing ability of deciduous teeth. Give some fruits and vegetables to children about 2 months old.

Many parents often wait for their children to brush their teeth before they start to develop the habit of brushing their teeth, but it is too late. Once a child's deciduous teeth erupt about 6 months after birth, after breastfeeding or eating, parents should wrap gauze on the index finger to help clean the tooth surface, teach color teeth at about 3 years old, and help the child brush his teeth under the supervision of parents before 4 years old.

Children should use the brush edge method. First, use the children's health care toothbrush, which has a small brush head and soft bristles. Brush your teeth along the direction of the crown, which can brush off the soft dirt on the teeth and play a role in the root of the tooth. Children should choose medicinal toothpaste, such as fluoride toothpaste, which can remineralize enamel and prevent bacteria from adhering to the tooth surface.

In addition, parents should urge their children to develop good hygiene habits. Is your child's teeth neat? How do you know if your child's teeth are uneven? The following are four main manifestations of uneven teeth summarized by Associate Professor Qian of the Ninth Hospital. By observing the baby's teeth, we can know that the teeth in the dental arch are not arranged in a natural and beautiful arc, but protrude forward or sag inward, or even overlap each other.

The teeth in the front section of the upper arch protrude forward, driving the upper lip upward, which may cause the upper lip not to close naturally. The protrusion of the lower anterior teeth is opposite to that of the normal jaw. The lower front teeth bite in front of the upper front teeth, driving the lower lip to protrude forward.

The protrusion of upper and lower teeth is commonly known as "protruding teeth". The upper and lower teeth protrude forward at the same time, which makes the whole lip protrude forward, which seriously leads to the failure of the upper and lower lips to close naturally, forming a "lip opening and tooth opening".

How old is the best time to correct teeth? By the age of 12, most of the permanent teeth in the mouth have erupted, and the irregular teeth are basically shaped. During this period, the development of children's maxillofacial region is still in a period of rapid growth and development, which makes the efficiency of tooth movement and alveolar bone reconstruction reach the best level.

In addition, at this time, children's psychological development has become increasingly mature, so dentists generally believe that 12 years old is the best period for orthodontics. Orthodontics is mainly carried out by wearing appliances.

Before wearing the appliance, the doctor will take a picture of the child to understand the development of the jaw and make a plane design. Sometimes it may be necessary to pull out the first and second fangs at the back first to make room for the normal arrangement of teeth. After the teeth are fitted with the appliance, they need to be reexamined in the hospital once every one to two weeks at first, and the doctor will adjust the tightness of the appliance, and the reexamination time can be extended to one to two months later.

In this process, what parents need to do is to cooperate with doctors, help children overcome the pain and tingling caused by discomfort, protect corrective devices, cooperate with the application of replacing rubber bands and extraoral arches, and follow up in time in strict accordance with the requirements of doctors. Usually, it takes about two years for the appliance to reach a stable and satisfactory standard jaw state, and then it needs to wear a retainer for six months to one year to further consolidate the orthopedic effect.

Therefore, orthodontics is also a long and slightly painful process, and parents and children should make corresponding psychological preparations. Parents should pay more attention to their children's teeth and go to the hospital for treatment in time if they find small cavities with black spots. It is necessary for parents to take their children to the hospital to install gap retainers to prevent the teeth on both sides from tilting and keep the permanent teeth in a proper eruption position until the permanent teeth erupt.

Bite more when changing teeth. Some parents can't bite when their children change their teeth, and the food is rotten, so the children don't have to bite more. Experts say that parents didn't help. When changing teeth, you should bite more and eat more, so that the jaw can expand and grow, and avoid gum crowding.

You can brush your teeth during tooth changing, and there is a hole in the middle. Can you not grow teeth if you brush your teeth too much? Parents have a lot to worry about.