7 articles on advertising campaign planning

7 articles on advertising campaign planning

Advertising theme: protecting and saving water resources

Advertising purpose:

1. Arouse social attention to water problems and water crisis in China;

2. Raise public awareness of water and health, water and environment, and sustainable development of water and economy;

3. Advocate people to use water scientifically, protect water resources and prevent water pollution.

Background introduction:

China's per capita fresh water quantity is a quarter of the world's per capita level, and it belongs to a water-deficient country. More than 300 cities in China are short of water, and 29% people are drinking bad water, among which 70 million people are drinking high fluorine water. Every year, the economic losses caused by water shortage reach more than 654.38+0 billion yuan, and the economic losses caused by water pollution reach more than 40 billion yuan.

Publicity focus:

1. present the beauty of water, advocate the harmony between man and nature, and make rivers, lakes and seas better; Good mountains, good water and good scenery are all beautiful.

2. Understand the importance of water to human health. 70% of diseases in the world are spread by water, and the cleanliness of water and the quality of drinking water are closely related to human health.

3. Reflect the destruction and pollution of water resources; Lack of water; The water quality deteriorates, and the water function is reduced and lost; The ecology of water source environment has been damaged to varying degrees, such as grassland degradation, desert abandonment, lake retreat, water resources reduction, drought, snow disaster and so on.

4. Be wary of over-exploitation and utilization of water resources by relying on science and technology. The comprehensive development and utilization of water resources depends on the comprehensive intervention of science and technology, including giving full play to the benefits of existing water supply projects, adjusting regional water imbalance, improving sewage treatment and reuse capacity, and establishing a benign mechanism of hydropower resources. However, mankind has made great achievements in conquering nature.

While making great achievements, it has destroyed the ecological environment and caused irreparable losses because of its endless invasion of nature, which deserves our deep thought and vigilance.

5. Advocate everyone to participate in water saving: start from the side and start from bit by bit.

Advertising objectives:

1. The general public;

2. Manufacturers and enterprises that pollute water resources;

3 * * Departments that have an impact on improving water resources;

Use occasions:

1. Television, radio, newspapers, news events and other media communication.

2. Network communication

3. Outdoor communication

I. Background of the event

A harmonious and beautiful campus gives us a comfortable and quiet learning environment, but there are always some uncivilized people doing uncivilized things. Small advertisements (commonly known as cowhide feet) can be seen everywhere on the main school roads in our campus, which greatly destroys the school environment. Even ordinary students should do something, not to mention we are volunteers. The proliferation of small advertisements on campus has directly affected the school appearance and the life and study of teachers and students in our school.

Second, the theme of the event

Civilized campus, you and I walk together.

Third, the purpose and significance of the activity

Put an end to small advertisements on campus and practice the purpose of voluntary service in our class. Promote the construction of spiritual civilization on campus, establish correct buildings, improve the campus environment from the small things around us, and strive to show a distinctive and beautiful campus environment for teachers and students.

Fourth, the activity time

20xx May 10

Verb (abbreviation for verb) activity place

Publicity column, dormitory building, teaching building, canteen and main road of Xianning University Hot Spring Campus

Sixth, the object of activity.

All members of Class 2 of Clinical College, 10

Seven. Activity flow

Pre-activity preparation stage

1, arrange two or three students to go to the campus to understand the situation of posting small advertisements everywhere and take photos;

2, using a variety of publicity methods, first in the class publicity, and then to all parts of the school publicity, statistical class participation list;

Divide the members who take part in this activity into groups. The general manager divides the work area for each group, and sets up a team leader in each group to take charge of his own group. The team leader should prepare tools, knives, rags, garbage bags or trash cans.

Two. Active phase in progress

1, meet in front of the west dining hall at two o'clock in the afternoon. Each team leader is responsible for counting the number of people in this group. After the number of people is determined, the person in charge emphasizes relevant precautions and discipline;

The activity officially started at 2: 30.

Each team leader leads the team members to clean the divided cleaning areas;

3. When the activity is over at 4: 30, take all the rubbish away, gather behind the canteen door, sign in and hand in the tools.

Late stage of activity

1. The person in charge writes the activity summary for this activity;

2. The members who participated in the activity wrote their own ideas or press releases, and put forward the shortcomings of this activity and the lessons learned from it.

Eight, matters needing attention

1. During the activity, all members should obey the command, be disciplined and organized;

2. The team leader should act as a correspondent, report the situation in time, and prepare the person in charge;

3. Take care of the tools you bring, carefully remove small advertisements and illegal handwriting, and put the garbage into the carry-on bag;

4. Pay attention to the image. Applicants are not allowed to participate in the competition in name. The person in charge should be strict, pay attention to the image of the school and pay attention to safety.

5. During the activity, all members should pay attention to their own image and understand that they represent not only individuals, but also the large group of Class 2 10.

Activity budget

1, 15 barrels

2.30 rags

3. 100 piece of sand

4.30 knives or shovels

5. Garbage bags or trash cans 15.

First, the promotion of the company.

As a newly established advertising company, we should be good at publicity, build our own brand and expand our influence.

1. According to the company's business orientation, some experienced salesmen in the industry will be equipped to bring certain business relations to the company.

2, positioning the company's mainstream customers. We can learn from the local newspaper media which companies have invested heavily in advertising, such as real estate, schools, government and enterprise units, decoration companies, medicine and so on. We can master these companies, and make a company's business leaflet or business card according to their psychological characteristics, and the form can be appropriately innovated. For high-quality large companies, business managers should visit in person, find the person in charge of their advertisements, and communicate with each other, reflecting the professionalism and price competitiveness of the company.

3. It is suggested to do distinctive business in the office, which requires low price, attractive, and can keep the staff busy, so that big customers will not feel that business is slow when they come to the office. Such as color printing and copying.

4. Create news highlights and topics. Actively participate in some large-scale activities, such as public welfare activities or naming activities such as technical support and advertising support, to enhance the company's visibility.

5. shoot TV commercials. Make a novel company image propaganda film and broadcast it on the bus or TV media.

6. Pay attention to newspapers, learn about large-scale activities in the city, find relevant organizers to visit in time, and distribute leaflets, such as RV Festival, collective decoration exhibition and exposition.

7. Many small businesses can distribute some business cards in business-intensive markets and shopping malls.

Post some leaflets in those eye-catching places, such as hardware, electromechanical, building materials, furniture, food and other markets with many big brands, and you can contact their agents.

8. Use newspapers for publicity. Advertise on the company's existing newspaper resources and continue to follow up the company's brand building.

9. Network promotion. The use of the Internet for publicity and promotion activities has the characteristics of autonomy, flexibility and wide coverage. There are many channels and methods of network promotion, so it is very important to make a systematic and operable network promotion plan.

Second, the company's internal operation process

1, professional advertising companies provide customers with "advertising" products, and their services generally include the following five parts:

(1) Market research (mainly market research and marketing analysis)

(2) Creativity

(3) Making advertisements

(4) Business communication (with customers, production companies, survey companies, etc. )

(5) media purchase

2. The release of advertising works shall go through the following steps:

(1) The advertiser entrusts an advertising agency to make an advertising plan.

(2) Advertising companies make advertisements according to demand.

(3) Communicate with consumers through the media.

(4) let consumers buy or form some kind of cognition.

3, the advertising company's service process:

(1)AE (customer service staff) through the understanding of the market and advertisers, advertisers want to.

Communicate the needs and desires of advertising to advertising companies, and convey the information of the company's ability and want to undertake business to advertisers. Advertising companies form marketing and creative strategies through advertising planning meetings, advertising effect meetings and production meetings, communicate with advertisers and be recognized, then make advertisements and buy media.

(2) Customer Briefing The participants in the customer briefing are: customer service personnel, market research personnel and creative personnel, and the general manager or business deputy general manager should attend the briefing.

(3) The first proposal meeting of the advertising company is within the advertising company.

(4) Through the process of strategy formulation, the company gradually forms an advertising strategy for products or services entrusted by customers. Advertising strategies include: target, creative strategy, media strategy, execution plan, timetable and advertising budget.

The advertising company's strategy committee reviews its strategy. The strategic review committee is composed of department heads and senior personnel of advertising companies.

The purpose of the audit is to ensure the accuracy and enforceability of the strategy, so as to ensure the quality of the advertising company's products. The most important product of an advertising company is creativity.

(5) At the formal proposal meeting, the advertising company puts forward relevant plans for the advertising business entrusted by customers and obtains the consent of advertisers. Proposals can be divided into annual plans or individual activity plans.

The proposal of the advertising company is a summary of all activities before the proposal meeting to show the importance of customer business. When the proposal is approved by the customer, it is necessary to conduct communication investigation on its strategy and creativity, including concept test, script test and effect test.

The purpose of advertising companies is not to pass proposals, but to ensure the quality of service and win the long-term trust of customers.

(6) The last stage is the execution stage of the advertisement. ?

Advertising activities also need to be carried out: media placement, advertising effect monitoring, consumer feedback and so on.

I. Company Profile:

Yangjiang Chuangfu Advertising Co., Ltd. is a professional advertising company integrating brand activity planning and execution, advertising creativity and release, real estate marketing promotion, online marketing advertising, product channel promotion planning of manufacturers, campus advertising planning, celebration and exhibition projects, exhibitions and other businesses. Companies adhering to the "multi-perspective marketing level, modern marketing concepts, market-oriented media services" business philosophy. From wonderful activity creativity to meticulous activity execution, advertising activities have become the focus of public attention and sales. Since its establishment, the company has been adhering to the principle of "honesty-based, winning the trust of the people and creating specialties", serving large, medium and small enterprises and winning unanimous praise from customers and people in the industry. Based on the principle of professional operation in good faith, on the basis of continuous self-improvement, we use superior resources to provide the best advertising services for small and medium-sized enterprises such as * * * organs, public welfare organizations and commercial enterprise manufacturers.

Second, the company's advantages

1. Specialty: The planning and execution team of the company originally belonged to the senior management and executive director of Guangzhou professional event planning advertising company, and has more than 100 experience in planning and executing large-scale event projects.

2. Accurate and efficient: localized, close to the consumer market, master the latest and most comprehensive dynamic information of the organization, accurately plan the appropriate promotion plan, and quickly complete the indicators of the activity project.

3. Resource network: Grasp the most extensive high-consumption resources, integrate the layout of TV media, online media, outdoor advertisements, bus advertisements and square roadshows, and provide an advertising service system.

4. One-stop advertising service: it will be applied to real estate, furniture, garage, hardware factory, hotel catering, fast-moving consumer goods and other fields. Through a scientific and meticulous service system, the "product complete solution" will be fully customized from the aspects of market analysis, product positioning, advertising design, packaging strategy, promotion planning and follow-up service.

Third, long-term cooperation customers:

Real estate developers: Evergrande Real Estate, Poly Real Estate, Vanke Real Estate, Agile Real Estate, Yuexiu Xinghui Wenhua, etc.

Furniture and building materials: office furniture, Shunde home, hotels, hardware, countertops, door panels, lighting, bathrooms, etc.

FMCG: Coca-Cola, Pepsi, Red Bull, Wang Laoji, Mengniu, Master Kong, Yili Pulse, etc.

Digital products: Apple, ASUS, Samsung, Nokia, Sony Ericsson, Canon, Coolpad, ZTE, Tianyi, etc.

Large-scale stores: Gome, Suning, RT Mart, Nanda Department Store Chain, Causeway Bay, Xinyijia, Huang Jian, etc.

Education and training: primary and secondary school training institutions, computer training, design training, English training, one-on-one tutoring, etc.

Daily necessities: LG bamboo salt, Ponzi, Rejoice, Olay Colgate, Weiting depilatory cream, Watsons, etc.

Online games: Shanda Games, Netease Games, tencent games, Journey Network, Perfect Time and Space, Motor Racing, etc.

Financial banks: China Bank, China Industrial and Commercial Bank, China Construction Bank, China Merchants Bank, China Guangfa Bank, Rural Commercial Bank, etc.

Automobile 4S stores: Volkswagen, Dongfeng Nissan, Mercedes-Benz, BMW, Audi, Haima, Toyota, Dongfeng Kia, etc.

Fourth, advertising cooperation and contact.

Contact information: * * Manager Deng

Company address: No.214, Xinjiang Road, Jiangcheng District, Yangjiang City (opposite to Golden Supreme KTV)

Advertising theme: protecting the environment

Advertising purpose:

1, arousing social concern for environmental protection. The phenomena in advertisements are shocking and can arouse people's self-reflection.

2. Advertising is based on college students' experience and campus environment. College students are high-quality people, and what they do is harmful to environmental protection and can attract people's attention. At the same time, it also reflects that the quality of college students needs to be improved and their awareness of environmental protection needs to be improved. In addition, it also reminds educators to pay more attention to the quality education of college students.

Advertising objectives:

1, the general public, especially individuals and enterprises with low environmental awareness and serious environmental damage.

2, the vast number of educators and influential departments to improve and protect the environment.

Background: As a developing socialist country, China is facing a more severe population, resources and environment situation than other countries in the world in the process of modernization. The population burden is heavy and the per capita resources are insufficient. The deterioration of environmental conditions has seriously affected the macro-decision of the Party and * * * to develop the economy, and also affected the improvement of people's living standards, which has become the primary problem restricting China's socialist construction. The ecological and environmental problems in China are quite serious. With the rapid increase of population and the rapid development of social economy, environmental problems have become the primary problems affecting China's socialist modernization and people's production and life. Therefore, it is urgent to improve the environmental awareness of China people.

Advertising creativity: A boy sent a text message to his girlfriend saying that he missed you very much and came out to meet him. They made an appointment to meet. Boys are waiting for girls on the lawn. There are many snacks around boys, so they eat them when they wait for girls. After eating, garbage bags and the like are still around. The girl came over and was about to call the boy. Seeing a pile of rubbish around the boy, she turned and left, texting the boy while walking. The text message reads: Let's break up, I don't want to associate with garbage.

"beautifying campus" activity

Young Volunteers Association Green Pioneer Team

20xx 65438+7 00 10 month

I. Background of the event

Recently, small advertisements on campus have been overwhelming, which has seriously affected the campus environment. In order to enhance the students' awareness of loving labor, further deepen the concept of loving school glory, guide and educate new students to join the ranks of beautifying campus, and create a more comfortable and warm study and living environment for teachers and students, our team decided to carry out small advertisements to clean up campus psoriasis.

Second, the theme of the event

"Love my western workers and beautify the campus"

Third, the activity time

20xx 65438+ 10 month 13 (Sunday)

Fourth, the venue

Xi university of technology weiyang campus

Verb (short for verb) participant in an event.

The green vanguard of the Youth Volunteers Association has 30 members.

Pre-planning of intransitive verbs

1. Five days before the activity, notify the group leaders to discuss the activity plan and exchange opinions.

2. Hold an internal meeting two days before the activity to discuss the activity plan and determine the number and content of the activity.

And division of activities

3. The day before the activity, the heads of each group went to the activity site to find out the main location of the small advertisement.

Seven. activity

1. Clean up advertisements on ATMs, billboards, walls and telephone poles.

Please ask the school radio station to report the activities and call on everyone to start from themselves and protect the campus environment.

Eight. Activity flow

1, 10, 13 (Sunday) at 2 pm, all activists will gather at the entrance of the canteen to count the number of people.

Numbering and issuing tools.

2. The person in charge of the activity speaks and notes.

3, according to the previous division of labor, divided into four groups, respectively, to the teaching building publicity column, canteen door publicity column,

Around the dormitory and near the small east gate, split up, remove small advertisements and hang warning signs. The activity lasts about 2 hours.

4. The team leaders will lead the team back to the canteen door at the appointed time to count the tools.

The person in charge summarizes the simple activity, and the activity ends here.

During the activity, the propaganda department will collect photos to prepare for the activity summary.

Nine, matters needing attention

1. Volunteers participating in the activity must abide by the activity discipline and ensure that the activity is carried out in an orderly manner.

2, pay attention to personal behavior, pay attention to maintain the image of volunteers, volunteers should wear clothes and hats.

3. Pay attention to the safety of "knife and shovel" players

4. All applicants must attend on time, without special circumstances. Please consider carefully before registering. Don't be late at will.

Arrive, be absent, leave early. All participating volunteers must persist until the end of the activity.

5. All participating members must obey the unified scheduling of the event organizer and actively cooperate with the work of the activity group.

Weaver's job

6. Each team should bring their own brooms and dustpans, and the garbage generated by the activities should not be left at the scene. When I left,

Must be cleaned up;

7. To prevent accidental injuries during cleaning, remind everyone of the use of tools before work.

With a band-aid.

8. Because it is an outdoor activity, pay attention to wearing clothes suitable for activities; The weather is getting cold, please take precautions.

Cold and warm working

X. Activity budget

Steel ball (10) 10 yuan

Small shovel (20) 60 yuan

Gloves 15 15 yuan

Band-aid (10) 5 yuan

Wet wipes (5 pieces) 10 yuan

Total: 100 yuan

XI。 Accident treatment plan:

(1) Be sure to have backup personnel and be clear about all aspects of this activity. When the original participants can't attend because of something, they should be replaced in time to avoid delaying the activity.

(2) In case of rainy days or other bad weather, the event will be postponed.

Attachment: List of each group and the person in charge of each group.

Note: The heads of each group are indicated in bold type.

Young Volunteers Association Green Pioneer Team

20xx 65438+7 00 10 month

Xiyuchun, one of the famous brands in China, is a leading enterprise in the soft drink market in China, and actively promotes the localization process in China. Our vision is to make people all over the world more happy physically, mentally and spiritually, to make our brand and image constantly inspire people to remain optimistic and to make everything we touch more valuable. As the largest soft drink company in Xinjiang, the advertising campaign in China is mainly to improve its market share and popularity in China, and make the western spring the first choice for consumers!

First, the advertising target

The purpose of this plan is to implement the advertising strategy and advertising tactics plan from the summer of 20xx to the summer of 20xx.

Further improve the market popularity of Xiyuchun's products.

Increase the designated purchase rate

Make its brand image deeply rooted in the hearts of the people. Establish and improve the sales network

Form a stable market.

1, the target proposed by the enterprise

(1) Through advertising activities, the market share increased within one year 10%- 15%.

(2) Keep the popularity of spring drinks in the western region at the leading level again.

2, according to the market situation can achieve the goal:

(1) has surpassed Pepsi in the market share in China.

(2) Make the brand of Coca-Cola beverage surpass Pepsi.

Second, the enterprise and market situation analysis

(I) Overview of Coca-Cola Company

Xiyuchun Company is the largest soft drink company in Xinjiang. The company is headquartered in Changji, Xinjiang.

Xiyuchun Company produces and sells concentrated soft drinks and fruit juices. Its product, Xiyuchun, is a beverage made of juice extracted from milk. As the main department of the company, the annual sales of soft drinks account for about. Xinjiang Xiyuchun Company is a world-famous milk king, which is spread all over China.

(2) Main products

Milk vanilla milk daguo Xinjiang Lao yoghourt

(C) Enterprise advantages

China's largest soft drink giant.

It has the advantages of a big factory, strong global competitiveness and strong marketing ability.

System and corporate advertising, brand image is deeply rooted in people's hearts.

It has become a part of consumers' life, and the mysterious formula of core products is also extremely confidential.

Make it popular after 50 years, and the access layout is quite complete (especially the setting of vending machines)

There is also a strong sales channel in the fast food industry (headed by McDonald's), and Xinjiang Xiyuchun Company has a standardized workflow, innovation and strong research and development capabilities.

The most representative is the introduction of western spring yogurt.

As soon as it went public, it caused a wave of enthusiasm and had a high market share.

Most of the products are market-leading brands, and the products are convenient (available everywhere).

Unique flavor (mysterious formula) and reasonable price. The product life cycle is recycling.

Lasting and strong, recently announced that stock options will be regarded as part of employees' salary expenses.

This will fully reflect the financial situation of the enterprise.

It has attracted the praise of many experts and scholars.

It also swept away the gloom that investors brought to American companies because of Hanlong fraud.

(4) facing threats

At present, the substitution degree of milk and other beverages on the market is still not low, and consumers have a very large choice space. And with the improvement of people's living standards, consumers' pursuit of health is becoming stronger and stronger.

It is bound to reduce the consumption of other drinks.

The competition in the beverage market is fierce.

The main competitor (challenger)-Wei Wei is full of threats.

However, in the past few years, the spring performances in the western region have stagnated.

Pepsi-Cola, on the other hand, continues to grow, winning the favor of most young people, which is also the vast consumer that the western spring will strive for.

(5) consumer and market analysis

Over the years, Xiyuchun has continuously strengthened its contact with consumers by innovative means, encouraging young people to express themselves freely and pursue their dreams of life.

1, product positioning

Commodity characteristics Coca-Cola has realized that its beverage products are rich in nutrition and have a wide market space and time. More exciting, suitable for all ages, all kinds of occupations and all kinds of social life occasions. (No special attention is paid to its time-honored brand and famous brand factors)

Consumption is characterized by the first impulse purchase; If you have a good impression after use, you will habitually repeat the purchase; After deepening the impression of the brand, repeated purchases are selective and fixed. The purchase of restaurants, entertainment places, families, schools and units is slightly affected by seasonality.

2. Market analysis

Distinguish levels, on the basis of obtaining detailed survey data, choose the key points for analysis, and calculate the comprehensive index according to purchasing power, marketing ability, market potential and other factors, so as to really focus on the attack. For example, a survey conducted by Jinan Commercial Office found that there are more than 8,000 beverage outlets in the city. After analysis, 2500 were selected as the key points, and each salesman was responsible for the full attack. Determine the appropriate product appearance, that is, determine the attack mode. According to the different habits of different regions, different sales places and different consumers, choose to provide large bottles or small bottles, glass bottles or plastic bottles, bottles or cans, use on-site machines or equip frozen display cabinets.

3. Market segmentation

Potential and Reality According to the number of all sales points in the target market, population density, purchasing power level and other factors, calculate and list the maximum market potential of this product in each region; Now list the occupied sales points and sales volume one by one, and compare them. From the whole to each sub-region, we can clearly see the market development task.

After several years of development, it still affects the performance development of the western spring.

Third, the advertising target.

Product positioning

Coca-Cola is a carbonated beverage, and the publicity target of this beverage should be mainly avant-garde and fashionable young people, specifically, 15-30 years old. The competitor is Pepsi.

Potential consumer analysis

At this stage, priority should be given to the following objects:

(1) rebellious and avant-garde high school students.

(2) College students with partial income.

(3) Young business people

(4) Senior staff

5] public relations personnel.

[6] Urban self-employed persons

(7) Other people who have income and pursue fashion.

(8) People who come to China for tourism or business trip.

Fourth, the field of advertising

This advertisement will be carried out nationwide. From the market point of view, China is a country with a population of 654.38+0.6 billion, with great market consumption potential. From the perspective of seasons, the temperature in summer in China is generally high, and the demand for drinks in summer is strong. We strive to make spring in the western region the first choice for people in summer.

Verb (abbreviation of verb) advertising strategy

Sixth, advertising strategy.

Seven, advertising theme,

Theme is the soul of advertising. Advertising theme is the central idea put forward according to advertising objectives.

It spreads through advertising information.

Express the wishes of advertisers directly and clearly. therefore

Advertising Design, Creative Copywriting and Advertising Expression

Should be in line with the central idea of the theme.

Advertising theme is the core content of advertising planning. usually

Advertising target planning is the premise and foundation of establishing advertising target planning.

Advertising target planning is the basis of establishing advertising theme.

All three are aimed at promoting sales. There is a connection between them.

There are also differences.

Become an organic whole with mutual influence, interdependence and mutual restriction.

Creativity is to express the theme of advertising.

So establishing the theme is the basis of creativity.

Creativity is conception. Have a good idea

It is possible to advertise well.

So creativity is an important factor in the success of advertising planning.

Xiquan has a history of more than ten years. It has entered the market for a long time and has been accepted and recognized by people. Therefore, the propaganda of advertising language should tend to be emotional and emphasize its symbolic significance on the basis of functional appeal. Because the taste of spring in the west is refreshing and nutritious, advertisements should form their own characteristics of fashion and enthusiasm.

In addition, the formula of western spring is mysterious, so advertisements should highlight its unique flavor.

In a word, the general principle of advertising creation should be to emphasize the fashion, enthusiasm and distinctive features of goods and highlight the taste advantage.

Eight, advertising budget and advertising design and production

(A) advertising budget table

This table is the advertising budget, and all expenses will be based on it in the future, and there will be no big fluctuations. Finally, it will be solved by reimbursement.

(2) List of advertising design and production projects

Nine, advertising effect monitoring

If you agree to follow the advertising strategy and tactics of this plan.

It is expected that one of the tasks and objectives specified in this article can be achieved.

The following issues must be implemented as planned:

(1) advertising effect supervision;

(2) the management of advertising feedback;

(3) The advertising plan should be adjusted reasonably due to changes in circumstances;

(4) Regularly measure the advertising effect through questionnaires and symposiums.