Please tell me the difference between BSC and RNC in communication network, thank you!

BSC refers to Base Station Controller.

It is the connection point between the base transceiver station and the mobile switching center, and also provides an interface for the exchange of information between the base transceiver station (BTS) and the mobile switching center (MSC). A base station controller usually controls several base transceiver stations. Its main functions are to manage wireless channels, establish and tear down calls and communication links, and control the handover of mobile stations in the control area.

Generally consists of the following modules:

AM/CM module: the center of voice channel switching and information exchange.

BM module: completes call processing, signaling processing, wireless resource management, wireless link management and circuit maintenance functions.

TCSM module: completes the multiplexing, demultiplexing and code conversion functions.

For specific information, please refer to mobile communication related knowledge.

Base Station Controller (BSC): The BSC controls a group of base stations. Its task is to manage the wireless network, that is, to manage wireless cells and their wireless channels, the operation and maintenance of wireless equipment, the business processes of mobile stations, and Provides an interface between the base station and the MSC. Concentrate the wireless control functions on the BSC as much as possible to simplify the base station equipment. This is a feature of GSM. Its function list is as follows:

1. Monitoring and management of wireless base stations. RBS resources are controlled by the BSC. At the same time, through internal software testing and loop testing on the voice channel, the BSC can also monitor the performance of the RBS. . Ericsson's base stations use internal software testing and loop testing to monitor TRX on the voice channel. If a failure is detected, the RBS will be reconfigured and the backup TRX activated so that the original channel group remains unchanged.

2. For wireless resource management, the BSC configures service and control channels for each cell. In order to accurately perform reconfiguration, the BSC collects various statistical data. For example, the number of lost calls, successful and unsuccessful handovers, traffic volume per cell, wireless environment, etc. Special recording functions can track all events in the call process. These functions can detect network faults and faulty equipment.

3. Process the connection with the mobile station, be responsible for the establishment and release of the connection with the mobile station, and assign a logical channel to each voice channel. During the call, the BSC monitors the connection, the mobile station and the transceiver. Measure signal strength and voice quality, and transmit the measurement results back to the BSC. The BSC determines the transmit power of mobile stations and transceivers. Its purpose is to ensure good connection quality and minimize interference within the network.

4. Positioning and handover. Handover is controlled by BSC. The positioning function continuously analyzes the quality of voice connection, so that a decision can be made whether handover should be made. Handover can be divided into intra-BSC handover and intra-MSC handover. Handover between BSCs and handovers between MSCs. A special kind of handover is called intra-cell handover. When the BSC finds that the voice quality of a certain connection is too low and a better cell cannot be found in the measurement results, the BSC will switch the connection to another logical channel in the cell. Hopefully call quality improves. Handover can also be used to balance the load between cells. If the traffic volume in one cell is too high, and the traffic volume in adjacent cells is small and the signal quality is acceptable, some calls will be forcibly switched to other cells. .

5. Paging management, BSC is responsible for distributing paging messages from MSC. In this aspect, it is actually a special transparent channel between MSC and MS.

6. Management of the transmission network. The BSC configures, allocates and monitors the 64KBPS circuits with the RBS. It also directly controls the switching functions within the RBS. This switching function can effectively use 64K circuits.

7. Code conversion function, multiplexing four full-rate GSM channels into one 64K channel voice coding is completed in the BSC, and one PCM time slot can transmit 4 voice connections.

This function is implemented by TRAU.

8. Voice coding.

9. Operation and maintenance of BSS. BSC is responsible for the operation and maintenance of the entire BSS. Such as system data management, software installation, equipment blocking and unblocking, alarm processing, test data collection, and transceiver testing.

RnC Radio Network Controller Definition Radio Network Controller (RNC, Radio Network Controller) is a key network element in the emerging 3G network. It is an integral part of the access network and is used to provide mobility management, call processing, link management and handover mechanisms. To achieve these capabilities, the RNC must leverage exceptional reliability and predictable performance to perform a comprehensive set of complex and demanding protocol processing tasks at line speed. As an important part of the 3G network, the Radio Network Controller (RNC) is the focus of traffic aggregation, conversion, soft and hard call handoffs, and intelligent cell and packet processing. The high-level tasks of the Radio Network Controller (RNC) include 1) managing the wireless access carriers used to transmit user data; 2) managing and optimizing wireless network resources; 3) mobility control; and 4) wireless link maintenance. The radio network controller (RNC) has functions such as framing distribution and selection, encryption, decryption, error checking, monitoring, and status query. The Radio Network Controller (RNC) also provides bridging functionality for connecting to IP packet-switched networks. The Radio Network Controller (RNC) not only supports traditional ATM AAL2 (voice) and AAL5 (data) functions, but also supports IP over ATM (IPoATM) and Packet over SONET (POS) functions. The high growth rate of wireless users has put forward higher requirements for IP technology, which means that future platforms must be able to support both IPv4 and IPv6. The location of the RNC in a typical UMTS R99 network is shown in Figure 2. Note that actual network transmission will depend on the carrier. In R99, there is usually a SONET ring between the RNC and Node B, which functions as a metropolitan area network (MAN). Through the add-drop multiplexer (ADM), data streams can be extracted from or added to the SONET ring. This topology allows multiple RNCs to access multiple Node Bs to form a network with excellent flexibility.

RNC Network Interface Reference Points The Radio Network Controller (RNC) can connect to systems in the access and core networks using well-defined standard interface reference points described in Table 1. Because the RNC supports various interfaces and protocols, it can be regarded as a heterogeneous network device. It must be able to handle both voice and data traffic and route these traffic to different network elements in the core network. The radio network controller (RNC) must also be able to support IP interoperability with ATM and generate POS traffic to IP-only networks. Therefore, the RNC must be able to support a wide range of network I/O options while providing the computing and protocol processing required to normalize, transform and route different network traffic, all without causing call interruption and providing appropriate quality of service. . Interface Description

Lub Connects the Node B transceiver and the Radio Network Controller (RNC). This is typically accomplished via a T-1/E-1 link, which is typically centralized in a T-1/E-1 aggregator, providing traffic to the RNC via an OC-3 link.

Lur RNC-to-RNC connection for call handover, usually via OC-3 link.

lu-cs Core network interface between RNC and circuit-switched voice network. Typically implemented as an OC-12 rate link.

lu-ps The core network interface between the RNC and the packet-switched data network. Typically implemented as an OC-12 rate link.

Table 1. Interface Reference Points Radio Network Controller (RNC) Requirements Two technologies that help developers meet stringent Radio Network Controller (RNC) requirements are ATCA and Intel? IXP2XXX Network Processing device. The latter is based on Intel Internet Switching Architecture (Intel IXA) and Intel XScale? technology, designed to provide high performance and low power consumption. ATCAATCA is an industry program developed by the PCI Industrial Computer Manufacturers Association (PICMG). It is designed to meet the requirements of network equipment manufacturers for platform reuse, lower costs, faster time to market and diverse flexibility, as well as the requirements of operators and service providers for lower capital and operating expenses. ATCA meets these requirements by developing standard chassis form factors, internal chassis interconnects, and platform management interfaces suitable for high-performance, high-bandwidth computing and communications solutions. For more information about ATCA, please visit: http://www.picmg.org/newinitiative.stm. Intel IXP2XXX Network Processor The IXP2XXX network processor provides the flexibility to handle any protocol on any port; smooth migration capabilities from ATM to IP networks; wire-speed processing capabilities for customized operations; feature upgrades; and emerging standards support, etc. In addition, the combination of commercial ATCA subsystems and IXP2XXX network processors brings designers the opportunity to build radio network controllers (RNCs) using standard modular components. Potential benefits of such a design approach include increased system scalability and flexibility, further reducing costs while further shortening time to market. Creating a powerful radio network controller (RNC) data panel system

The above figure shows a method to create a powerful radio network controller (RNC) system using network processing chips from ATCA and Intel. Advanced Radio Network Controller (RNC) functionality can be zoned as described above, but other methods are also possible. This diagram is intended as a logical or conceptual example only and is not an illustration of an actual hardware configuration. At the data plane level, the design uses three basic types of cards. Radio Access Network (RAN) line cards, Core Network (CN) line cards and Radio Network Layer (RNL) cards. The Radio Network Layer (RNL) card supports the wireless network stack and performs decoding/encoding. Also included is a control and application card. Radio access network (RAN) line cards and core network (CN) line cards handle different network interface types mainly based on carrier needs. Typical interfaces include T-1/E-1 and OC-3. Designed with Intel IXP2XXX network processors, these cards support high-performance wire-speed transmission, switching and conversion functions such as ATM segmentation and reassembly (SAR), point-to-point (PPP) protocol processing, POS transmission, etc. Note: Line card functions can be co-located. A physical card can serve as Iub, Iur, lu-PS, and lu-CS logical interfaces. The radio network layer (RNL) card can also use high-performance IXP2XXX network processors to handle intensive protocol processing tasks in conjunction with 3G networks. These cards have no network interfaces to the outside but act as complex protocol processing engines for traffic incoming through the Radio Access Network (RAN) and Core Network (CN) line cards. The radio network layer (RNL) card must also be encrypted according to the 3GPP Kasumi encryption algorithm. The radio network layer (RNL) card is the most MIP-intensive component in the radio network controller (RNC) data plane, and its performance is key to determining overall system capacity and performance. System Performance To test the performance of ATCA form factor line cards with IXP2XXX network processors and radio network layer (RNL) cards, Intel created the Radio Network Controller (RNC) Data Plane Reference Platform.

Internal performance indicators are evaluated by using traffic models derived from UMTS Report No. 6 (UMTS Report No. 6, see http://www.umts-forum.org/servlet/dycon/ztumts/umts/Live/en/umts /Resources_Reports_06_index). This model is designed with a traffic load intended to represent a typical UMTS network in 2005. It mixes voice and data streams, the latter requiring 384 Kpbs of bandwidth per user. Using this traffic model, a radio network layer (RNL) card using the IXP2800 network processor can handle 72,000 users, resulting in a mixed load of 3,540 Erans of circuit-switched and packet-switched traffic. Using a low-demand traffic model consisting only of circuit-switched voice calls, the card can handle 180,000 users. Radio network layer (RNL) cards based on this design can be combined with line cards and other ATCA components to create extremely powerful and compact radio network controller (RNC) data plane systems. The system in Figure 5 shows a standard 19-inch ATCA rack with 14 card slots. One rack can handle the traffic of 500,000 users and supports a packet-switched data throughput rate of 555 Mbps. Numerous racks can be interconnected within a telecom rack, allowing for higher densities. The system in Figure 5 contains 12 cards, including spare cards, to provide carrier-grade reliability and stability. All line cards and radio network layer (RNL) cards use Intel IXP2XXX network processors to provide high-performance, wire-speed transmission, switching and protocol processing. The line cards have the capability to support all WAN interfaces, from T-1/E-1 to Synchronous Optical Network (SONET) and Gigabit Ethernet speeds. In this example system, the line cards are deployed in a 2+1 configuration: two active line cards and one standby line card. There are eight active OC-3 interfaces on the radio access network (RAN) side, and eight additional OC-3 interfaces for failover. There are also 2 active OC-12 core network interfaces and 2 backup interfaces. The line cards are compliant with the Synchronous Optical Network (SONET) Automatic Protection Switching (APS) standard for failover. The cards can be interconnected using an ATCA 3.1-compliant Ethernet switching fabric. Two Ethernet switch cards are included to support various connectivity options between the cards. A possible alternative design is to use an Ethernet switch as a mezzanine card between two radio network layer (RNL) cards. This design has the obvious advantage of freeing up two node slots for revenue-generating cards. Combining ATCA and IXP2XXX network processors can provide significant performance and cost savings compared to alternatives. Current radio network controller (RNC) designs typically require multiple racks of equipment to support user densities of 100,000 to 200,000. The example design can support 500,000 users from a single rack in a telecom rack, resulting in significant savings in power costs and central office floor space. Designing high-density, small-footprint Radio Network Controller (RNC) data panels Next-generation Radio Network Controllers (RNCs) are a key network element in emerging public wireless networks. As the industry's trend toward using standard and modular network elements becomes increasingly evident, traditional proprietary solutions for radio network controller (RNC) system design have begun to be replaced. By using ATCA and IXP2XXX network processors, system designers can combine industry-standard hardware with powerful, programmable network processing chips. The wireless network controller (RNC) data panel design based on these technologies only takes up a small system space and can achieve very high density

In general, BSC is the name for the current GSM network. RNC is the name for 3G networks, and it refers to the base station controller.