What is peer-to-peer text messaging? Thanks

Peer-to-peer SMS refers to the business form of sending and receiving text messages between mobile phones. The forms of point-to-point SMS include intra-network SMS, inter-network SMS, international SMS, etc. Abstractly speaking, the peer in peer-to-peer SMS is an independent user communication tool. This communication tool may be a mobile phone, a client software, or a PDA, etc. But no matter what the peer is, the most basic purpose of peer-to-peer SMS is Realizing mutual communication between two or more points is what people usually call chatting. The basic function of point-to-point SMS service is chatting. The business classification is divided into point-to-point chat, industry/enterprise applications (essentially point-to-multipoint), self-written SMS, inter-network interoperability, international interoperability, etc. As a new and relatively independent interaction mode, mobile phone text messaging has become another way for people to obtain information. With the deepening of SMS culture, point-to-point SMS has become one of the main ways for people to chat remotely. Point-to-point SMS combines the convenience, wide range of use, saveability and resendability of mobile phones, and at the same time is low in price and does not shut down. It has the advantages of losing information, etc. It is short and convenient, and can be said to be an "electronic note". Currently, SMS is the only service in GSM and CDMA networks that does not require the establishment of an end-to-end service path. Even if the mobile station is in full circuit communication, SMS transmission can still be performed. SMS communication is limited to one message, in other words, the transmission of a message constitutes a communication. Therefore, the service is asymmetric, and mobile-initiated short message transmission and mobile-terminated short message transmission are generally considered to be two different things. This does not prevent real-time conversations, but the system considers different messages to be independent of each other. The transmission of messages is always relayed by the Short Message Service Center (SMSC) outside GSM. The message has a destination or origin, but only with the user and It's about SMSC and not about other GSM infrastructure. The convenience and speed of point-to-point text messages are mainly reflected in the following aspects: from a communication perspective, communication means are more convenient and communication speed is accelerating. In fact, it also brings about an increase in communication frequency and expansion of communication content. The effect of communication can be fed back immediately. People have gone from talking about things in a few words in the past to exchanging jokes and exchanging opinions. They can communicate at any time, no matter how big or small the matter is. From the perspective of interpersonal communication, most well-known companies are using text messages to communicate with their members and customers in a timely manner, which helps to form a stronger communication relationship. Compared with traditional communication methods, the advantage of text messages is that they can be used at any time and at any place. , you can use any topic to start communication. It's more casual than talking on the phone and more mobile than chatting online. As a communication based on a wireless network, short message already has the unknown advantage of Internet communication: through wireless QQ or mobile SMS chat services opened on major websites, you can meet new friends under the premise of privacy. In the early days, point-to-point SMS was limited to the same operator's network. However, with the rapid development of point-to-point SMS services, the continuous growth of the number of users, and the dispersion of user groups among different operators, the exchange of SMS between different operators has become a problem. Put forward practical requirements, so each operator gradually reached an agreement to allow text messages to be interoperable between their respective systems. This is what people often call interoperable text messages. In 2002, China Mobile and China Unicom reached an agreement. The two major companies Achieve interconnection and interoperability of wireless SMS services across the country. The two competitors finally joined hands to overcome a hurdle in the history of China's telecommunications. This move caused their SMS business turnover to soar. From the perspective of user experience, there is no difference between the service implementation of interoperable point-to-point SMS and the implementation of point-to-point within the network. It is just that a module called an interoperability gateway is added between the systems of different operators to be responsible for the conversion of protocols. With the current value-added services With the diversified development, SMS interoperability has gradually developed into mobile-China Unicom interoperability, mobile phone-fixed line interoperability, mobile phone-PHS interoperability, domestic-international SMS interoperability, etc. Point-to-point SMS is implemented in a transactional manner, which is initiated by one user and successfully received by another user, which is a complete transaction. Simply put, if any part of the process fails, the entire part fails.

Figure 1.1 is an example of sending a text message. The father sends a text message. The information that needs to be entered includes the message content and the recipient number (in early mobile phones, the user also needs to set the SMS center number of the operator). The message is transmitted to the mobile phone through the communication network. On Xiaoqiang’s mobile phone. During the transmission process, the message can be stored and forwarded. When Xiaoqiang's mobile phone cannot receive it, the message can be temporarily stored; if the sending fails, the father will get a receipt of the sending failure; if Xiaoqiang receives the message, he can get the recipient's number and message content, so that a point-to-point transaction is completed. When Xiaoqiang replies to the text message, it is actually the beginning of another point-to-point transaction. Technically speaking, in peer-to-peer SMS transactions, message sending is divided into two categories: MO/MT. MO refers to the upward message, which is often referred to as sending messages, and MT refers to downward messages, which is commonly referred to as receiving messages. Figure 1.1 Point-to-point SMS example The point-to-point service processing flow is shown in Figure 1.2. When a user initiates a MO message to the SMS platform, the platform first authenticates the sender and receiver numbers, including the sender's fee status, receiver status, etc. If the sender is in arrears, delivery is prohibited; if the receiver is temporarily unable to receive, the message will be stored and forwarded; if the authentication conditions are met, the text message will be delivered. After the message is successfully delivered, a billing bill will be issued for the sender's number, and the deduction information will be sent to the accounting system, which will deduct fees from the user. In addition, the SMS system must provide users with complete customer services, including SMS value-added services to be mentioned later.