Suddenly received a short message notification that the fee deduction failed.

Yes, because it has reached your final repayment date, the deduction failed because the balance of your account associated with automatic repayment is insufficient, which means that you have not paid back the money, which will affect your credit history.

Go to the bank at once and deposit more money in the credit card, because the interest has already been generated. At the same time, call the bank to explain that you forgot, not maliciously, and ask them to forgive you, not that you are overdue.