The protection of historic buildings in Hangzhou entered 10, and 247 buildings were repaired.

The most beautiful season in Hangzhou is coming. Walking on the North Mountain Road, stepping on the golden leaves on the ground and visiting the old house of the Republic of China seems to take you through time and space.

These old houses bearing rich historical and cultural relics are not only listed as cultural relics protection buildings because of their high historical and cultural value, but also scattered and hidden in the corners of the city.

Hangzhou is picking them up bit by bit, just like those memories that are gradually blurred, and those homesickness that are cut forever.

Since the publication of the first batch of historic buildings in Hangzhou in 2004, the protection of historic buildings in Hangzhou has just entered the tenth year. In the past ten years, including Baoqing Villa, Runlu Road and West Road, 247 historical buildings and 26 historical and cultural blocks such as Xiaohezhi Street, Zhongshan South Road, Qiaoxi and Wuliu Lane have been protected and repaired.

A few days ago, the sixth batch of historical building protection plans officially began to be publicized. The content of this publicity is to determine the protection requirements and scope of historical buildings in this batch.

In the past ten years, Hangzhou has explored its own "Hangzhou model" in the protection and utilization of historical buildings.

Every historic building

Everyone has an "identity card"

These 53 public buildings are scattered on the streets of Hangzhou. Impressive in addition to some traditional houses, it also includes industrial relics and underground works, such as the mechanical repair workshop of Hangzhou Zhang Xiaoquan Scissors Factory, Building No.7041and civil air defense works.

If Hangzhou is compared to a history book, an old house is a volume. The profound history and rich life have been defiled by its bricks and tiles. In 20 13, the long-simmering Regulations on the Protection of Historical and Cultural Blocks and Historic Buildings in Hangzhou was officially implemented, and Hangzhou put up a big umbrella for historical and cultural blocks and historic buildings.

In the "Regulations", the most striking thing is the new "protection priority" policy, that is, in urban construction and old city reconstruction, as long as other buildings that may (suspected) have protection value are found, the relevant units or individuals should immediately take temporary protection measures and promptly notify the construction unit or owners and users. Suspend construction activities. It is included in the reserve list, and "protection first, demonstration later and orderly supplement" is implemented, and it is considered in advance in urban planning and construction projects, which changes the passive situation of "planning first and protection later".

"'protection first' means to use more power to supervise and prevent old houses and buildings from becoming victims of urban construction." Zhang Shuheng, a researcher at Zhejiang Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology, told reporters that many long-standing problems have been solved while protecting and maintaining.

In order to make the daily protection and repair of historical buildings more standardized, Hangzhou Historical Building Protection Center has also tailored their own "user manual"-a guide to the protection and use of historical buildings for each old house.

This year, the "Guidelines for the Protection and Utilization of Historic Buildings" for the first batch of 40 historic buildings was released. The guide is like an "identity card" of a historic building. It has a room and a book. In addition to marking the style and historical evolution of the building, it also explains the details of the parts and spaces that need to be protected in the building, even as small as a window and a fireplace. It provides an important basis for the protection and repair of historical buildings in the future.

Use new technology for maintenance.

The old house was covered with a heat-insulating and moisture-proof coat.

Go north along Huansha Road, cross Jiefang Road and walk less than150m. Turn right and you will reach the plain. This historic building complex, built in the 1920s, is a typical western-style two-story hutong building in the Republic of China. The towering arch entrance contrasts with the Shikumen building complex, showing a strong Republic of China style. In the first half of this year, the historic buildings in the plain were officially renovated.

Before the implementation of the renovation project, there were 1 19 households in the historical building complex. In the most dense 1 wall door, there are more than 20 households, and the smallest is only a few square meters. Due to the high residential density and high use intensity, there are a series of problems in the house, such as roof leakage, moldy deformation of wood structure, damaged facade and so on.

For the renovation project in the plain, technicians combined with the research topic of energy-saving renovation of old wooden structures and brick-wood structures in Zhejiang Province, conducted energy-saving renovation pilot projects at the entrance of two walls in the plain, namely 10 and 65438. 12.

"Just like the principle that popsicles don't melt in the popsicle car in winter, we also put on special thermal insulation and moisture-proof' coats' for the two pilot buildings in the plain from head to toe." Zhu Jiang, the person in charge of the energy-saving renovation project of historical buildings in the plain, took reporters to visit and explain one by one.

Plain roof, old foundation, simple structure. The ribs are covered with mats, and the mats are covered with tiles, which are not waterproof, windproof and dustproof. Now, the reconstructed roof has five layers of materials. Between the tile and the ceiling, a dustproof filter screen, a waterproof material layer and an insulation board are added. On the thermal insulation of the external wall of the building, the internal wall is painted with 2-3 cm thick thermal insulation layer.

Hangzhou model

Advocate the policy of "encouraging immigrants and allowing self-protection"

There are two major problems in the decoration.

The first problem is that it is difficult to combine the protection of historical buildings with the needs of modern use. On the one hand, according to the requirement of "authenticity" protection, historical buildings should not change their historical features in daily use. On the other hand, most historical buildings in Hangzhou are mainly made of wood, brick and wood structure, and their functional facilities are generally backward, so it is difficult to meet the needs of modern living.

The second problem is that it is difficult to unify the overall protection of historical buildings and the individual interests of residents. The ownership of historic buildings in Hangzhou is complex, and the phenomenon of "72 tenants" with single building, multiple households and mixed property rights is widespread. Residents' interests in conservation and restoration are varied.

Under such complicated circumstances, Hangzhou has established a model of "classified protection and comprehensive protection", organically combining the protection of historical buildings with the protection of the West Lake, the canal, the ruins of the Imperial City in the Southern Song Dynasty, the renovation of dilapidated houses and other municipal key projects, and implementing comprehensive protection and organic renewal: while repairing buildings and restoring historical features, supporting facilities such as kitchen and bathroom, sewage discharge and fire fighting are also reasonably added.

Considering that it is difficult to unify the overall protection of historical buildings with the individual interests of residents, Hangzhou took the lead in putting forward and implementing the policy of "encouraging relocation and allowing self-protection", allowing residents to choose different resettlement methods, giving certain rewards to those who choose monetary resettlement and relocation, implementing equal-area resettlement within the same relocation scope for those who choose to move back, allowing property owners to protect and repair themselves as planned, ensuring the reasonable choice of property owners, and exploring a protection road with Hangzhou characteristics.