What are the characteristics and significance of natural resource management?

Natural resources: all natural substances are discovered by human beings, put into the production process, or directly into the consumption process, become useful, or give people comfort, thus generating economic value to improve the current and future welfare of human beings. Natural resources, also known as natural resources, refer to valuable items in the original state. Generally speaking, if the main project of obtaining this kind of goods is collection and purification, rather than production, then this kind of goods is a natural resource. Mining, oil extraction, fishing and forestry are usually regarded as industries that acquire natural resources, while agriculture is not. Natural resources are natural wealth that becomes commodities. Natural resources can be divided into renewable resources and non-renewable resources. Generally speaking, biological resources are renewable resources (such as fish, coffee, forests, etc.). ), and if they are not exhausted by over-exploitation, their regeneration speed can be comparable to that of mining. Abiotic renewable resources include renewable energy such as soil, water, atmosphere, tide and solar energy.

Natural resources can be divided into renewable resources, renewable natural resources and non-renewable resources. Natural resources are characterized by availability, integrity, variability, uneven distribution of spatial natural resources and regionality. They are the material basis of human survival and development, the source of social material wealth and one of the important foundations of sustainable development. Natural resources can be divided into biological resources, agricultural resources, forest resources, land resources, mineral resources, marine resources and climate and meteorology.

Natural resources have the following characteristics:

1. finiteness

Refers to the quantity of resources, which contradicts the growing demand of human society, so we must emphasize the rational development, utilization and protection of resources;

2. Regionality

Refers to the uneven distribution of resources, with significant regional differences in quantity or quality and its special distribution law;

Step 3 be complete

The elements of natural resources in various regions are ecologically interrelated and form a whole, so comprehensive research and comprehensive development and utilization must be emphasized.

renewable

This kind of resources can be reused, such as climate resources (solar radiation, wind), water resources, geothermal resources (geothermal, hot springs), hydropower, tides and so on.

renewable

This kind of resources can grow, and its renewal speed is restricted by its own reproductive ability and natural environmental conditions. For example, biological resources are living organisms that can grow and reproduce, and their renewal speed depends on their own reproductive ability and external environmental conditions, so they should be developed and utilized in a planned and limited way.

non-renewable

Including geological resources and semi-geological resources. The former, such as metallic minerals, nonmetallic minerals, nuclear fuels, fossil fuels, etc. There are often millions of years of metallogenic cycles; The latter, such as soil resources, although its formation cycle is shorter than that of mineral resources, it is also very slow compared with the consumption rate. We should make comprehensive use of this natural resource as much as possible, and pay attention to saving and avoiding waste and destruction. Such resources have a long formation period or are non-renewable.

China attaches great importance to natural resources, and the laws promulgated in this regard include Forest Law, Grassland Law, Mineral Resources Law, Water Law and many other ministries and commissions. 1979. China passed the first environmental protection law-People's Republic of China (PRC) Environmental Protection Law (for Trial Implementation). 1In March, 1997, the revised Criminal Law of People's Republic of China (PRC) added the crime of damaging the protection of environmental resources. By the end of 1998, China had promulgated nine environmental-related resources laws. In addition, a system of paid use of natural resources has been established. A set of management measures taken by the state to charge a certain fee to units or individuals who develop and utilize natural resources. This is also the legal embodiment and confirmation of the value of natural resources. With the improvement of China's legal system, the concept that natural resources are valuable has been accepted by most economists and reflected in the economic policies and legislation of many countries. At the same time, a natural resources archive system and a natural resources licensing system have been established. That is, before engaging in the activities of developing and utilizing natural resources, the parties concerned must apply to the relevant administrative authorities, and after examination and approval, a set of management measures can be implemented for the activities. The development, utilization, import and export of natural resources have been standardized. Especially in terms of land resources, there is the Land Use Right Certificate; In terms of grassland resources, there are "grassland use warrants"; In terms of forest resources, there are forest cutting licenses and timber transportation licenses; In terms of mineral resources, there are mining licenses and exploration licenses; In terms of fishery resources, there are breeding licenses and fishing licenses; In terms of wildlife resources, there are special hunting and catching licenses, hunting license, domestication and breeding licenses, and import and export licenses; In terms of water resources, there are water permits and so on. All these are conducive to the effective supervision, management and protection of natural resources.

Many people call for the protection of the earth and natural resources. ......