What are the planting techniques for increasing garlic production and income?

In recent years, because the health care function of garlic has been gradually accepted by people, the area planted by farmers has also increased year after year, and the economic benefits of planting garlic are getting higher and higher. Of course, we need to adopt high-yield planting techniques to gradually increase garlic production. Next, the doctor of agriculture will introduce some high-yield cultivation techniques of garlic to you.

1. Prepare 1 Prepare soil and fertilize before sowing.

Garlic is more suitable for planting in loose and fertile sandy loam rich in organic matter, and avoid saline-alkali land and clay. Timely soil preparation in autumn, combined with soil preparation and application of foot fertilizer. Apply 5000 kg of decomposed high-quality farm manure and diammonium phosphate 10 kg to an acre of land.

2. Selection of garlic and seeds

When sowing and distributing garlic, garlic cloves with white color, large terminal buds and no disease or damage should be selected, and rotten roots, broken buds and rotten garlic cloves should be eliminated. Subsequently, effective grading, sowing in batches, peeling and rooting were carried out according to large, medium and small size to promote garlic germination and root growth. If it is purple garlic, it is recommended to peel the garlic cloves and prepare for sowing.

Second, the suitable sowing date is 1.

Garlic sown in spring is based on soil thawing and can be sown by topping. Garlic can germinate at 3-5 degrees, so there is a saying in agricultural proverbs that "plant early, harvest well, plant late, and stare empty" According to the climatic conditions in the northern region, garlic planting time should start from the end of March to the end of April.

2. Broadcasting method

The sowing methods of garlic can be divided into wet sowing and dry sowing, and both dry sowing and wet sowing can be used in spring. When sowing, the soil moisture should be good and keep the soil moist.

3. Density

When planting garlic in spring, the ridge spacing is 65-70 cm, with two rows on the ridge, the row spacing is 20-25 cm, the plant spacing is kept at 5.5 cm, and 30,000-40,000 plants are protected in one acre. The ridge spacing of the small ridge is 35 cm, with a single row on the ridge and a plant spacing of 5.5 cm. There are 3 per mu of cultivated land. 50,000 seedlings.

4. Sowing depth

Garlic is more suitable for shallow planting, the suitable depth of ridge planting is 3-5 cm, and the sowing depth should be consistent.

Fertilization management skills of garlic in the whole growth period 1, garlic basic fertilizer management-full application

The common fertilizers used to apply base fertilizer to garlic mainly include farm manure or organic fertilizer, NPK compound fertilizer, urea, calcium superphosphate, potassium sulfate and so on. It is suggested to apply base fertilizer twice, half during ploughing and soil preparation, and the other half along the sowing ditch when sowing garlic. When applying base fertilizer to garlic, it should be noted that the fertilizer should be evenly mixed with the soil before being applied to the field. Fertilization depth is about 20-30 cm when preparing soil, and about 6- 10 cm when sowing.

Under normal circumstances, the base fertilizer of garlic can be combined with 4000-5000 kg of decomposed farm manure, 40-50 kg of calcium superphosphate and 20-25 kg of potassium sulfate per mu, or 4000-5000 kg of decomposed farm manure+40-50 kg of ternary compound fertilizer of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium per mu, which can be applied sparingly to plots with high soil fertility.

In addition, garlic farmers in many areas often plant garlic in the second year, and garlic continuous cropping is very likely to cause soil obstacles to crops, such as rotten seeds, rotten roots and dead seedlings, such as the increase of soil-borne diseases and insect pests (such as garlic maggots). ). Therefore, for garlic planting areas that have to be replanted, it is recommended that you apply some microbial fertilizers (or spray the roots of garlic seedlings with microbial agents) when planting garlic. In order to achieve the purpose of bacteriostasis and disease prevention, improve soil environment and protect garlic root system, under normal circumstances, the dosage of microbial fertilizer applied per mu of garlic is about 80- 100 kg.

2. Top dressing management of garlic-light, early, skillful and sufficient.

Garlic topdressing generally needs to be carried out in stages, which is usually about 2-3 times under normal circumstances. The most suitable topdressing period of garlic mainly includes topdressing at seedling stage (promoting seedling fertilizer), topdressing before overwintering (winter fertilizer or wax fertilizer), topdressing at green turning stage (promoting green at seedling stage), promoting bolting fertilizer (promoting garlic bolting growth) and strengthening garlic fertilizer (promoting garlic expansion). For example, a strong seedling can save seedling-promoting fertilizer, and a garlic seedling-promoting fertilizer does not need overwintering fertilizer. In garlic fields with good growth in the green period after applying overwintering fertilizer, the green fertilizer can be postponed until one-time topdressing is combined with topdressing. And the specific fertilization situation should be flexibly adjusted.