Overview of decorative materials

The choice of decorative materials needs many considerations, among which the following aspects can not be ignored: 1. As long as it meets the requirements of indoor environmental protection, interior decoration materials should be used indoors, so special attention should be paid to the radioactivity and volatility of materials to avoid harm to human body. 2. Should meet the requirements of decorative function. 3. Should conform to the overall design concept. 4. It should meet the economic conditions.

The development trend of decorative materials is 1, which tends to be harmless. 2. It is often a composite material. 3, tend to finished products and semi-finished products.

Classification of decorative materials:

Decorative materials are divided into two parts: outdoor materials and indoor materials.

Indoor materials are divided into solid materials, plates, sheets, profiles and wires. Real wood, that is, logs, mainly refers to logs and rules made of logs. Commonly used logs are Chinese fir, Korean pine, elm, Fraxinus mandshurica, camphor tree and basswood, and more valuable logs are rosewood, beech and oak. The wood used in the decoration is mainly Chinese fir, and other wood is mainly used to support furniture and carving accessories. In the decoration budget, the solid material is a cube. The board is mainly made of various kinds of wood or gypsum, and the unified specification is 1220mm× 240mm. The common ones are fire-proof gypsum board (different thickness), three plywood (3 mm thick), five plywood (5 mm thick), nine plywood (9 mm thick), particleboard (different thickness), composite board (20 mm thick), and then colored boards, such as Fraxinus mandshurica, pear board, birch board, snow pine king, Polaroid board, etc., all with a thickness of 3. In the decoration budget, the plates are divided into blocks. The board is mainly made of stone, ceramics, wood and bamboo. Stone is mainly marble and granite, with a thickness of 15-20 mm, with many varieties and colors. Ceramic processed products, that is, our common floor tiles and wall tiles, can be divided into six types: first, glazed tiles with smooth and shiny surfaces and diverse colors; Second, wear-resistant tiles, also known as glass tiles, are non-slip and not glazed; Third, imitation marble mirror tiles, also known as polished tiles, are smooth and shiny; The fourth type is non-slip brick, also called whole brick, dark red with plaid; The fifth is mosaic; Sixth, wall tiles are basically white or with light flowers. There are also many kinds of ground materials for wood processing, and the price depends on the materials. Its main materials are: pear wood, camphor wood, oak wood, cherry wood, basswood, beech wood, oak, teak and so on. In the decoration budget, the board is in square meters. Profiles are mainly steel, aluminum alloy and plastic products. Its uniform length is 4 meters or 6 meters. Steel is mainly used for decoration, such as angle steel, round steel, flat iron, flat pipe and square pipe. , suitable for making anti-theft doors and windows and modeling fences and iron flowers. The aluminum material is mainly gusset plate, with the width of 100 mm, and the surface treatment is baking paint, and the colors are dividend, yellow, blue, green and white. There are two main colors of aluminum alloy, one is silvery white and the other is brown, but now there are colored aluminum alloys, which are mainly used for doors and windows. The width of aluminum alloy gusset plate is 1 10 mm, and it is also used for the ceiling of bathroom and kitchen in home decoration. The width of the plastic gusset plate is 160, 180, 200mm, with various colors, such as wood grain and light flowers, and the background color is light. At present, the decoration materials developed by plastics include supporting wallboard, skirting board, door panel, door cover, window cover, corner line and skirting line. , and the variety is complete. In the maintenance budget, the profile is based on the root. Wire mainly refers to products processed from wood, gypsum or metal. There are many kinds of wood threads with different lengths, mainly pine, phoenix tree, basswood and beech. Its varieties are: nail line (semicircle with edge), semicircle line, outer corner line, inner corner line, dado line and skirting line, and the better materials are basswood, beech and carved line. The width is as small as 10 mm (nail line) and as large as 120 mm (skirting line and corner line). Gypsum lines are divided into two types: flat lines and angular lines. They are cast and generally have European patterns. Cross-braced flowers, about 5 cm wide, with different sizes of horn flowers; Corner lines are generally used to distinguish between corners and ceilings, with different sizes and various types. In addition, there are grooves and corner lines made of stainless steel and titanium plates, with a length of 2.4 meters. In the decoration budget, the wire rod is in meters. Followed by wall or top surface treatment materials, including 308 paint, 888 paint, latex paint and so on. Then soft packaging materials, all kinds of decorative cloth, flannel, curtain cloth, sponge and so on. There are also various wallpapers, each with a width of 540 mm and a length of10m, with many colors and varieties. Then paint. Paints are divided into colored paints and colorless paints. Colored paints include various phenolic paints and polyurethane paints. Colorless paints include phenolic varnish, polyurethane varnish, matte varnish, etc. In the decoration budget, paint, soft bags, wallpaper and paint are all in square meters, and paint is also in barrels.

Classification of home improvement materials

General home decoration materials can be divided into five categories: wall materials, floor materials, decorative lines, top materials and fasteners, connectors and adhesives.

I. Wall Materials and Their Selection

Commonly used wall materials include latex paint, wallpaper, wall tiles, coatings, decorative boards, wall covering, wall mats, etc. 1, wallpaper

The wallpaper on the market is mainly plastic wallpaper, and its biggest advantage is that the color, pattern and texture change endlessly, which is far richer than paint.

When purchasing wallpaper, we mainly choose its patterns and colors, and pay attention to the combination of color patterns when paving, so as to achieve the unity of overall style and color.

2. Coating

Commonly used coatings for home decoration mainly include the following categories:

(1) Low-grade water-soluble coatings: Common coatings are 106 and 803.

(2) Latex paint: Nippon paint, which is common in the market at present, is divided into two grades. High-end products include Sideli (Nippon Paint), imported ICI (Dulux) and imported GPM master latex paint. This paint is characterized by mercerization and looks like satin. Usually you have to brush it twice. Low-grade paints include Meishili and Li Shishi. These paints can be applied directly without primer. Nippon paint has strong hiding power, soft and lasting color, easy construction and washability. The choice of Nippon paint can be based on personal preference, room light, area size and other factors.

(3) color spraying: color spraying is dispersed in water in the form of oil in water. A spray can form colorful patterns, elegant and three-dimensional. The coating has good oil and alkali resistance and can be washed.

(4) Paste interior wall paint (imitation porcelain paint): Imitation porcelain paint has the advantages of fine and smooth surface like porcelain, non-powdering, non-toxic, tasteless, good air permeability and low price. But the temperature resistance and scrubbing resistance are poor.

glue together

Interior wall decoration materials include all kinds of parapets, wood panels or cover panels, and the materials used are plywood, plastic plates, aluminum alloy plates, stainless steel plates, plastic plated plates, galvanized plates, enamel plates, etc. Plywood is the main type of interior wall decoration, which can be divided into three-layer plywood and five-layer plywood. According to its tree species, it can be divided into Fraxinus mandshurica, beech, nanmu and teak.

Interior wallboard is also becoming popular and natural now.

Wall covering (wallpaper): Non-woven wall cloth and glass fiber wall covering are commonly used.

Wall tiles: In home decoration, ceramic products are often used to decorate walls, floors and cabinets. Ceramic products have low water absorption, strong corrosion resistance and aging resistance. There are many kinds of ceramic tiles, such as glazed tiles, variegated glazed tiles, white patterned tiles, whole-body tiles, etc.

Second, the ground materials

Floor materials generally include: solid wood floor, composite wood floor, natural stone, artificial stone floor tile, carpet made of textile products, artificial product floor (plastic). 1 solid wood floor

Solid wood flooring is a floor decoration material made by drying wood. It has the characteristics of natural pattern, good foot feeling, simple construction, safe use and good decorative effect.

2. Composite floor

The composite floor is made of logs which are crushed, filled with adhesives and anti-corrosion materials, and then processed into profiles for floor paving.

3. Solid wood composite floor

Solid wood composite floor is a new type of floor between solid wood floor and laminate floor. It not only has the natural arts and sciences, texture and elasticity of the solid wood floor, but also has the advantages of strengthening the deformation resistance and easy cleaning of the floor.

4. Floor tiles

Floor tile is one of the main floor materials, and its varieties are brick, glazed tile, polished brick, infiltrated brick and infiltrated polished brick. It is characterized by solid texture, heat resistance, wear resistance, acid resistance, alkali resistance, impermeability, easy cleaning, low water absorption, many color patterns and good decorative effect.

5, stone plate

Stone plate is a plate-like decorative surface material made of natural rocks through cutting, sawing and polishing. Stone board has the characteristics of compact structure and high strength, and has strong moisture resistance and weather resistance.

6. Carpet

The carpet is soft and thick, elastic and has good sound and heat insulation effect.

Third, the decorative wire board

Decorative line board includes cornice line foot, hanging mirror line, skirting board and partition board.

Cornice toe

At the joint between the wall and the ceiling, the decorative cornice has the function of transition and connection.

Picture rail/pole

The mirror hanging line not only has the function of hanging pictures and glass strips, but also has the same function as the cornice line foot.

skirting

One skirting board is installed to protect the wall, and the other is for decoration, which separates the ground from the wall and makes the whole room transparent and full of three-dimensional sense.

panel

The partition is to protect the wall, prevent the wall from being polluted, and at the same time make the wall look more layered and the enclosure atmosphere stronger. Partitions should be installed in the living room and dining room.

Fourth, the top materials.

Commonly used ceiling materials are: wood plywood, paper gypsum board, decorative gypsum board, plastic gusset plate, drilled gusset plate and plastic organic transparent plate.

Its function is mainly used for:

Insulation and cooling.

Cover up the shortcomings of the original ceiling.

So as to achieve decorative effect and contrast atmosphere.

In the bathroom, prevent steam from invading the ceiling and conceal the upper and lower water pipes.

1, PVC ceiling

PVC ceiling is made of PVC as raw material, assembled into a frame by extrusion, and then matched with glass. It has the characteristics of light weight, wear resistance, aging resistance, good heat and sound insulation, heat preservation and moisture prevention, moth prevention and fire prevention. Mainly suitable for kitchens and bathrooms.

When purchasing PVC materials, we should choose products produced by manufacturers with good equipment conditions and guaranteed quality.

2, gypsum board hanging board

Gypsum ceiling decorative board is a new type of ceiling decorative material, which is widely used in home decoration in China.

The main functions are:

Moisture-proof gypsum decorative board is especially suitable for ceiling decoration in bathroom and kitchen.

Sound-absorbing gypsum decorative board has strong anti-noise function.

The composite gypsum decorative board has the functions of heat preservation, heat insulation and decoration.

Gypsum board has a wide range of uses and strong decorative effect, and is suitable for the ceiling of living room and living room.

3. Mineral wool board

As a new type of ceiling decoration material, mineral wool board has excellent sound absorption performance, which can control and adjust reverberation time, improve indoor sound quality, improve indoor sound quality and reduce noise. At the same time, it has excellent fire resistance, portability, aesthetics and thermal insulation.

4, decorative lamps and lanterns

Indoor lamps can be divided into fixed form and mobile form according to fixed form; According to the installation position, it can be divided into ceiling lamp, wall lamp, floor lamp and table lamp. Ceiling lamps can be divided into ceiling lamps, decorative chandeliers, crystal lamps, spotlights and mahjong lamps.

Selection of home improvement materials

1, floor material: floor (solid wood floor accounts for 70% (mainly ash, teak, oak, maple, etc.). ), composite floor), carpet (wool accounts for more than half, acrylic accounts for 1/4, and the rest is cotton silk carpet), marble, PVC floor tile, floor tile and granite.

2. Wall materials: paint (more than 80% is medium and high grade), wallpaper and board.

3. Wood: Fraxinus mandshurica, beech, Lu 'an and teak account for more than 70%, and the rest are oak, pine and white pine.

4. Bathroom: 80% of the joint venture products are around 3,000 yuan, and 10% is high-grade and low-grade.

5. Kitchen countertop material: 70% marble, 15% ceramic tile and 15% stainless steel.

6. Door and window materials: 50% aluminum alloy material, 25% wood material and 25% plastic steel material.

7, kitchen equipment: buy ready-made modular cabinets and cooking tables and homemade half.

8. Decorative lines: wood lines account for more than 70%, and the rest are gypsum strips and plastic strips.

9. Nozzle: 30% pays attention to style and practicality, and 20% pays attention to brand and price.

Economic and reasonable material selection

The choice of decorative materials needs many considerations, among which the following aspects can not be ignored: 1. As long as it meets the requirements of indoor environmental protection, interior decoration materials should be used indoors, so special attention should be paid to the radioactivity and volatility of materials to avoid harm to human body. 2. Should meet the requirements of decorative function. In family decoration, the porch and living room are generally made of marble, and the living room, bedroom and other public areas are made of wood floors. The kitchen, bathroom, balcony and other public areas can be made of floor tiles, wall tiles and whole-body bricks. Its advantages are easy cleaning, and carpets are more suitable for bedrooms and children's rooms. 3. Should conform to the overall design concept. Only by determining your overall thinking, ideas and hobbies can designers make designs that meet your own wishes and choose satisfactory decorative materials when purchasing materials. 4. It should meet the economic conditions. Mainly consider the one-time investment ability and purchase ideal materials within the budget.

Simple decoration material selection (1) room and hall: floor or floor tile, wall wallpaper. Paint the ceiling or stick top paper, make top corner lines, plastering lines and skirting lines, install straight plastic curtain boxes, bury wires, and install plane switches and sockets. (2) Toilet: sealing pipes, changing concealed pipes, laying floor tiles, sticking walls, hanging ceilings, installing wash basins and spraying bath facilities. (3) Kitchen: floor tiles, wall tiles, concealed pipes, water heaters, range hoods, as well as the original operating table and the original cooker rack. Balcony decoration and large indoor furnishings are not included. This decoration is about 200 ~ 400 yuan per square meter.

General decoration and material selection (1) room and hall: floor or ceramic mosaic, wall painting, wallboard and ceiling installation, gypsum board and plaster line curtain box installation in paint spraying, wire burying, plane switch and socket installation, track pipe spotlight rack installation, double window structure transformation, wooden door transformation into synthetic leather or wooden panel mosaic door, and wooden hanging mirror line installation. (2) Toilet: sealing pipes, changing concealed pipes, installing towel racks, mirror tables, dressing tables, laying floor tiles, sticking ceramic tiles on the walls, installing colored ceramic face protection and moisture-proof lamps, electric heaters and exhaust fans. (3) Kitchen: floor tiles, wall tiles, concealed pipes, water heaters, range hoods, stainless steel cookers, modified operating table or cooker cabinets, wardrobes, exhaust fans, furniture and partition cabinets. (4) Balcony: the ground is paved with cylindrical bricks, decorated with guardrails and sealed with windows.

Selection of luxury decoration materials (1) Rooms and halls: high-grade wooden split floor or full wool carpet, imported wall covering with wall, suspended ceiling, light steel gypsum board with dragon skeleton, wood hanging wire, gypsum curtain box, wooden dado, buried wire, sheath tube, plane switch, socket, wall lamp holder, chandelier, aluminum alloy double window and aluminum alloy partition. (2) Toilet: sealed and rated, with concealed pipes, glazed ceramic walls, mosaic floor, colored ceramic concave column foot washbasin, colored ceramic bathtub, sitting toilet, ventilation facilities, stainless steel towel rack, slipper rack, mirror dresser, soap basin, paper roll box, moisture-proof lamp, painted water-absorbing ceiling, shower or aluminum alloy door of shower room. (3) Kitchen: white glazed tiles are pasted on the wall, red cylindrical tiles are laid on the ground, and marble operating table, aluminum alloy shelf wardrobe, multi-eye gas stove box, water heater, dirt bucket, stainless steel sink, dishwasher, moisture-proof lamp, range hood, exhaust fan, kitchen cabinet, chrome-plated faucet, aluminum alloy partition, PS glass door, aluminum alloy doors and windows, sideboard and metal mesh cooker hanging plate are installed. Balcony and kitchen are uniformly decorated.