Appreciation of Tang Poetry of Paradise Song

Du Fu

It is pleasant to visit this ancient garden.

Tobacco, cotton and green grass are growing.

Son Hua Yan has the most potential,

Qinchuan knows all about wine.

Longevity wooden spoon shows the true rate,

More pommel horse carnival awards.

Youth wave hibiscus garden,

During the day, thunder caught the city.

The sun is shining and swaying,

Qujiang cuimu typesetting sheet.

Swing, low waist dance, sleeve flip,

The edge of the cloud is clear.

But I remember every year when people get drunk,

I was sad before I got drunk.

Count your gray hair and throw it away?

I am willing to pay a fine of 100 pounds.

The holy court also knows the ugliness of the humble,

Everything stems from the kindness of the emperor.

This body has nowhere to go after drinking.

Independent and broad, self-singing and self-poetry.

Distinguish and appreciate

There is a note under the title of this poem: "On a dark day, the long history of Helan Poplar was drunk." Paradise, located in the southeast suburb of Chang 'an, was built by Emperor Xuandi of the Han Dynasty. It is spacious and spacious here. In the Tang Dynasty, ladies and gentlemen came here to climb mountains and have fun on the afterglow of the full moon on March 3 and September 9, making it a tourist attraction in Kyoto.

Dark day, the last day of every month. This poem was written before the dedication of Du Fu in Tianbao Decade (75 1). At this time, the poet was in Chang 'an, and his life was difficult. Therefore, Shi Yang, the chief of Helan, invited him to have a banquet and drink. He took the opportunity to write "Paradise Song", expressing his infinite feelings of being suppressed in his chest.

The first 12 sentence of the poem describes the music garden banquet and the scenery inside and outside the garden with rhyme. The title is "Music in the Garden", and the poem begins with "Ancient Garden Music", which is logical. "Wonderful", the Millennium Qiao Musen in the ancient garden, towering and sparse, refreshing. I, originally referring to the shape of mountains, here refers to towering trees. "Tobacco cotton" smells like smoke. The grass is lush and smoky, which means green grass, vast land and sparsely populated. These two sentences are close-ups of the garden. "Childe Hua Yan is the most powerful, and Qinchuan knows all about wine", childe, namely Zhang Changshi; The banquet is located in the highest place in Leyuan Scenic Area, so between banquets, you can look at Qinchuan from a distance as the apple of your eye. These two sentences not only describe the ancient wine garden in Zhang Changshi, but also describe the prospect. The word "longevity wooden ladle" refers to the host entertaining guests with longevity wooden ladle at the banquet to show sincerity and frankness; After the banquet, the host adjusted the pommel horse to let the guests enjoy riding. The above six sentences begin with Yang Changshi's Garden Party. Le Garden has a higher terrain. People can watch the beautiful scenery in the distance while drinking, and travel around the ancient garden by horse, and have a panoramic view of Qinchuan and the nearby Furong Garden and Qujiang. Therefore, the six sentences in "Youth Wave" describe the scene outside the Music Garden. Furong Garden and Qujiang are also scenic spots in the southeast suburb of Chang 'an. In the Kaiyuan era, Xuanzong built a city and took it directly from Daming Palace. There is a pond in the lotus garden, which is called the lotus pond. The spring is bright and the water is rippling, so it is called "the lotus garden of youth". "Daylight Thunder Fighting in the City" describes that when Xuanzong left the palace, the ceremonial procession marched in the city, advocating sound, such as daytime thunder. "The sun is swaying, and Qujiang Cuimu is on the silver list", describing Xuanzong's trip to Qujiang.

Harmony, Tianmen, here refers to the gate of Qujiang Palace, swinging around and describing it as spacious.

Xuanzong and the nobles of the governor set up luxurious curtains and hung silver lists everywhere in Qujiang Head. The two sentences "splashing water" and "edge cloud" respectively describe the grand occasion of singing and dancing, with the sleeves turned sharply and the water brushed low; The curved clouds are straight.

In the middle of Tianbao, Yang's sisters won the favor of Xuanzong, and often lived a luxurious and dissolute life. Du Fu was very dissatisfied with this phenomenon. This poem describes the poet looking down from the height of the Happy Garden and seeing Xuanzong visiting Qujiang and Furong Garden. The poem is very vague, and Xuanzong and Zhu Yang are not pointed out, but the meaning between the lines is self-evident. Therefore, Pu Yin Long commented on this poem and said, "Six sentences of youth can be read in one breath. Although I have traveled for a long time, I really feel something.

At that time, young people were spoiled, swinging was forbidden in the palace, horses were stuffed and curtains were covered by clouds. Reading this is like seeing it with your own eyes. "(Reading Interpretation) The first paragraph of this poem is written from Leyou Ancient Garden to Qujiang and Furong Garden, and from scenery to current affairs, which not only broadens the scope of scenery description, but also expands the poetic pen from natural scenery to social life, paving the way for the next paragraph to express feelings.

In the last eight sentences of the poem, I pay tribute to drinking, sighing for old age first, and then feeling unfortunate. I write about the sadness of the times from the feeling of life experience and deduce the topic of "being drunk". Facing the joyful and extravagant life of Xuanzong and his nobles, the poet felt political darkness, social chaos and poverty, and he was already the boss. He sang a sad song "But he remembered that when people get drunk every year, he is sad before he gets drunk".

It is better to be sad before getting drunk than to get rid of sadness by getting drunk. The sentence "It doesn't matter if you drink too much" profoundly shows this psychological state. In the last four sentences, I lamented the evening curtain, and then I lamented my brilliant experience. "The Holy Dynasty also knows the ugliness of the lower class," said Du Fu, the lower class. The poem uses the meaning of The Analects of Confucius, which means that I have been poor for a long time in this sacred dynasty, which shows that I am ugly, incompetent and deeply ashamed. Language contains irony and unused talent. Sadness and anger are mixed. Everything comes from the kindness of the Dutch emperor. Fortunately, thanks to the kindness of the Dutch emperor, you can borrow something from the cup to drown your sorrows. One thing refers to wine, to borrow Tao Yuanming's Poems of Responsibility: "Let's drink". In the second half of this poem, there are four turns, and the wine is written together, which echoes the inscription "drunk". At the end of the article, I responded to the garden party in the previous paragraph, "I have nowhere to go after drinking, I am alone, and I sing my own peace."

After Yang Changshi's banquet, the gentlemen left the paradise drunk on horseback, and only the poet stood in the garden, full of thoughts, and sang this poem in the face of boundless twilight. The whole poem is "emotional", containing multi-level feelings, sometimes lamenting the passage of time, sometimes grieving over long-term poverty, and sometimes worrying about the chaos of the world. So Liu Chenweng read the end of this poem and said, "Every time I recite this knot, it is not worthy." ("Notes on Xu Xi's Comments on Du Gongbu's Collection") I am very willing to comment.

The poet's artistic imagination developed and germinated along the idea of "feeling at a banquet". The whole poem consists of two parts: "Garden Banquet and Landscape" and "Paying homage with wine", which conforms to the artistic conception law of improvisation. There is a strong sense of hierarchy in scenery description and emotional expression, and the tacit cooperation between poetic style segmentation and poetic rhyme transformation forms the obvious characteristics of this poem's neat and progressive artistic structure. The whole poem is magnificent and profound, and it is linked with the national events favored by aristocratic relatives, from personal experience to world sigh.