Who can tell me something about Qi Huangong before he became the overlord? What about their families?

Jiang (? -before 643)

(ruled from 685 BC to 643 BC) was the earliest. He appointed Guan Zhong (? -645 years ago) as a minister, he carried out political, military and economic reforms and advocated "respecting the king and rejecting foreign countries", thus making Qi, which is close to the East China Sea, a big country. Qi Huangong once made a northern expedition to save Yan, pacify the emperor to save Xing and Wei, solve the disaster of the royal family, and set the position of King Xiang of Zhou. Especially in 656 BC, he led the armies of eight countries, including Lu and Song, to conquer the "Chu people" in the south, forcing Chu to form an alliance in Zhaoling (now northeast of Yancheng, Henan Province), blocking its northward advance and establishing its hegemonic position.

In 65 1 year BC, Lu, Song, Zheng, Wei, Xu and Cao joined the League. And Zhou also sent someone there. Generally speaking, Qi Huangong ruled for 43 years, and he made peace with all the rulers 26 times. Guan Zhong contributed a lot to Qi Huangong's hegemony, and Confucius especially praised him for his proposition of "respecting the king and rejecting foreign countries": "Guan Zhong is like a duke, dominating princes and conquering the world, and the people are blessed in Monta today. Wei Guanzhong, I am left-handed! " After Qi Huangong's death, civil strife occurred and the national strength was greatly reduced.

Introduce in detail.

Qi Huangong (? During the Spring and Autumn Period, there was a monarch named Jiang in the State of Qi. After his brother Xiang Gong was killed, he returned to China from Ju and acceded to the throne. Reform the appointment of Guan Zhong, select and appoint talents, strengthen military equipment and develop production. Call for "respecting the king and rejecting the foreign countries", help Yan defeat the northern army, save Xing and Wei, stop Di people from attacking the Central Plains, and make the national strength strong. Cai, an ally of the Central Plains countries who attacked Chu, joined forces with Chu in Zhaoling (now northeast of Yancheng, Henan). He also put down the civil strife of the royal family in the Zhou Dynasty, and joined the princes many times, becoming the first of the five tyrants in the Spring and Autumn Period.

succeed to the throne

In Qi Xianggong, the national government is in chaos. Xiaobai's master Bao foresaw that the state of Qi would be in chaos, so the protection fled to Ju. In the 12th year of "xianggong" (686 BC), Gongsun killed Qi Xianggong in ignorance and made himself king. The following year, Yonglin people killed ignorance. At that time, Qi was in chaos and there was no monarch. Xiao Bai and Qi Zhengqing Gao Xi have been lovers since childhood. As soon as they heard that Yonglin people had killed ignorance, they secretly called back from Juzhou and Guo's family. When Lu heard that the ignorant man was killed, he sent troops to send his younger brother Gong Zijiu back to China, and sent Guan Zhong to block the road from Ju to Qi. Guan Zhong shot an arrow with a small white belt hook. Pretending to fall to the ground and die, Guan Zhong sent someone back to Lu to report the good news. Lu then slowly sent Gong Zijiu home, and it took six days to arrive. At this time, Xiao Bai has returned to Qi, and Gao Xi named him the monarch. It's for Huan Gong.

At that time, Huan Gong was shot to death with a hook, pretending to be dead and confusing Guan Zhong. Hiding in the caravan, he returned to Qi country day and night, and became a monarch with the support of Qi aristocratic country and Gaos thought. Duke Huan sent troops to meet Lu, and when he fought (now Huantai), the army of Lu was defeated. Bao wrote a letter to Lu Hou, which said, "Gong Zijiu is his younger brother, and he couldn't bear to kill him. Ask Lu to kill him himself. Gong Zijiu's teacher and Guan Zhong were enemies, so he asked Lu to send them and chop them up. If you don't obey, you will send troops to crusade against Lu. " The people of Lu were afraid, so they killed Gong Zijiu, summoned him to commit suicide, and put Guan Zhong in prison. When Huan Gong wanted to kill Guan Zhong, Bao advised him, "I was lucky to follow the monarch, and now he has become a monarch. If the monarch only wants to govern Qi, it is enough to have uncles and high teeth. If the monarch wants to gain the hegemony of the world, then he must be in charge of the world. Where Guan Zhong goes, which country is strong and cannot lose him. " Duke Huan took his advice, pretended to kill an enemy and took Guan Zhong to Qi. Huan Gong and Guan Zhong talked about the skill of overlord, and were overjoyed. They accepted him as a doctor and entrusted him with political affairs.

reform

Qi Huangong appointed Guan Zhong for reform, when Qi ruled the country.

Political affairs

The way to divide the country from the wild is that all countries are countries and all other places are wild. There are 2 1 townships in China, including 6 industrial and commercial townships and 5 scholar townships. Every five houses have a track, and the track has a length. Every 10 track is one mile, and it is one mile. Every four miles is a company with a company commander. Every ten companies are a township, and towns have lovers. Set up three ministers, three households as workers, three townships as businesses, three dangers as ze, and three balances as mountains to strengthen management. For the wild, take 30 households as a city and set up city divisions. Ten cities and one pawn, the pawn is handsome. Ten soldiers in one township are handsome in the township. Three townships and one county, the county is handsome. There are doctors in ten counties and one genus. There are five state-owned genera, and five doctors are set up to govern respectively. And divide the functions and powers of officials at all levels, which belong to the doctoral supervisor, the county magistrate is responsible for dividing the field boundaries, and the township head is responsible for general political affairs, requiring them to be conscientious and not neglect political affairs, otherwise they will be punished. In the first month of each year, doctors of five genera should report their work to Huan Gong, and Huan Gong will reward and punish them according to their achievements.

Military aspects

Implement the system of military and political integration and military-civilian integration. Shi Xiang residents are required to perform military service. One person in each family is a foot soldier, each road is Wu, and Wu is led by the head of the road. Fifty people in every mile are a small Rong, led by Reese. Each company has 200 people as pawns, and the pawns are led by the company commander. There are two thousand people in each township, and the brigade is led by a good man. Five townships with ten thousand troops, fifteen townships with three armies, Huan Gong, Guo Zi and Gao Zi each led an army. Off-season training, wartime expedition. This not only improves the combat effectiveness of soldiers, but also does not have to pay the maintenance costs of soldiers. In addition, in order to solve the problem of insufficient weapons, it is stipulated that crimes can be redeemed by weapons. Guilty crimes can be atoned with armor and halberds, misdemeanors can be atoned with shields and halberds, misdemeanors can be atoned with metals, copper can be used to cast weapons, and iron can be used to cast farm tools. If the lawsuit is successful, you will have to pay a bunch of arrows. Since then, Qi's weapons have gradually become sufficient.

Begin to dominate

After the reform, Qi's national strength has been greatly enhanced and it has embarked on the road of hegemony. First, repair with neighboring countries, return the Tang and money occupied by Lu before, so that Lu can be used as a barrier to the south; Returning the four cities of Taiwan, Yuan, Gu and Qili, which were occupied by Weiguo before, made Weiguo a barrier to the west; The return of Chai Fu and Barking Dog, which were previously occupied by Yan State, made Yan State a barrier to the north. In the spring of the fifth year of Huan Gong (68 1 year), the governors of Song, Chen, Cai and Zhu joined forces in Zhenguan, which was the first ruler in history. After the Song Dynasty broke the covenant, in the name of the Zhou Emperor, he led several governors to cut the Song Dynasty and forced the Song Dynasty to make peace. In addition, it also destroyed small countries such as Yong and Sui. In the 14th year of Huan Gong (672 BC), after Tian Jian was completed, Chen Li's son fled to Qi. Huan Gong wanted to make him Qing, but he refused to accept it, so Huan Gong made him Gong Zheng.

Respect the king and defend the barbarians together.

In the twenty-third year of Huan Gong (663 BC), Shan Rong attacked Yan State, and Yan State asked Qi for help. Save Yan, attack Shanrong, and stop until you hit Solitary Bamboo. Yanzhuang sent Qi Huangong to Qi Jing. Duke Huan said, "I am not the son of heaven. I can't leave this country if the prince sends me. I can't be rude to Yan. " So he cut down the place where Yan Jun went to Yan State and told Yan Jun to learn from Zhao Gong and pay tribute to the Zhou Dynasty like Zhou Chengwang and Zhou Kangwang. When the governors heard about it, they all supported Qi. In the twenty-seventh year of Huan Gong (659 BC), Huan Gong's sister Ai Jiang was the mother of Lu Mingong, and she and Lu Gongzi celebrated her father's fornication. Celebrate the father and kill the public, and the mourning will want to establish the father's celebration, and the Lu people will establish the public. Huan Gong recalled Ai Jiang and killed him. In the 28th year of Huan Gong (658 BC), Wei Wengong was harassed and asked Qi for help. Qi defeated Tijen, became the city of Wei Jianchu, and moved his subjects there.

In the 29th year of Huan Gong (657 BC), Huan Gong and Cai Ji swam in the water, and Cai Ji rocked the boat. Huan Gong was afraid and stopped Cai Ji. Cai Ji didn't listen and kept shaking. Qi Huangong disembarked, flew into a rage and sent Chua Ji back. Cai Guo was not happy either, so she married Chua Ji to someone else. Huan Gong was furious, and dispatch troops made a crusade. In the spring of the 30 th year of Huan Gong (656 BC), Lu, Song, Chen, Wei, Zheng, Xu, Cao and other governors rose up to attack Cai, and Cai's subjects rebelled one after another. In another war against Chu, King Chu rose to meet him and asked, "Why did you come to China?" . Guan Zhong replied, "Once upon a time, Duke Kang was summoned and said to our great grandfather,' You should crusade against the princes and help the Zhou family.' Give us your ancestors to the sea in the east, the Yellow River in the west, Muling in the south and Wudi in the north. The state of Chu did not pay tribute to Bao Mao, so that the king of Zhou had no wine to drink during the sacrifice. King Zhao of Zhou didn't come back. That's why I asked you. "The king of Chu said," There was no tribute, but it was really my fault. Wang Zhaonan didn't come back. Ask Hanshui. "Qi played the flood. In the summer, the king of Chu sent troops to resist, and the Qi army returned to Zhaoling. When Qu finished, he said to Huan Gong, "You can be reasonable. If not, then Chu will take Fangcheng Mountain as the wall and the Yangtze River and Hanshui River as the moat to hit you. Can you still win? So he made up with Qu Yan and withdrew.

In the summer of the thirty-fifth year of Huan Gong (65 1 BC), Huan Gong was a vassal of Kwai Qiu. King Xiang of Zhou sent Kong, the butcher, to perform military service, bows and arrows, and roads (the car of the princes' royal robes). Don't bow down and be obedient. Whether Huan Gong wanted to worship or not, Guan Zhong said, "No", so Huan Gong bowed down and accepted it. In autumn, he joined forces with the governors, Kwai Qiu, and Zhou sent them to attend in the air. Huan Gong became more and more proud and many princes betrayed him. Zaikong said to Jin Hou, "Qi Huangong is so proud." This year, Jin Xiangong died, and there was civil strife in the state of Jin. Qin Mugong made Gongzi Yiwu king of Jin, and Huan Gong sent troops to pacify the chaos. At this time, the Zhou Dynasty declined, and only the four countries of Qi, Jin, Chu and Qin were powerful. The state of Jin was in civil strife, the state of Qin was remote, the king of Chu claimed to be barbarians, and Qi Huangong became the overlord of the Central Plains. Duke Huan said, "I went south to Zhaoling and saw Woong San. The Northern Expedition of Shanrong, Bi Li and Solitary Bamboo. Cut off the summer in the west and go deep into quicksand. Climb the Taihang Mountain and return to Bell Mountain. Do not disobey me. He joined forces with the princes three times and decided the position of Prince Xiang six times. I said that the three kings were great before, but now I am different from them? I want to meditate in Mount Tai. " Guan Zhong advised Huan Gong not to listen. Guan Zhong also said that in order to get strange monsters in the distance to worship Zen, Huan Gong did not consider this matter.

Yi ya xian ying

According to the nickname recorded in Guanzi:

Yiya goes to reconcile things. Gong said: "It's not bad to steam a baby." So he steamed his first son and presented it to the public.

Yi Ya provides Qi Huangong with cooking skills. Qi Huangong said: "Only steamed doll meat has never been tasted." So Yi Ya steamed her eldest son and presented it to Qi Huangong. )

However, cannibalism was not a strong taboo in ancient China. There are also records of cannibalism in other times in history.

old age

In the forty-first year of Huan Gong (645 BC), Guan Zhong was seriously ill. Duke Huan asked him, "Who among the ministers can take your place?" Guan Zhong said: "No one can compare with the monarch in understanding his deputy." Duke Huan said, "How about elegance?" Guan Zhong replied: "Killing children to please the monarch is not human nature and is unacceptable." Huan Gong said, "What about the prescription?" Guan Zhong replied: "It is inhuman to abandon your relatives to please the monarch, and it is also difficult to get close to you." Duke Huan said, "How about vertical carving?" Guan Zhong replied: "It is unnatural and hard to be dear to castrate yourself to please the monarch." After Guan Zhong's death, Qi Huangong didn't listen to Guan Zhong and reused three people, all of whom were authoritarian. In the forty-second year of Huan Gong (644 BC), Rong attacked Zhou, and Zhou was in a hurry. He ordered governors from all over the world to send troops to save Zhou. In the forty-third year of Huan Gong (643 BC), he was seriously ill, and five childe (Gongzi Wukui, Gongzi Zhao, Gongzi Pan, Gongzi Merchants) competed for positions among their followers. 107, Qi Huangong died of illness. The five sons attacked each other and the state of Qi was in chaos. Huan Gong's body lay in bed for sixty-seven days, and all the bodies climbed out of the window. 1February 14, the newly established Qi Jun took control of Huan Gong without loss.