Significance of quatrains in ancient poems

The blue river reflects the snow-white feathers of waterfowl, and the gloomy mountains and red flowers are about to burn.

This spring is coming to an end. What is the date of my return to China?

2. Original text

The water waves in the river, the white feathers of waterfowl, the green and red flowers on the mountain are in contrast, and you want to burn.

I watched it again this spring. When is the year of return?

3. The author

Du fu in Tang dynasty

Extended information 1. Creation background

The poet's early work "Wandering Southwest" was written in the late spring of the second year of Guangde (764), and Du Fu was in Sichuan Caotang.

Second, appreciate

This poem expresses the feeling of being stranded in a foreign land. "The birds in the river are white, and the mountains are blue and white." This is a landscape painting embedded in a frame. The paper is full of ink, and the painting is colorful and has a fascinating charm.

The rippling river shows the beautiful scenery of white water birds skimming the river. All over the mountains and plains are green, blooming everywhere and extremely red. It is like a burning flame, very charming and brilliant.

White bird feathers are lined with river walls, and blue and white set each other off; Green hills are lined with red flowers, and green and red compete. The word "Guo" makes the waterfowl whiter and whiter with the blue sediment of the river, and writes deeply and picturesque; And a word "desire" endows the flower with anthropomorphic dynamics and swaying.

There are four poetic images of rivers, mountains, flowers and birds, which are depicted in four colors: green, green, red and white. The scene is fresh and pleasing to the eye. Then, the pen road turned sharply and sighed. "I saw it again this spring. When is the year of return? " The word "read through" in the sentence refers directly to the season of writing poetry.

The scenery in late spring and early summer is not beautiful, but it is a pity that the years have passed and the return date is far away, which not only does not arouse the interest of playing, but evokes the sadness of wandering. The artistic feature of this poem is to write sadness with joy. Only by saying that spring is harmonious can we compare the poet's eagerness to return home.

It does not reveal homesickness directly from the scenery, but compares the poet's deep homesickness with the difference between objective scenery and subjective feelings.

Three. Brief introduction of the author

Du Fu (7 12-770), with beautiful words, is a great realistic poet in the Tang Dynasty, and is also called "Du Li" with Li Bai. Originally from Xiangyang, Hubei Province, he moved to Gongxian County, Henan Province. In order to distinguish Li Shangyin, Du Mu and Xiao Du Li, Du Fu and Li Bai are also called Da Du Li, and Du Fu is often called Lao Du.

Du Fu came from a bureaucratic family with a long tradition of "serving Confucianism and guarding officials" for generations. His family gave Du Fu orthodox Confucian cultural education and the ambition to make a difference in his official career. Therefore, Du Fu said that being an official is their family's "vegetarian profession"-a profession that has been attacked for generations. His various cultural upbringing and subsequent behavior are all related to his pursuit of official career.

For example, he wrote in Wei Zuocheng's Twenty-two Rhymes that "he claims to be quite out and wants to get it." This is an ambition to be an official, and to realize his ideal ambition of "ruling the monarch Yao and Shun, and then making the customs pure" in his career, that is, he is eager to make contributions in social practical work and help the people.

Before the age of thirty-five, it was Du Fu's study and strong tour period. In the heyday of Kaiyuan, Du Fu's economic situation was also good, which was the fastest growing period in his life. From the age of 20, he ended his school life and began a "strong patrol" for more than ten years.

During this long-term intensive tour, Du Fu came into contact with the incomparably rich cultural heritage and magnificent rivers and mountains of our motherland, which not only enriched his life, but also broadened his vision and mind, and brought quite a strong romantic color to his early poems. The poem "Wang Yue" can represent.

"Once you climb to the top of the mountain, you will see that all the other mountains look short under the sky." It shows the poet's ambition for all undertakings (including creation). However, due to this lifestyle, it is impossible to get close to the people and go deep into reality. Therefore, as a great realistic poet, this is only a preparation period for his creation.

Du Fu's approach to realism began in the second period (35 to 44 years old) when he was confined in Chang 'an for ten years. This was the brewing period of the Anshi Rebellion, and the traitors Li and Yang were in power.

Fu not only failed to realize his political ambition of "being obedient to the gentleman and then making the vulgar pure", but also began to live a humiliating life of "being rich in the morning and being fat at night", so that he was often hungry and cold: "Hunger lasts for ten days, why hang up his clothes?"

Suffering from hunger and cold, Du Fu once thought of retiring and became Chao Fu and Xu You, who "sent the sun and the moon gracefully". Du Fu did not fear difficulties, but resolutely embarked on the road of actively joining the WTO. Life tortured Du Fu, but also perfected Du Fu, so that he gradually penetrated into people's lives, and saw the suffering of the people and the evil of the ruling class.

As a result, he wrote such realistic masterpieces as Military Vehicle Shop, Second Road, and Going to Fengxian to chant my memory. Du Fu once wrote such a poem: "A man is born in the world, and a strong man is sealed"; "Many countries swear, anger sigh after what? Fame and fortune map Kirin, and the bones are quickly rotting. " Another example is "if a husband has four ambitions, he can resign from poverty."

These poems all reflect Du Fu's great ambition of saving the world and making himself famous in the world, but Du Fu's ideal and ambition are based on a strong sense of social responsibility and hardship. As a result of ten years' confinement, Du Fu became a poet who cared about the country and the people. This determines the direction of Du Fu's life path and creative path.

Baidu Encyclopedia-Du Fu