Lu Ji's poem "Giving a Wife to Gu Yanxian" says: "There is a lot of wind and dust in Beijing and Luo, and the plain clothes turn into purple", which not only refers to the hardship of traveling in the

Lu Ji's poem "Giving a Wife to Gu Yanxian" says: "There is a lot of wind and dust in Beijing and Luo, and the plain clothes turn into purple", which not only refers to the hardship of traveling in the wind and frost, but also contains the filthy turbidity in the capital, which is where you live for a long time. The meaning of transformation. Lu You used his own meaning here, which was actually self-deprecating. "Don't sigh in the wind and dust" because you can go home without waiting for the Qingming Festival. However, going home is not the poet's wish.

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If masked With the name of the author, when reading this poem "The First Spring Rain in Lin'an", you may think that it was not written by Lu Fangweng, who was an "iron horse" and "angrily swallowed up the remaining prisoners". Although there is a spring color like apricot blossoms in the poem, it also implies the sentimentality of "the taste of the world is as thin as gauze" and the boredom of "idlely doing grass" and "playing with tea". This is very inconsistent with the majestic and tragic style of Lu You who sang "defending the Luntai for the country" and "serving the country wholeheartedly".

The first couplet begins by talking about the "thinness" of "the taste of the world", and wonders, "Who made the horseman travel to Beijing?" Lu You was sixty-two years old at the time. He not only had a long career of ups and downs, but also had unfulfilled ambitions. He also suffered from various misfortunes in his personal life. This old man who had a rough life lamented and expressed his inner feelings about the harshness of the world. This kind of lament may be unquestionable for others, but for Lu You, who "lying in a lonely village without mourning for himself, but still thinking about guarding the Luntai for the country", it seems unreasonable. This poem was written by Lu You in the 13th year of Chunxi's reign when he was in Shanyin and came to Beijing according to the imperial edict and was appointed as the magistrate of Yanzhou. For Lu You, who has been struggling all his life and has always been determined to realize his ideal of serving the country, isn't it a bit strange that giving him power and making him have a way to serve the country would actually arouse the question of "who" in him?

The chin couplet points out the "poetry eye". After listening to the spring rain all night, I heard apricot blossoms being sold in the deep alleys early the next morning. The elegant spring feeling suddenly emerged, which reminded me of the humid, green, sparkling and fragrant spring scenery in the south of the Yangtze River. It is thick and light, light and deep, and deep. And far. But upon closer inspection, the poet listened to the spring rain all night and did not fall asleep. Why was he tossing and turning on this spring night? What kind of pleasure and comfort could the intermittent sound of selling flowers coming from afar bring him? cannot. The poet is the only one who feels melancholy alone in the quiet and empty spring morning. Doesn’t the following couplet express his mood even more? Lu You, who "works leisurely" and "plays tea", has been in and out of battlefields all his life, traveled all over the world, always thinking about serving the country and loving the people, unexpectedly he is "free" and "playing" at the same time! In the eyes of the poet, the spring scenery of Lin'an is so bland and tasteless, the human feelings are so indifferent, the taste of the world is so thin, and there is no way to mention the word "ambition". He can only pass the time in "leisure" and "drama".

Although the tail couplet is not like the ancients who complained about "plain clothes turning into silk" (Jin Luhe's "Giving Good Things to Gu Yan Xian": "Jingluo is dusty, plain clothes turn into silk"), it also claims that the Qingming Festival It's not far away, so we should go home as soon as possible instead of staying in Lin'an, Jiangnan, the so-called "heaven on earth" for a long time. The poet was summoned to Beijing, but he only passed by in a hurry and then left.

Although the whole poem is about spring, it is not a happy spring; although it is not a sad spring, it is also a "thin" spring. Although spring is beautiful, it does not arouse much nostalgia in the mind of the depressed author.

Among Lu You's many famous poems, there are works that express great patriotism and concern for the people, such as "Moon Over the Mountain" and "Feelings of Going out of the Fence Gate to Welcome the Cold"; there are also poems that convey dreams, sadness, anger and sadness. His poems, such as "Wind and Rain on November 4th", are either direct expressions of his feelings and heartfelt statements, or they are written in a horizontal and vertical manner, recalling the past and thinking about the present. They are all majestic and majestic works; the author also has beautiful and simple descriptions of rural life, such as "Visiting Shanxi Village"; there are also sad works that remember love and reminisce about past happiness, such as "Shen Yuan". These and other things are very different from "Chu Ji". "Chuji" has no heroic singing, no lamentation, no angry poems, and no tears. What is left is the inexplicable depression in the colon and an indifferent sigh, "Don't feel this feeling in my heart."

After Wang Yan was transferred from Sichuan and Shaanxi, Lu You returned to Shudong in the fifth year of Chunxi (1178) and worked as a low-level official in Fujian, Jiangxi, and Zhejiang. The situation of "Fear almost makes you lie on the bed, and hardship is like drinking with a sword" is very different from the situation of being reused under Wang Yan.

In the spring of the thirteenth year of Chunxi, the author was ordered to go to Beijing, accepted the post of magistrate of Yanzhou, and wrote this poem in Lin'an. The harsh reality forced him to make some gloomy conclusions about the court, the emperor, life and society. Unlike many of his dream poems, in the middle of the night, when everything is silent, the author has no real life scenes to disturb him. He can fantasize about the distant starry sky and the rainy night, and say any bold words. But in the prosperous imperial capital, the author couldn't help himself. Although the spring scenery in Lin'an City is beautiful, the bureaucrats prefer to stay in a corner, forgetting to avenge their country and whitewashing the peace. The author is always awake. In the superficial atmosphere of peace and prosperity, he sees the numbness of the world and the ignorance of the court, and thinks of his own unfulfilled ambition. But he could neither sing loudly nor dream about love, so he had to express his melancholy through the scenery of spring, and wrote spring as a heartless thing.

It can be said that "The First Day" reflects another aspect of the author's inner world. In addition to singing and serving the country on the battlefield, in the tent, and under the night sky, the author occasionally wanders melancholy. In "Book Anger" written almost at the same time, the author showed his consistent heroic feelings in a completely different way. "Book Anger" is, in a certain sense, the author's summary of his tragic life. "You know how difficult things are in the world at an early age", but you finally have the courage to say "who can be compared to others in a thousand years", leaving his life to the judgment of history. The comparison between "Chu Ji" and "Shu Anger" can show the repetition of the poet's emotional thoughts in a short period of time. After all, Lu You is Lu You, and he will not stay in "leisure" and "playing" forever. Soon after he took office in Yanzhou, he still insisted on resisting the Jin Dynasty and put it into action, expressing it in poems. Finally, he was dismissed from office for "mocking and praising the wind and moon". His continuous "spring rain with apricot blossoms" developed into the violent storm of "The Iron Horse and the Glacier Come to Dreams" in "The Storm on November 4th".

The character of a poet is complex. A martyr who is always strong and unyielding will inevitably be melancholy and depressed from time to time. This kind of melancholy and melancholy is not inconsistent with its majesty and tragedy. Only when he was extremely depressed and melancholy could he experience an outburst of stronger emotions. At the beginning of the poem, it is said that "the taste of the world is as thin as gauze", which is the author's denial of reality and also reflects the author's uprightness. The poet walks away at the end of the poem, which is also the poet's disdain for the flashy imperial capital. Therefore, through the surface of the original poem, we can still vaguely see a mighty and unyielding image. This image is the author's true and consistent self.