Teaching plan and knowledge points for the 13th Chinese Lesson "Difficulties in Traveling (Part 1)" of the Ninth Grade Volume 1 compiled by the Ministry of Education

# Teaching Plan # Introduction "Three Poems on a Difficult Journey" is a work by Li Bai, a poet from the Tang Dynasty. "Three Poems on a Difficult Journey" (Part 1) is the first of the three poems "Difficulties in Traveling on the Road" written by Li Bai. It was written in the third year of Tianbao (744) when Li Bai left Chang'an. The following is the content compiled by Kao.com, I hope it will be helpful to you!

1. Teaching objectives of the 13th Chinese lesson "The Road Is Difficult (Part 1)" compiled by the Ministry of Education:

1. Read and recite ancient poems

2. Understand the main meaning of the poem

3. Understand the emotion or interest expressed in the poem

Teaching focus:

Read and recite ancient poems aloud

Teaching difficulties:

Understand the emotions or interests expressed in poems and appreciate the artistic techniques of poems

Teaching hours:

1 Class hours

Teaching process:

1. Recalling the sea and picking up shells, approaching Li Bai

(1) Recalling Li Bai’s poems and the image of the poet

When it comes to Li Bai, I believe everyone is familiar with it. We have learned a lot of Li Bai's poems from elementary school to now. From these rich poems, what kind of Li Bai do you know? Contact the work and talk about your impression of Li Bai.

Show the courseware:

We have studied a lot of Li Bai’s poems. What kind of person is Li Bai in our memory? Please use the following sentence patterns to answer:

"I read ______ Li Bai from '________' (verse)"

(For example: "I read from 'bed The bright moonlight in front of me is probably due to the frost on the ground. In it, I can read the lonely Li Bai.")

"I read Li Bai who is homesick in the words 'Looking up at the bright moon, bowing his head to miss his hometown'."

"I read Li Bai, who is talented and full of sorrow, from "cutting the knife to cut off the water, the water will flow again, raising a cup to relieve sorrow and sorrow will become more sorrowful".

(2) Teacher-student interaction, understanding Li Bai

First, let’s review Li Bai’s life together. Li Bai was a poet of which dynasty?

Student Talk

Teacher summary, let us get closer to Li Bai and understand Li Bai.

Show the courseware: (teacher’s explanation)

Li Bai, also known as Taibai, also known as Qinglian layman. A poet in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, he is known as the "Poetic Immortal". When he was young, he traveled all over the country. He once went to Chang'an and served in the Imperial Academy, but he was slandered and resigned soon after. In his later years, he wandered around the southeast and finally died of illness in Dangtu. Many of his poems strongly criticized the dark reality of the time, were deeply concerned about the current situation, loved the mountains and rivers of the motherland, sympathized with the lower class people, despised the secular world, and despised the powerful; but they also often revealed some negative thoughts about drinking to seek immortality and indulgent pleasure. He is good at absorbing nutrients from the folk, has rich and unique imagination, vigorous and unrestrained style, and magnificent and gorgeous colors. He is a great romantic poet in Chinese literature after Qu Yuan. His existing works include "The Complete Works of Li Taibai", which contains more than 900 poems.

2. First reading of poetry, overall perception

(1) Understand the background of poetry creation.

Do you know under what circumstances Li Bai wrote this song "The Road Is Difficult"?

Show the courseware: (teacher’s explanation)

"The Road is Difficult" Ancient Yuefu "Miscellaneous Songs and Songs". In 722, the poet Ying Zhao went to Beijing to serve as a member of the Hanlin Academy, trying to realize his great ambition of running the country and benefiting the world. However, he soon felt excluded and slandered and left Chang'an to go south. He could not find a political way out. When he left or stayed, he wrote This is the first of this group of poems (***three).

(2) Students read poems for the first time and find new and difficult words in the poems.

Invite everyone to try reading the poems together and find new and difficult words. Read poetry together.

Please point out which words you think need our attention.

"Zun", "Zun", "Sai", "Xing".

(3) Teachers and students interact to correctly grasp the rhythm and emotional tone of poetry reading.

Listen and read poetry

(1) Can you recognize the correct pronunciation of the underlined words below?

Golden cups, delicacies, chopsticks, crossroads

(2) Can you grasp the rhythm of poetry reading?

(3) Read the tone of the poem

Show the courseware:

What is the emotional tone of this poem? Please choose the appropriate word from below to answer.

Depressed, happy, affectionate, indignant, joyful

Excited, high-spirited, sad

3. Read the poem again and understand the content of the poem.

1. Students read the poem freely and explain the key words with annotations.

Teacher: Now everyone is free to read the poem aloud and combine it with the annotations to see if they understand the following words.

Show the courseware:

Read the poem freely and explain the following words with annotations.

"Shame", "Zhi", "Xianlai", "Suddenly"

"Changfeng", "Hui", "Zhi"

2. Invite students to use Describe the content of the poem in your own words.

Live conversation, others will add or comment.

4. Study the poem and understand the theme of the poem and the image of the poet.

Teacher: Now that you understand the content of the poem, please think about a few questions.

Show the courseware:

1. In the face of fine wine and delicious food, how does the poet feel? What words can we tell?

2. Are Li Bai’s poems about “wanting to cross the Yellow River” and “about to ascend Taihang” realistic? Why does the author feel this way?

3. What historical stories are borrowed in the poem? ? What does it do?

4. How do you understand "There will be times when the wind and waves break, and the clouds and sails will rise to help the sea."? What kind of ambition does it express?

(Teacher’s summary)

Show the courseware:

Gold bottles and jade plates - the presentation of fine wine and delicacies

Stop the glass, Throwing chopsticks, drawing swords, looking around - dazed, melancholy, sad and angry

The Yellow River is blocked by ice, and Taihang is covered with snow - difficulties and obstacles

Lu Shang is fishing in Bixi River, Yi Yinmeng is boating by the sun - ---Confidence is doubled

The wind breaks the waves, the clouds sail across the sea - Optimism and confidence

Teacher: What kind of thoughts and feelings does this poem express?

Teacher: So what kind of Li Bai do we see in this poem?

Students talk, teachers give guidance and guidance.

5. Reading poetry and appreciating the artistic techniques of poetry

We know that Li Bai’s poems are full of romanticism, so what is this romantic style like in this poem? What is reflected?

Show the courseware:

Read the poem silently and talk about how this poem embodies Li Bai’s romantic poetry style?

6. Expansion and Extension

Even a handsome person like Li Bai has his moments of depression, but Li Bai is Li Bai after all. The setbacks in life did not make him depressed. Li Bai chose to be strong and confident. Choose optimism. What about us? What do you think we should do when we face setbacks and difficulties in life? Use the poems and famous sentences you have accumulated to talk about your attitude towards life.

7. Summary and assignments

(1) Summary

(2) Assignments

1. Recite and write down "Xinglu" Difficult"

2. Teaching objectives of the 13th Chinese lesson "The Road is Difficult (Part 1)" compiled by the Ministry of Education in the first volume of ninth grade Chinese version

1. Knowledge objectives: read aloud with emotion and Recite poetry, combine it with the writing background, and experience the poet's emotions. Accumulate Li Bai's related deeds and related poems.

2. Ability goals: Taste language, comprehend artistic conception, cultivate students’ ability to read and appreciate poetry, use materials for writing, and improve cultural taste and aesthetic appeal.

3. Emotional attitude goal: to understand the poet’s spiritual qualities of self-improvement, optimism and self-confidence, and to correctly treat the setbacks and ups and downs in life.

Teaching focus

Based on the author’s life experience, understand Li Bai’s complex mentality intertwined with depression, confusion, indignation, confidence, and persistent pursuit, and feel the depression and enthusiasm, disappointment and hope in this poem Rapidly alternating emotional tones.

Teaching difficulties

Based on textbooks, broaden horizons, accumulate Li Zhe, and guide students to write using the accumulated Li Bai-related materials.

Arrange one lesson period

Teaching process

1. Talk about Li Bai

(1) Guess the character and make an introduction.

He is a great poet in Chinese history. He was born in the Tang Dynasty and his ancestral home is Gansu. He was born in Suiye (now Kyrgyzstan) in 701. When he was about five years old, his family moved to Jiangyou, Sichuan. . He is a swordsman, he is a wine fairy, and he is even more a poetry fairy. "The emperor can't come on board the ship, so he claims that he is a wine fairy"... Students, do you know who I am talking about?

(2) Know Li Bai and talk about the background.

About Li Bai, which of his poems or related stories do you know?

Background introduction:

In the autumn of the twelfth year of Kaiyuan (724), 24-year-old Li Bai "went to the country with his sword, said goodbye to relatives and traveled far away", left his hometown and began his wandering life. He came to Chang'an in (730) and made friends extensively, hoping to be recommended by princes and nobles and realize his ambition to serve the country with his talents. However, he failed to get what he wanted and had to leave sadly. Along the Yellow River eastward, he roamed successively in Jiangxia, Luoyang, Taiyuan and other places. Later, he roamed around Henan, Huainan, Hunan and Hubei, climbing Mount Tai in the north, and reaching Hangzhou, Kuaiji and other places in the south. Wherever he went, he sang many poems, and his poems spread far and wide, shocking both the government and the public. In the end, even the emperor was alarmed. In the autumn of the first year of Tianbao (742), Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty issued an edict to conscript Li Bai to Beijing and ordered Li Bai to serve in the Imperial Academy. Li Bai, who was already forty-one years old, was quite arrogant and ambitious. "I laughed up at the sky and went out. How can we be from Penghao?" He originally thought that he could do something to repay Xuanzong's kindness. The unruly Li Bai once let Gao Lishi took off his boots and Yang Guifei polished his ink, but he was also hated by the dignitaries in the palace. "Although the king loves his beautiful eyebrows, he has no choice but to kill people with jealousy in the palace." "An Neng's ability to destroy his eyebrows and bend his waist to serve the powerful makes me unhappy!" The Tang Dynasty only regarded him as a vase to whitewash the world's peace. In the third year of Tianbao, Li Bai "returned to his hometown with gold" and was forced to leave the capital. Friends came to bid farewell to him. With no hope of seeking an official position, he deeply felt the difficulty of the official career and wrote "Difficulty in Traveling (Part 1)" full of indignation. .

2. Reading Li Bai

1. Once "reading", you will know Li Bai's feelings.

(1) Flash reading.

(2) Give students a representative degree.

(3) Read together, require, and read the pronunciation of the characters correctly. Read the emotion initially, and think after reading:

I feel Li Bai's mood in the clause.

(4) Summary. Mood:

Gratitude - (depressed) confused - increased confidence - feel the road ahead is difficult and depressed - full of confidence and hope.

(5) Read again.

2. The second "reading" is the person who knows Li Bai.

(1) Personal display reading. Read the changes in emotion. Reviews.

(2) Question:

After reading this poem, I read from it that Li Bai was an outstanding person.

What we see is not a self-pitying and self-pitying Li Bai, but a strong-willed Li Bai, a heroic Li Bai, a heroic and arrogant Li Bai, a forward-looking Li Bai who strives endlessly. , a Li Bai who has traveled through thousands of years and is still smiling confidently at us. We are impressed by Li Bai's poems and even more impressed by the charm of Li Bai displayed in these poems.

(3) What have you learned from Li Bai?

3. Three "readings" to appreciate Li Bai's "wind".

When Li Bai had an uncertain future, he played a sound full of confidence and hope. He is worthy of being a great romantic poet. His poems are full of romantic style, and this poem is no exception. So how is this romantic style reflected in this poem?

(1) The poem uses exaggerated descriptions, such as "golden bottle" and "jade plate" to express the preciousness of the utensils.

(2) The poem uses symbolic techniques and is full of rich imagination.

(3) The poet uses allusions.

(4) What everyone said is really good. In this poem, the poet uses magnificent images such as the "Yellow River", "Taihang Mountains" and "Canghai". Through rich imagination, he symbolizes the difficulty of life and expresses his ambitions. He uses extremely exaggerated writing techniques to show us After a precious feast, he suddenly said that he could not eat, which further highlighted the degree of depression in his heart. He also cleverly used allusions to express his beliefs and enriched the content of the poem. A few short lines of poems seem to show us magnificent pictures and the image of the poet who is still smiling confidently at us after thousands of years. Coupled with the beating rhythm and rhythm of the poems, the emotions of the whole poem have twists and turns, ups and downs, all reflecting It brings out the beauty of artistic conception, image, rhythm and emotion that classical poetry possesses.

(5) Read again and read out these beautiful feelings.

4. Continuing with Li Bai.

Do you want to know what Li Bai’s experience was like when he left Chang’an? Introduction:

After Li Bai left Chang’an, he went to Luoyang to meet Du Fu, and later met Du Fu and Gao It was a good idea to travel around the Liang and Song Dynasties together, leading a carefree life of drinking, writing, and chasing eagles and rabbits. As the political situation worsened during the Tianbao period, Li Bai felt deeply worried and uneasy about the national crisis. He publicly protested against Li Linfu, Yang Guozhong and others' monopoly on power and the killing of dissidents, and issued a lamentable cry against the dangerous political situation. He wandered around, wandering in all directions. Many excellent poems were written along the way.

In the 14th year of Tianbao (755), the Anshi Rebellion broke out. Li Bai took refuge in the southeast and later lived in seclusion in Lushan. At that time, Xuanzong's son Yongwang led his troops east from Jiangling and respectfully invited Li Bai to join his army in the name of the great cause of revival. Li Bai then resolutely joined the army with enthusiasm. Unexpectedly, another trouble broke out between Suzong Li Heng and King Yong, Xiao Qiang, and Li Jun was defeated and killed. Li Bai was also convicted and imprisoned, and was soon sentenced to Changliu Yelang. Li Bai traveled up Jiangxi and was pardoned and released when he reached Wushan. At this time, he was nearly sixty years old, but still ambitious. (761), he embarked on another journey to join Li Guangbi's counter-rebellion army, but turned back due to illness on the way. (762), Li Bai died of illness at the home of his uncle Li Yangbing from the Dangtu tribe, ending his legendary life.

Li Bai, you "spent seventy percent of the wine into my heart and turned it into moonlight, the remaining three thirds roared into sword energy, and when I spit it out from my mouth, I transformed half of the prosperous Tang Dynasty."

But Li Bai in the starry sky of history will always radiate a charming light and inspire us forever.

You see, there are many articles about Li Bai in our compositions:

3. Writing about Li Bai

Example (1)

Zhulu among the green cliffs, floating in the air, inviting the moon to cast its shadow among the flowers. I saw your snow-white clothes being blown by the wind, moving like a beautiful dance, drinking a glass of wine, and sighing at the moon. Li Qinglian, aren’t you sad at this moment? Aren't you sad? People only expect you to be a poet next to the emperor and use your immortal words to embellish the prosperous Tang Dynasty. And you? But he resolutely left this decadent court.

"An Neng can bend his eyebrows and bend his waist to serve the powerful, which makes me unhappy!" Is what you put down a passion?

(High school entrance examination full score essay "The Choice of Cherishing the Soul")

Example (2)

The majestic palace, exquisite food, fragrant wine... Facing the nobles of the palace, you dare to ask Gao Lishi to take off your boots, and you dare to ask Concubine Yang to grind ink for you. What else do you dare not do? "The emperor cannot come on board the ship, claiming that he is a wine-drinking immortal." This is such a sonorous music, such a heroic verse, and such a strong sense of integrity! You have left so many romantic and immortal poems for future generations. You are respected as the "Poetic Immortal" by people. "There will be times when the wind and waves break, and you will hang your sails directly across the sea." Your broad-minded and optimistic personality charm has made history remember your eternal singing voice! (Full marks in the high school entrance examination essay "Eternal Song")

3. Notes on the knowledge points of Lesson 13 "The Road Is Difficult (Part 1)" in the first volume of the ninth-grade Chinese language compiled by the Ministry of Education

⑴ Zun (zūn): an ancient vessel for holding wine, decorated with gold. Sake: clear and mellow wine. Dou Shiqian: One dou is worth ten thousand yuan (i.e. ten thousand yuan), describing the high price of fine wine.

⑵Zhensha: precious dishes. Shame, same as "馐", delicious food. Straight: pass "value", value.

⑶箸(zhù): chopsticks.

⑷The two sentences "Xianlai": indicate that the poet still has expectations for politics. These two sentences are allusions: Jiang Taigong Lu Shang once fished on the Feng River in the Wei River, and met King Wen of Zhou to help Zhou destroy Shang; Yi Yin once dreamed that he passed by the sun and the moon in a boat, and was later hired by Shang Tang to help merchants. Destroy summer. Bi means "sitting".

⑸ Two sentences of "Duoqi Road": There are so many forked roads, where are you now? Qi, one is "Qi". Ann, where.

⑹ Changing wind and breaking waves: a metaphor for realizing political ideals. According to the "Song Book·Zongke Biography": When Zongke was a boy, his uncle Zong Bing asked him about his ambitions. He said: "I would like to ride the long wind and break thousands of miles of waves."

⑺Yunfan: Gao Gao sail. The ship is sailing in the sea, and because the sky and water are connected, the sails seem to be hidden in the clouds and mist.

⑻She: In ancient times, twenty-five families were one community. White Dog: One work is "White Pheasant".

⑼ Sword playing: During the Warring States Period, Feng Xuan, a diner in the family of Mengchang, Prince of Qi, repeatedly played the sword and composed songs to complain about his unsatisfactory performance.

⑽Jia Sheng: Jia Yi of Luoyang in the early Han Dynasty wrote to Emperor Wen of the Han Dynasty, urging him to reform the system and promote rites, but was opposed by the ministers at the time.

⑾Yonghui: King Yan Zhao swept the road in person, fearing that the dust would fly, and used his sleeves to block the broom to greet the wise man Zou Yan. Zhejie: ??One is "bending the waist".

⑿Go back: refers to living in seclusion. The words come from Tao Yuanming's "Returning Lai Ci" in the Eastern Jin Dynasty.

⒀ "Youkou" sentence: Use the allusions of Boyi and Shuqi instead. "Historical Records: Biography of Boyi": "King Wu had put an end to the Yin chaos, and the world was ruled by the Zhou Dynasty. However, Boyi and Shuqi were ashamed of it, so they refused to eat Zhou millet because of their righteousness, so they hid in Shouyang Mountain, picked weeds and ate them... and died of starvation. "Yangshan." "Index": "Wei, fern." According to the two herbs, vitiligo and fern were mistakenly thought to be the same.

⒁"Hanguang" sentence: The words do not reveal the edge, but the meaning is to look down upon the world. What is valuable is nameless, and what is valuable is nameless.

⒂Yunyue: One is "Mingyue".

⒃Zixu: Wu Zixu, a doctor of the state of Wu in the late Spring and Autumn Period. "Wu Yue Chun Qiu" Volume 5 "Fu Chai Nei Zhuan": "When the King of Wu heard of Zixu's resentment, he sent someone to give him a sword, and Zixu... then fell down with the sword and died. The King of Wu then took Zixu's body and filled it with guiyi. The weapon was thrown into the river." See also "Guoyu·Wu Yu".

⒄Lu Ji: Writer of the Western Jin Dynasty. "Book of Jin·Biography of Lu Ji" records: Lu Ji was killed in the army due to false accusations by eunuchs. On his deathbed, he sighed: "How can we hear the roar of cranes in Huating again?"

⒅Li Si: Qin State A great hero who unified the six kingdoms, he served as prime minister of the Qin Dynasty, and was later killed. "Historical Records: Biography of Li Si" contains: Li Si sighed and said: "... This is Shang Cai Buyi... Today, the position of a minister, and no one who can occupy the position of a minister, can be said to be extremely rich and noble. When things are extreme, they will decline. I don't know how to tax them." "Index": "Tax driving, Jie driving, talking about rest." ⒆ "Huating" two sentences: use Li Si's allusion.

"Historical Records: Biography of Li Si": "In July of the second year of the Second Emperor's reign, he was sentenced to five punishments, and he was cut in half in Xianyang City. When he was released from prison, he joined his son. Gu said to his son: 'I want to lead the yellow dog with Ruofu. If you go out to Cai Dongmen to chase a cunning rabbit, how can you get it?'" "Taiping Yulan" Volume 926: "Historical Records" says: "Li Si was about to be executed, thinking about leading a yellow dog and a goshawk, so he went out to Caimen and he couldn't get it! "

⒇ "Autumn Wind" sentence: use Zhang Han's allusion. "Book of Jin·Biography of Zhang Han": "Zhang Han, whose courtesy name is Ji Ying, was born in Wu County, Wu County. ... He was sent to Cao Cao, the Great Sima Dong. ... Seeing that the autumn wind was blowing, he thought about Wuzhong wild vegetables, water shield soup, and seabass clams, and said: "Life is so precious that you have to have the right ambition. How can you be an official for thousands of miles in order to get a good name?" Then he ordered him to drive back... Or it may be said: "You can only be good for a while, but you don't want to be famous after your death?" : 'It is better to have a glass of wine than to have a posthumous reputation. 'People value their open-mindedness."