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Hangzhou Dialect

Jianerfan - Eat it for free

Don't show signs - Compete with others and compare yourself

Eat like it - Refers to attitude, such as "eating looks ugly", that is, having a bad attitude

Poisonous head - a person with a weird temper

Killing a pig - ripping off a person

One breath - — A little while

A drop by a drop — a little

Yan take a break — see you later

Can’t eat enough — not up to the task

< p>Hiccup - burp

Specially - on purpose

A lot - understand

Playing - playing

Relief——rest

Sleep——sleep

Looking for trouble——Looking for trouble

Plurid Dada, Puli Dala—— Sticky Gooey

Inky black - pitch black

Ice and ice - very cold

Indiscriminately wet - very wet

Dimples - — Ridiculous, funny

Ma Qiaoer—— Sparrow

Nail head against iron head——A metaphor for head-to-head confrontation, refusing to give in to each other

A fall for good— — It means that if you do something out of good intentions, you will not only not be understood, but will also be resented

Huitang Tofu Dried - refers to someone who has been dismissed and reinstated

Eat Overnight snails - a metaphor for a person's long-winded speech and entanglement

Ant carrying a pig's head - a metaphor for how many people have less work, and many people gather together to do a small amount of work

Crooked To speak for oneself - means not to listen to opinions and to be self-righteous

To be high-headed - to be superior

To make words - to lie

To draw a bucket - to draw a drawer

Patio——Yard

Alley——Hutong

Qu Wei——Earthworm

Sand Walnut——Hickory

p>

Wen swallows water - warm water

Shirtless - shirtless

Big feet - thighs

Hands - arms

Eyeballs——Eyeballs

Forehead——Forehead

Stilts——Cripple

Thieves bones——Thieves

Langzhong - mostly refers to Chinese medicine practitioners

Laoguo - used to refer to people, such as: Ge Ge, the old man, that old man, that is, this person, that person

Grandma——Grandma

Dad——Grandfather

Mom——Mother

Abba——Father

Luoxue—— Snowing

Raining——Raining

Flash——Lightning

Chunguang, Time——Time

Old New Year ——Last year

Shangmao, Shangmaozi——Previous time

Ge Mao——now

Head hair——just now

No Emmanuel - not easy to use

Peeling cucumbers - extorting money

Playing with children - playing

Little children - children

< p>Brother Ta'er——Tricycle driver

Knocking on tiles——made by AA

Knocking on crutches——The cripple

At night, at night—— — Night

Evening - Evening

Noon - Noon

Day - Day

Morning, early morning Half day - morning

The dialects in Hangzhou today span two major dialect areas in Chinese: one is the Wu dialect area (Urban Hangzhou, Yuhang, Xiaoshan, Lin'an, Fuyang, and Tonglu); It is the Hui dialect area (Jiande, Chun'an). The dialects of these two language areas are very different and have obviously different characteristics.

Hangzhou dialect belongs to the Northern Wu dialect Hangzhou film. Hangzhou has a long history, and there are Liangzhu cultural sites in the Gudanglaohe Mountain area.

It was the capital of the Wuyue Kingdom during the Five Dynasties and was established as the capital for more than 140 years in the Southern Song Dynasty. It has been the provincial government of Zhejiang Province since the Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties. Especially during the Southern Song Dynasty, a large number of northerners moved to Hangzhou, which gave the Hangzhou dialect a strong northern Mandarin color. Northern Wu became an independent dialect film.

Yuhang dialect belongs to the Huzhou dialect of Northern Wu dialect. The dialect spoken in Yuhang County is generally relatively uniform, but there are also many differences in accents. Yuhang County is connected to Deqing and Anji in Huzhou to the north, Haining and Tongxiang in Jiaxing to the east, Lin'an to the west, and the border area of ??Hangzhou to the south. Its dialects are more or less influenced by nearby dialects, causing the accent in the county to change. The most representative ones are those from Yuhang Town, Tangqi Town, and Linping Town. Yuhang Town is the old county town, close to Lin'an, and has elements of Lin'an dialect; Tangqi Town is close to Deqing, and has elements of Deqing dialect; Linping Town is close to Haining, and has elements of Haining dialect. The dialect of Linping Town, the county seat, is now the representative dialect of the county.

The dialect spoken in the four counties of Xiaoshan, Lin'an, Fuyang and Tonglu belongs to the Linshao dialect of Northern Wu dialect. Xiaoshan County was formerly governed by Shaoxing Prefecture, and its dialect is close to the dialects of the counties under the jurisdiction of the old Shaoxing Prefecture (Shaoxing, Shangyu, Yuyao, Shengxian, Xinchang, and Zhuji), but far from the dialects of Lin'an, Fuyang, and Tonglu under the jurisdiction of the current city. The Xiaoshan dialect changed greatly after liberation, especially after it was transferred to Hangzhou City in January 1959. Hangzhou dialect penetrated a large number of people and the languages ??gradually merged. Xiaoshan dialect has slightly different accents in the four townships, with Chengxiang Town dialect as the representative. Lin'an dialect is more complicated. Today, Lin'an County has merged the two counties of Jiuyu Qian and Changhua, and the county seat is Lin'an Town. Lin'an town dialect is now the representative dialect of Lin'an. However, the differences between Yuqian dialect, Changhua dialect and Lin'an dialect are quite obvious, especially Changbei dialect is special. Today Fuyang County has merged with old and Xindeng County. Fuyang dialect is represented by Fuyang town dialect. The difference between Xindeng town dialect and Fuyang town dialect is relatively small and does not affect communication. Today, Tonglu County has merged with the old Fenshui County. The Tonglu dialect is represented by the Tonglu dialect, but there is a large distance between the Tonglu dialect and the Fenshui dialect. In comparison, Tonglu dialect is closer to Fuyang dialect, and Fenshui dialect is closer to Hangzhou dialect.

Jiande and Chun'an dialects belong to the Yanzhou dialect in the Hui-speaking area. Today's Jiande County has merged with the old Shouchang County. Jiande County was formerly governed in Meicheng Town, and today the seat of Jiande County is in Baisha Town. The dialect of the county is represented by Meicheng dialect. Shouchang Town is the county seat of the old Shouchang County. The dialect has an independent system, which is different from Meicheng dialect. The original seats of Chun'an County and Sui'an County were sunk to the bottom of the Xin'an River Reservoir after the completion of the Xin'an River Hydropower Station, and the new Chun'an County seat was moved to Pailing. The population in Pailing comes from all over the country, and their accents are complex. The people who originally spoke the Sui'an dialect merged with the moved dialect due to their relocation, so the Chun'an dialect is currently represented by the Chuncheng dialect. Compared with Chun'an dialect, Jiande dialect has more elements of Shexian dialect in Anhui Province.

A brief list of Hangzhou dialects

Wu dialect area and Hui dialect area

Hangzhou dialect Huzhou dialect Linshao dialect Yanzhou dialect

Hangzhou point Yuhang point Xiaoshan point Lin'an point Fuyang point Tonglu point Jiande point Chun'an point

▲ Hangzhou urban dialect ▲ Lintang Yuping Qihang town town dialect ▲ Chengxiang town dialect ▲ Linyu Chang'an The town talk of Qianhua Town ▲ The town talk of Fuxin Yangdeng Town ▲ The town talk of Tongfen Lushui Town ▲ The town talk of Meishou Baicheng Changsha Town ▲ The town talk of Chunshi Paicheng Chengling Town Words

Note: Those with triangles represent words representing city and county dialects

Section 1 Hangzhou Dialect Phonology

1. Initial Consonants

Hangzhou dialect has 29 initial consonants:

2. Final consonants

3. Tone

Hangzhou dialect has 7 tones

Hangzhou dialect tones Example characters and Mandarin

Comparison of tone type, tone, value and tone

Yinping 433 Just know that the rough sky is flying three times in Yinping

Yangping 213 Poor Chen Caihan Shi Fu Niangyun Yang Ping

Shangsheng 53 Ancient papyrus powder girl buys a Shangsheng

Yin Qu 445 Gai Zui loves to sing and is afraid of letting go to the sound

Yang Go to 13 *** to help the harming rice and use Jinshi Society

Out of the black and saying that the eight hairs are lost and Yin Ping

Yin people 5 are anxious to pick up the blessing table and blame Yang Ping

The sound of a hundred-foot iron pagoda floating on the snow

The sound of each restraint and cut bundle just touching the weeping wall

Shifting Yinping

Yangren 2 things Bureau Food Reading Baihe Tongue Take Yangping

Eren Namai Medicine Custom Socks Industry to Remove Sound

Section 2 Common Words in Hangzhou Dialect

Hangzhou Dialect is Rich in Words , with the expansion of the influence of Mandarin, Hangzhou dialect words have also undergone some development and changes, and a large part of them still maintain the independence of their local language variants. The more typical words are:

Morning , early morning - morning

Day - daytime

midday - noon

late evening - evening

Night head, night head - night

Head hair - just now

Peculata hair - now

Shangmao, Shangmaozi - before

p>

Old year - last year

Chenguang, time - time

Flash - lightning

Rain - rain< /p>

The snow is falling - it's snowing

The snow is coming - the snow has melted

A man's house - a man

A woman's house - Woman

Little boy - child

Male boy - boy

Female boy - girl

Abba - father

Mom - mother

Dad - grandfather

Grandma - grandmother

Brother - Brother

Adi——Brother

Ajie——Sister

Amei——Sister

Uncle——Uncle

p>

Big mom - aunt

Little uncle - uncle

Aunt - aunt

Mother-in-law - uncle

< p>Aunt - aunt

Husband - husband

Wife - wife

Old man - generally refers to an elderly man; the wife calls herself to others husband (limited to middle-aged and elderly people)

father-in-law - father-in-law

mother-in-law - mother-in-law

老公 - used to refer to people, such as: Ge Ge Lao Guo, that Lao Guo, that is, this person, that person

Langzhong - refers to a traditional Chinese medicine practitioner

Cooking master, kitchen master - cook, cook

Thieves' bones - thieves

Stilts - lame

Throat - throat, larynx

Face - face

Forehead - Forehead

Nose - Nose

Eyes - Eyeballs

Head and Neck - Neck

Hand——Arm<

/p>

Big feet - thighs

Ankle heads - kneecaps and their surroundings

Naked - shirtless

Vegetables - fingers Dishes to accompany the meal

Vegetable steamed buns - vegetable buns

Meat steamed buns - meat buns

Shochu - white wine

Old wine - Rice wine

Wentunshui - warm water

Six grains - corn

Soybeans - soybeans

Tomatoes - tomatoes

Potatoes - potatoes, potatoes

Hickory nuts - pecans

Roosters - roosters

Poosters - hens

/p>

Alley - Hutong

Window and door - window

Mao pit - toilet

Patio - yard

Escalator - Stairs

Drawer - Drawer

Drama - Drama

Making words - lies

Gao Tou - — Upper head

Lower bottom — Lower head

Good-looking—beautiful

Ugly—ugly

Tufeng (pronounced "风") ")——bone bone burial

Thin (for example: the porridge is too thin) - thin

Thick (for example: the porridge is too thick) - thick

Strong (referring to animals) - fat

Length (human length) - tall

Narrow - narrow

Broad - wide

Definitely, savagely, and wooden--very

Lame, frothy, push-board--poor

Not well-behaved--naughty

Tired - tired

Fat - ridiculous, funny

Embarrassed - ashamed

Wet - very wet

Bing Bing Xun Ying - very cold

Ink black - pitch black

Slowly - slowly

Have good sex - well

p>

Blur Dada, Buli Dala - sticky

To ask for a wife - to marry a daughter-in-law

To marry a husband - to get married

Get sick - get sick

Belt skin (same pronunciation as check) - diarrhea

Have cold and heat - get malaria

See a doctor, see a doctor What's wrong - see a doctor

To scratch an itch

To do something - to work

To eat - to drink

To eat Smoking - smoking

Eating tea - drinking tea

Taking a bath, taking a bath - taking a bath

Unlucky - losing face

To make trouble - to find trouble

To make a fuss - to quarrel

To pick it up - to lift it up

To sleep - to sleep

< p>Have a rest - rest

Play - play

Know - know

Countless - understand

Remember Firm - remember

Stick firmly - stick

Specially - deliberately

Hiccup - hiccup

Not able to eat - incompetent

Place, place, put away - put

Use - purpose

Falled - lost

p>

Looking for it - found it

What time - when

Where - where

What flower - What tricks, what things

What to do - what to do

Yan Xiehui - see you later

One cent, two cents - once, Twice

One piece - one piece

One quilt - one quilt

One car - one car

A stick of fish - a fish

A stroke - a stroke

A drop - a little

A breath - a while

Kill the plague pig and extort money

Poisonous head - refers to a person with a weird temper

Plague grandson - refers to a useless person

Eating phase - means Attitude, such as "eating and looking ugly" means having a bad attitude

Tengtou - refers to a person who is stubborn and unconvinced

Lege - describes a person who is good at being picky

, difficult to get along with

Wang Hao - used to refer to people who are unreasonable and vicious

Shoutou - used to refer to people who are inappropriate for the times

Zaoer Melon - a metaphor for a person who doesn't know what's good or bad

Don't show any signs - compete with others and compare oneself with others

Get the upper hand - a metaphor for being squeezed from both sides when encountering a difficult situation

< p>Qianshasha - refers to Bo Ni's posturing to please others (mostly refers to women)

Daqingniang - an old name for a girl

Konglaolao - nothing happens Looking for something to do, looking for something to talk about

Children - making trouble or provoking

Mulang Tofu - used to refer to Baotou and fish head roasted tofu, but now it means to scold someone for being stupid.

To hold someone's head - to be implicated in someone or something and to be talked about behind their back

To divide the account - originally refers to what one deserves, and later extended to refer to what one should do

Half-knowledge - half-knowledge of something, half-understood

Interface command - refers to the ability to answer what others say, such as saying: Someone is good at command, that is, praising that person Answer people quickly and appropriately

Bumping in the nose - refers to hitting a wall in doing something or not meeting someone

Being shielded - being criticized

Osmanthus master - refers to a fledgling and incompetent master

Head-headed and flustered - refers to a person who thinks he is great

Knocking on tiles - refers to everyone gathering to eat and sharing the money.

Confronting each other - things are not going well and there are many setbacks

Three ignorances - suddenly, unexpectedly

Poaching one's feet and saying that others have been dishonorable in the past

Eating empty-hearted soup paste - a metaphor for making a wish to others but not being able to fulfill it

Nail versus iron - a metaphor for head-to-head confrontation, not giving in to each other

Stumbling for good—meaning that someone who did something out of good intentions was not only not understood, but also resented by others

Huitang Doufugan—refers to someone being fired and reinstated< /p>

Eating overnight snails - a metaphor for a person who is chatty and entangled

Ant carrying a pig's head - a metaphor for how many people have less work and many people gather together to do a small amount of work

p>

Tilting your head and speaking for yourself - meaning not listening to opinions, being self-righteous

Section 3 Characteristics of Hangzhou dialect

Hangzhou dialect is not widely used. It stretches from Xiasha, Yuhang in the east, to the Qiantang River in the south, from Wuyun Mountain and Zhuantang to the vicinity of Liuliu in the west, to Sandun in Yuhang via Gongchen Bridge in the north, and between Qiaosi and Qiaosi in Yuhang via Jian Bridge in the northeast. Within this area, about one million people speak Hangzhou dialect. Hangzhou is one of the largest cities in Zhejiang Province, but Hangzhou dialect is one of the smallest dialects of Wu dialect in Zhejiang.

The Hangzhou dialect belongs to the Taihu dialect of the Wu dialect area. Because Hangzhou dialect is influenced by foreign dialects, it appears to have many characteristics compared with other dialects in the same region.

The greatest foreign influence was the Song Dynasty’s move of the capital to Lin’an. According to Li Xinchuan's "Records of the Years since Jianyan", in the 30 years from the first year of Jianyan (1127) to the 26th year of Shaoxing (1156), the number of foreign residents exceeded the number of indigenous people. At that time, the scholars and people from the south brought the northern "mandarin", mainly Bianliang, and exerted influence on the southern local dialect. Finally, Hangzhou dialect has undergone considerable changes in pronunciation, vocabulary, and grammar, giving it a strong northern dialect color.

Secondly, after the Qing government was overthrown, its battalions were forced to disband, and a large number of children of bannermen and family members of the army blended into the ordinary people of Hangzhou. Their strong Beijing "mandarin" further made Hangzhou Words are affected.

Thirdly, Shaoxing dialect has a greater influence on Hangzhou dialect. There is a proverb in Shaoxing: "Economic people must never take the road to Hangzhou", which means that many Shaoxing people come to Hangzhou to sell goods or do business and settle down. There is also a proverb in Hangzhou: "Hangzhou radish is grown in Shaoxing", which means that many Hangzhou people have their ancestral home in Shaoxing. As more people live in Shaoxing, Shaoxing dialect has an influence on Hangzhou.

1. Phonetic Characteristics

l The words "jia", "marry", "jiao" and "jiang" etc. have only the initial consonant [t -] in Hangzhou dialect, while the Hujia dialect of Wu dialect has [K-] There are two readings of [t -], and there are only one reading of [K-] in Wu language.

2 The ancient Japanese letters "er, er, er" and other characters all have only one reading [l], which is equivalent to the literary reading in other parts of Wu dialect and close to Beijing dialect, while the white reading in other parts of Wu dialect is more The nasal sound is pronounced as a self-consonant syllable or the nasal sound [-] is the initial consonant. In ancient times, the initial consonants of characters such as "re, human, soft, and meat" are not pronounced [-], which is different from other dialects of Wu dialect.

3 The ancient and Ming alphabet "请" and "wen" in Hangzhou are pronounced [cven] [ven], not [m-], which is different from the Hujia area and most places in Wu dialect.

4 The finals [ ] in Hangzhou dialect form a system of their own. It can be pinyined alone with the initial consonants, such as: pig [ ], lift [ ], and book [ ], or it can be used as a medial consonant to combine with other finals to form syllables. For example: catch [ ], handsome [ ], snake [ ], sun [ ], pretend [ ], turn [ ], heat [ ], etc. This is not found in Hujia dialect and is rare in Wu dialect and even among Chinese dialects across the country. Beijing dialect has three medial sounds [i, u, y], Jiaxing dialect also has three, and Huzhou dialect has only two medial sounds [i, u]. None of them have the [ ] intermediary sound, but Hangzhou dialect has four intermediary sounds [i, u, y, ].

2. Vocabulary characteristics

1 Hangzhou dialect shares some vocabulary with suburban and Hujia dialects. Compare examples:

Beijing, Hangzhou, Huzhou, Jiaxing

Shichenguangchenguangchenguang

Steamed buns, steamed buns, steamed buns, steamed buns

Playing hooky, learning, learning, learning

Neck, head, neck, head, neck, head and neck

Monkey live, live, live, live, live, monkey

Coughing, choking, choking

Throwing, beating, beating

Fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire! Wife

2 There is another part of Hangzhou dialect. While using the local dialect, it is also influenced by northern dialect and uses the same vocabulary as Beijing dialect. Example comparison:

Beijing, Hangzhou, Huzhou, Jiaxing, Beijing, Hangzhou, Huzhou, Jiaxing

Basin, basin, basin, basin, old man, old man, old man, old man

Threat rice, thresh rice Push the rice, push the rice, grandma, grandma, mother, mother

Play chess, play chess, play chess, play chess, daughter, daughter, daughter, daughter, daughter, daughter, daughter, daughter, daughter, daughter, daughter, daughter, daughter, daughter, daughter, daughter, daughter, daughter, daughter, daughter, daughter, daughter, daughter, daughter, daughter, daughter, grandma, grandma, grandma, grandma, grandma, fingers, fingers, joints, head tube, joints Head tube

Gecko gecko (son) Qianlong Qianlong swill swill swill rice foot water rice foot water

3 There are some words in Hangzhou dialect that are neither like Beijing dialect nor like Beijing dialect. The Hujia dialect has some morphemes that are the same as those of Beijing dialect and another part that are the same as those of Hujia dialect. From the way of word creation, we can see traces of the blending of Northern dialect and Hangzhou dialect. Examples are as follows:

Beijing, Hangzhou, Huzhou, Jiaxing

facefacefaceface

Crow Crow Lao Crow (Wow) Er Lao Crow (Y) Lao Crow (Y)

Pot, pot, wok, wok

Bridegroom, bridegroom, officer, new officer, new officer

Evening, evening, night, evening, evening

Pot, spatula, pot, knife, knife

4 There are also some words in Hangzhou dialect that are different from the words in Beijing dialect and Hujia dialect, and the scope of use is also very small, but these The distinctive words fully demonstrate the particularity of Hangzhou dialect. Example comparison:

Beijing, Hangzhou, Huzhou, Jiaxing, Beijing, Hangzhou, Huzhou, Jiaxing

Customer, buyer, host, guest, child, kid, trick, villain

Quarrel, quarrel, scold each other Scolding each other, centipedes, centipedes, hundreds of feet

Rope, rope, rope, rope, play, don't look at each other

Arms, arms, arms, arms, earrings, hoops, rings

>

Dirty soil serves dirty garbage, eats snacks, eats snacks, eats snacks and eats scattered fruits

3. Grammatical characteristics

From the overall situation of Chinese dialects, the grammatical structure of Wu dialect It is basically the same as Beijing dialect, and the grammatical structure of Hangzhou dialect is somewhere in between. Some are the same as Beijing dialect, some are the same as the Hujia dialect of Wu dialect, and some are similar but have differences. This is also It shows the characteristics of Hangzhou dialect.

1 Overlap is one of the main means of morphological changes in word formation in Wu dialect. Nouns, verbs, and adjectives in Hangzhou dialect all have overlapping forms, and overlapping indicates some additional lexical meaning or grammatical meaning.

Let’s talk about the overlapping of adjectives first:

Add “Jiao” after the overlapping of monosyllables, indicating a weakening degree and used as an adverbial in the sentence. For example: have sex gently | have sex slowly | have sex quietly | have sex well.

The overlap of additional components before monosyllabic adjectives indicates the degree of strengthening. Such as: blood red | yellow wax | stone hard | billowing strong | straight | honey sweet. Then the overlap of additional components weakens the degree of expression. Such as: green | yellow ha ha | shiny | panic | spicy | sweet pussy. Let's take the word "黑" as an example and let's look at its comparative form: Heixi: almost black, the weakest degree | Hei: ordinary black | Mohei: one layer deeper than "black", with a stronger degree | Momohei: than "Jihei" is deeper and the degree is stronger |Jiheijihei: The blackness reaches its peak and the degree is the strongest.

The overlapping forms of double syllables include joint forms: generous | regular; formal ones: inky black | straight, etc.

Look at the overlapping of verbs:

Dispositional verbs can overlap: wash clothes | tie children | tie the stove. It can also be followed by adjective complements: the clothes are washed, the belt is tied tightly, and the stove is booming.

Add "er" after overlapping: Gogoer|Dangdanger|Chashuier|Zhengzhenger.

After overlapping, there is a complement to express a request or a command: Sit up straight | Tuck in | Look carefully | Swallow over | Push down | Pull up.

2 The beginning and end of nouns. Prefixes such as: Ah (father, Ah Fu), Lao (husband, mouse). Word endings such as: ghost (bad luck ghost, jingba ghost), embryo (understood as embryo, gluttonous embryo), home (manufacturer, store), Xiang (selling appearance, eating appearance), etc. Here, we focus on the endings of the words "er, tou, zi".

Hangzhou dialect has a very large number of suffixes. This "er" is a self-syllable at the end of the word, which is called "er tail". It is different from the suffix "er" in Beijing dialect. The word "er" in Beijing is also an independent character when written, but when pronounced, it forms the same sound as the previous character. It is attached to the end of the previous character and only serves as a retroflex rather than an independent syllable, so it is called "erhua". Hangzhou's son's tail words were already abundant at least in the Song Dynasty. In "Menglianglu", many suffix words in Hangzhou dialect were recorded. Such as: shrimp | fruit | shirt | skirt | cage | drum | sachet | eight songs | puff pastry | thousand layers | fan | pomegranate seeds | bean brown sugar | cat Bridge | Gouershan Lane, etc. These suffixes are still spoken by Hangzhou people.

Hangzhou and Beijing both have "son, son, and head", but it is not a one-to-one relationship. The comparison is as follows:

Hangzhou: Hanajuaner|Glasses|Old Man|Shizi son|chopsticks|collar|bracelet|pear|shrimp|gecko|

Beijing: Hanajuaner|glasses|old man|stone|chopsticks|collar|bracelet|pear|shrimp |Gecko|

Hangzhou: skirt|young man|zongzi|chess pieces|peaches|pillow cores|shoes|students|former emperor|

Beijing: skirt|young man|zongzi|chess pieces son|taoer|pillow core|shoes|student|the day before yesterday|

Hangzhou: pillow|tongue|fist|treasure hijab|bamboo head|axe|nose|wrist|thief bone

Beijing: pillow|tongue|fist|baogaier|bamboo head|axe|nose|wrist|thief

The personal pronouns in Hangzhou dialect are "I, you, him", and "I, you, him" are used in the plural. "They", which is different from the dialects of Wu dialect. However, when the singular personal pronoun is used as an attributive in Hangzhou dialect, it is customary to use the plural form. This is very special and different from Beijing dialect. For example:

Please give me a piece of paper to our husband. (Please give this note to my husband.)

Your wife can go out and play. (Your wife went outside to play.)

Xiao Zhang is our son-in-law. (Xiao Zhang is my son-in-law.)

Xiao Zhang invited their father-in-law to dinner. (Xiao Zhang invited his father-in-law to dinner.)

3 In Hangzhou dialect, you can also say subject-predicate-object sentences such as "He has eaten", but the most common way of saying it is to change it into a subject-predicate sentence. . For example: "He eats well | He writes well." Depending on the language environment, the subject of the sentence is often omitted, leaving only "the meal was well-fed | the article was well-written".

4 In Beijing dialect, there are two sentence types: "ba" sentence and "bei" sentence. Hangzhou dialect can also be divided into these two types of sentences in terms of meaning:

Type A we My brother can ride a bicycle. The dog bites the rabbit badly.

B-style bicycles can be ridden by our brother. The rabbit is bitten by the dog.

Type A is equivalent to the Beijing word "ba", and Type B is equivalent to the Beijing word "bei". However, in isolated sentences such as "In the table tennis match, Xiao Zhang defeated Xiao Li" in Hangzhou dialect, it is not possible to tell who defeated whom, and the judgment must be made based on the context. In Beijing dialect, the agent introduced after the preposition "bei" does not need to appear. For example, "the rabbit was bitten to death by the dog", just say "the rabbit was bitten to death." But in Hangzhou dialect, this word of service must not be omitted. For example: "The rabbit is bitten by the dog."

5 Hangzhou dialect uses the negative adverb "no" in repeated questions, unlike Hujia dialect where "wu" is used, and the format is "A no A". For example: "Is it good? | Do you want it?" But in the two-syllable words, it is not like the commonly used "AB not AB" in Beijing dialect, but the commonly used expression is "A not AB". For example: "Are you relieved? | Is he willing to go?"

6 Hangzhou dialect uses the verb "you" to express existence, and the negative form is "no", which is the same as Beijing dialect. But in Hangzhou dialect, in repeated questions, it is not "have you", but "have you". For example: "Go and see if he has come? (Go and see if he has come?) | Is the rice cooked?" (Is the rice cooked?) It can even be shortened to "Yes" No". For example: "Is the meal good?" (Is the meal ready?)

7 Commonly used adverbs expressing degree in Beijing dialect are "very, most, ten, very", etc., while in Hangzhou dialect "man" is used. , Mao, Jindai, Mulaolao", etc. are also used very frequently. "Mulao" also has an adjective usage.

8 Hangzhou dialect verbs take double objects, which can refer to the person in front or the person in the back. Unlike Beijing dialect, the near object always refers to people and the far object refers to things. Refers to the person in front of you, such as: Give (give) me a book | Lend me fifty dollars. Refers to someone who is behind, such as: Give me a book | Lend me fifty yuan. This kind of sentence can also have two verbs, each with an object. For example: Call me to borrow a book | Lend me fifty yuan.

When a verb in Hangzhou dialect takes an object and a complement, if the sentence is negative, the object is a personal pronoun, the object is next to the verb, and the complement is placed behind. This is exactly the same as the Hujia dialect. For example: (He is an athlete) I can’t outrun him (it’s my fault) I’m sorry for you!

Hangzhou proverb in the fourth quarter

Hangzhou wind, a handful of green onions ; Flowers cluster in clusters, empty inside. (It used to refer to some Hangzhou people who only talk empty words but are not pragmatic)

Su Kongtou and Hangzhou Tietou. (It used to mean that some people in Suzhou are unrealistic, while people in Hangzhou are upright and tough)

No matter what Qiantang is, Renhe will not accept it. (Historically, the urban area of ??today's Hangzhou was under the jurisdiction of Qiantang and Renhe counties. This term means that no one cares about something or a certain place now)

Poke out from the broken umbrella.

Bake Chaozhou tobacco at a critical moment.

There is a porridge stall in front of the hotel.

Order in Suzhou and sell in Hangzhou. We don’t ask for money, we just ask for pleasure.

The carrots are on the candle tent.

Go up to Jiangtou and go down to Hushu. (The head of the river is the stem of the river, which means that when doing business, one needs to be well-informed and trade quickly)

Hurry to the second dragon head. (Erlongtou is on Jianggan, and Xiguan was set up here in the Southern Song Dynasty. One theory is that Xiguan was very lively at that time, and people rushed to it. Another theory is that Xiguan set the time for the city gate to be closed every afternoon, and foreigners who came to Hangzhou to do business had to rush back. Today Use this proverb to describe working in a hurry)

Every day an inch of gold is sold in West Lake, an inch of gold is produced every day in West Lake. (West Lake has historically been a tourist attraction with high consumption, but West Lake has always been productive of fish, shrimp, lotus roots, rich in local products, and good income, hence the phrase)

The building outside the city, the Tianxiang Building in the city . (Referring to two famous restaurants)

Longjing tea leaves are as good as water. (Famous tea and good water are called "double wonders")

On the second and sixteenth day of the lunar month, the clerk eats meat. (Old Hangzhou business custom)

The world-famous scenery of West Lake is endless. (It is said that the West Lake is a scenic spot. There are many scenic spots, and they change with the changes of weather and time. They are endless)

Ten sights of the West Lake. (Referring to the famous Ten Scenes of West Lake)

Six Bridges and Three Zhus. (Referring to the Six Suspension Bridges of Sudi, the upper, middle and lower three Zhu Zhu)

One lake, two embankments and three islands. (The first lake refers to the West Lake, the second embankment refers to Su Causeway and Baidi, and the three islands refer to Xiaoyingzhou, Huxinting and Ruan Gongdun)

The six suspension bridges in the West Lake are interspersed with willows and peach branches.

Go up to Chenghuang Mountain alone. (A metaphor for people's boredom)

After Bai Causeway there is Su Causeway.

(Meaning that people should leave room for doing things)

Jumping into the West Lake will not clear your mind. (A metaphor for someone being wronged)

Suzhou head, Shaoxing foot, Hangzhou girl is well dressed.

There are two delicacies in spring and four delicacies in winter. (Food custom in Hangzhou, two items refer to salted items and scallion buns stewed; four items refer to tofu skin, hair skin, bamboo shoots, and vermicelli)

The fire on New Year's Eve is worn on the first day of the new year.

A red book on New Year's Day means everything will go well.

Wearing shepherd's purses in the spring, peaches and plums are shy and prosperous.

The boat arrived and passed the Dragon Boat Festival. (Such as losing an opportunity)

If you don’t eat rice dumplings during the Dragon Boat Festival, there will be no one to send them to you when you get old.

Ham on the first day, chicken on the second day, and gold and silver hoof on the third day.

On the 29th of the year, every family is happy; on New Year’s Eve, every family is in need. (It’s called debt pressing on New Year’s Eve in the old days)

The spring mist blooms with hundreds of flowers

The two peaks are green and the sun will be clear tomorrow. (Shuangfeng Guide Peak, North Peak)

Snow falls in ninety-nine months, and the West Lake cracks.

Spring comes once in a century. (Sui Chaochun means that the Spring Festival coincides with the beginning of spring)

Welcome the spring in the snow, and it will be ripe in the new year. (It snows at the beginning of spring, which makes it a good year)

February 8th is a sad day for thin people and thin horses. (It means the eighth day of February, the weather is cold)

The clean winter solstice is in the sloppy year, and the sloppy winter solstice is in the clean year. (Sloppy means rain)

The spring east wind brings rain; the summer east wind brings dryness and looseness.

Section 5 Hangzhou Talk

Putting soy sauce in the West Lake - to no avail

Eat wheat porridge and travel to the West Lake - poor and happy

A chicken feather serves as an arrow - making a fuss out of a molehill

Crossing the Qiantang River - making a big deal out of a molehill

Watching the fire on Chenghuang Mountain - gloating over misfortune

The West Lake is not Gail's - if you want to die, you can die by yourself

Building a straw hut by the West Lake - ruining the scenery

Dreamwalking in the West Lake - a beautiful thought

Digging for the moon in the West Lake ——A waste of efforts

The White Snake meets Xu Xian - mutual consent

The White Snake breaks the bridge in tears - misses the old relationship

Liang Shanbo meets Zhu Yingtai - previous life A calamity

An ox drills into a dog hole - the size does not match

A duck egg is placed on the head of a live animal - slippery and slippery

Prickly heat is used as a hair cure ——Making a fuss out of a molehill

Eating ginseng in the buttocks——Later (candidate) supplement

Burning incense and looking for monks——Take two toilets with you

Recruiting a bride in the palace—— Come and go

The beggar eats dead crabs - only fresh ones

Jiang Taigong's mount - four different ones

A dragonfly bites its tail - it's all for nothing< /p>

The thorn water chestnut wrapped in lotus leaves - poked out

The dust in the air - nowhere to be found

Garlic leaves to cheer up - mixed with onions (charged)< /p>

Grandma’s shoe style - presbyopic head

Put a kite under the bed - you will never be tall in your life

They are all heads - they have many ideas< /p>

The birthday boy eats arsenic - lives impatiently

Tiger beats the rooster - turns around

Through eyebrows on buttocks - big face

Hang the ghost and apply powder on it - to save face

The old woman sits in a sedan chair - Chaos

Throws the turtle on the stone slab - head-on confrontation

The monk pays homage to his mother-in-law ——Never encountered it before

Eels simmered in a fire pot——to death

Cowhide bag——no water leaking

Shred bean sprouts—— —Make it carefully

Four King Kongs Soaring into the Clouds - Eight Feet in the Air

Four King Kongs Buying Hats - Big Positions

Bedbugs in the Hotel - Eat Guests

Muddy water hits the wall - two sides of light

Carrying a sedan chair on the city wall - Dangzhuan

Playing the piano under the Coptis tree - Enjoying hardship

Pinch the snail with three fingers - a sure thing

A mustard seed falls into the eye of a needle - by chance

The weasel follows the cucumber - blindly follow