Why do so many fruit trees need grafting? What are the benefits of grafting?

What are the benefits and principles of grafting?

Plant grafting is a practical technology that humans have explored and summarized in long-term agricultural production practices. It is the crystallization of the wisdom of the broad masses of the people. Grafting technology has been continuously improved and improved with the continuous deepening of human understanding of plant physiology. . Benefits of grafting: Breeding better varieties

Grafting generally involves selecting excellent ear cuttings of the female parent and grafting them onto the sticky wood of plants of the same family to obtain a new plant fusion with the excellent characteristics of the female parent. It can be grafting of seedlings or grafting of large seedlings at a high position.

This type of grafting is mainly used in fruit trees, flowers, etc. Grafting can quickly obtain new varieties of fruit trees and flowers, and can also make fruit trees produce early, have high yields, be cold-resistant, drought-resistant, resistant to diseases and insect pests, etc. Choosing a more suitable root system

Another function of grafting is that some excellent varieties are not adapted to the local climate and soil conditions. At this time, the adaptability of the root systems of local plants of the same family (such as drought tolerance, waterlogging tolerance, and cold tolerance) can be used , salt-alkali tolerance), use local plants of the same family to make sticky wood and graft superior varieties to obtain a new plant fusion suitable for the local climate and soil.

Secondly, it can be used to protect and save some plants with necrotic roots, such as making old pile bonsai, protecting ancient and famous trees, etc. Plant healthy plants of the same family around the plants that need protection and rescue, and use the method of jointing to allow the healthy plants to provide water and fertilizer for the plants with necrotic roots, ensuring the physiological cycle between the trunks, branches, and leaves of the rescue plants to achieve protection. Purpose of plant rescue. Cultivation of better varieties

When different plants of the same family are grafted with the same plant ear strips, there will be some subtle differences, resulting in the flower size, color, fruit size, etc. of the new fusion plant. The taste and color will change, and some new and better plants can be cultivated, such as pumpkins grafted onto cucumbers, etc. Grafting seedlings can shorten the seedling raising cycle, produce early and high yields

This needs no further explanation. The sexual reproduction of normal plants lasts for several years, more than ten years, or even hundreds of years. From the seedlings to flowering and bearing fruit, the same amount of time is required. time, and grafting seedlings can greatly shorten the seedling raising, cultivation and fruit-bearing cycle. The principle of grafting

The tissues of plant roots, trunks, and branches are from the outside to the inside, followed by phloem, cambium, and xylem. These three parts each perform their own duties. The phloem is responsible for transporting water and fertilizer absorbed by the roots upward; the cambium is the "engine" for the plant to continuously grow thicker. It continuously divides cell tissues, differentiates into phloem outwards, and differentiates into xylem inwardly; xylem Responsible for transporting nutrients produced by photosynthesis of leaves to roots for accumulation. This is the physiological process of plants growing and thickening.

Grafting also takes advantage of the characteristics of these three parts of the plant to align and seal the three parts of the plant, the wood and the scion, to promote their fusion and re-establish the phloem and form The circulation between layers and xylem allows a new fusion to form and become viable. Just as a surgeon's organ transplant operation requires reconnecting blood vessels, nerves, and muscle tissue, of course, grafting plants is simpler.

To sum up, the grafting of plants is to obtain excellent varieties easily and quickly; the principle of grafting is to reconnect the various circulatory systems of the stick wood and the scion, so that they can be reintegrated and connected to form a new fusion body. .