The translation of "The Marquis of Huaiyin, Han Xin, is an unknown and strange person in Huaiyin..." in the biographies of the Marquis of Huaiyin

Translation:

Han Xin, the Marquis of Huaiyin, was from Huaiyin. When he was a commoner, he was poor, had no outstanding virtues, could not be elected as a minor official, and could not do business to make a living. He often lived in other people's homes and had nothing to do, so most people hated him. He once went to the countryside many times to have free meals at the pavilion director in Nanchang. For several months, the pavilion director's wife disliked him, so she cooked the rice early in the morning and ate it in bed. When it was time to eat, Han Xin went, but no food was prepared for him. Han Xin also understood their intentions. In anger, he finally left and never came back.

Han Xin was fishing under the city, and several old ladies were rinsing silk cotton. One of them saw that Han Xin was hungry, so she gave him food. This continues for dozens of days until rinsing is complete. Han Xin was very happy and said to the aunt: "There will be a time when I will repay you heavily." The aunt said angrily: "A man can't support himself. I gave you food because of my pity for you, the young master. Is it because of hope?" Will you repay him?"

A young man among the Huaiyin butchers insulted Han Xin and said, "Although you are tall and like to carry a sword, you are just a coward." He also insulted him in public and said, "You are a coward." If you can kill me, stab me with your sword; if you can't kill me, crawl under my crotch." So Han stared at him for a long time, lowered himself to the ground, and crawled between his legs. past. People all over the street laughed at Han Xin and thought he was timid.

When Xiang Liang led the anti-Qin rebel army across the Huaihe River and marched westward, Han Xin took his sword and went to him, staying with his men and remaining unknown. After Xiang Liang failed, he returned to Xiang Yu, who appointed him as a doctor. He proposed strategies to Xiang Yu several times, but they were not adopted. When Liu Bang led his army into Shu, Han Xin left the Chu army to join him and became a minor official receiving visitors.

Once, Han Xin committed a crime and was sentenced to death. Thirteen of his fellow criminals were killed one after another. When it was his turn to kill him, he raised his head and saw Duke Teng said, "Doesn't the King of Han intend to conquer the world? Why did he kill the strong men?" Duke Teng heard his extraordinary tone and saw his majestic appearance, so he let him go. After talking to him, he admired him even more and recommended him to the king of Han. The king of Han appointed him as the commander of grain and salary management, but he still didn't think he was a genius.

"The Biography of the Marquis of Huaiyin" is a biography created by Sima Qian, a historian of the Western Han Dynasty. It comes from "Historical Records Volume 92: The Thirty-Two Biography of the Marquis of Huaiyin".

Original text:

The Marquis of Huaiyin, Han Xin, was a native of Huaiyin. When I first became a commoner, I was poor and had no business, so I could not be selected as an official, and I could not manage merchants. Those who often send food and drink from people, and many people are disgusted with it. Changshuo went to the countryside to send food to the pavilion chief in Nanchang. For several months, the pavilion chief's wife got sick, so she cooked and produced food in the morning. When eating, believe in it and do not eat it. Xin also knew what he meant, but his anger was completely gone.

Xin was fishing under the city, and all the mothers were floating there. One mother saw that Xin was hungry and had no food for her, so she was floating for dozens of days. Xin was delighted and said to Piao's mother, "I will definitely repay my mother with kindness." The mother said angrily, "A man cannot feed himself. I eat in mourning for my king and grandson. How can I expect retribution?" There was a young man who insulted Xin in the Huaiyin massacre and said: " Although he has grown up and is good at carrying swords, he is timid. "The people humiliated him and said, "If you believe me, you can kill me. If you can't kill me, come out from under my hakama." So whoever believed in it looked at it and pulled it out from under my hakama. . Everyone in the city laughed at the letter and thought it was timid.

When Xiang Liang crossed the Huaihe River, he followed him with faith, staff and sword. He lived under his command and was not well-known. Xiang Liang was defeated, and he belonged to Xiang Yu, who thought he was a doctor. Xiang Yu was used several times to encourage him, but Yu was not used. When the king of Han entered Shu, Xin lost Chu and returned to Han. He was not well-known and was named Lian Ao. Sitting down to behead, all thirteen of his generation had been beheaded. The next time he came to Xin, Xin looked up. When he saw Teng Gong, he said, "You don't want to kill the world? How can you kill a strong man?" Teng Gong was surprised by his words and emphasized his appearance. Release without killing. Talk about it in a big way. He said to the superior that he should be worshiped as the Captain of Zhisu, which was a strange thing for the superior.

Extended information

"The Biography of the Marquis of Huaiyin" records the life deeds of Han Xin, the founding hero of the Western Han Dynasty. His achievements were greater than those in the world, but he ended up annihilating his clan. The author has infinite sympathy and emotion.

"Historical Records" is the first biographical general history in Chinese history. It records more than 3,000 years of history from the legendary Huangdi era to the fourth year of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty.

The whole book of "Historical Records" includes twelve chronicles (recording the achievements of emperors of the past dynasties), thirty families (recording the rise and fall of vassal states and Han Dynasty princes, nobles and nobles), and seventy biographies (recording the words and deeds of important figures, mainly It describes people and ministers, the last one of which is a preface), Shi Biao (chronology of major events), and Eight Books (recording various laws and regulations, etiquette, music, music, calendar, astronomy, Zen, water conservancy, and financial use).

*** One hundred and thirty chapters, more than 526,500 words, more than 395,000 words more than "Huainanzi" and two more than "Lu Shi Chunqiu" More than 188,000 words. It is huge in scale and has a complete system, and has a profound influence on subsequent biographical history books. Official histories of all dynasties have been written in this style.

The Sima family has been Taishi for generations, organizing and discussing history. Sima Qian's father, Sima Tan, intended to continue compiling historical events after the Spring and Autumn Annals. Sima Tan once served as Taishi Ling and regarded the compilation of history as his sacred mission. Unfortunately, his ambition was not fulfilled. In the first year of the Yuan Dynasty, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty held a ceremony to enshrine the throne. Sima Tan, as the Taishi Ling, was unable to participate in the important events of the day, which was a lifelong regret. He died of sorrow and anger. Before his death, he entrusted his will to his son Sima Qian.

Sima Qian’s son inherited his father’s ambition and succeeded Taishi Ling. In his early years, he studied under Kong Anguo and Dong Zhongshu. He traveled around various places, learned about customs and collected rumors. When he was first appointed as a doctor, he was envoy to the southwest. In the first year of Taichu (104 BC), Sima Qian began the creation of "Tai Shi Gong Shu", which was later called "Historical Records".

However, something unexpected happened. In the third year of the Tianhan Dynasty (98 BC), Li Ling was defeated and surrendered to the Huns. Sima Qian was arrested and imprisoned for defending the whole story to Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, and was sentenced to castration. He suffered physically and mentally. It gave him great trauma.

After being released from prison, he served as Zhongshu Ling. He endured the humiliation and worked hard to continue to complete the historical books he wrote. With his historical knowledge of "studying the relationship between heaven and man, understanding the changes in ancient and modern times, and becoming a family", he experienced many hardships successively. In 2014, he created China's first biographical general history, "Historical Records".

Baidu Encyclopedia--Biography of the Marquis of Huaiyin