What poems did Wang Anshi write to Su Shi?

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Wutai poetry case

About when Su Dongpo was a minister in the imperial court, before he was demoted, one day he went to Wang Anshi's study Wu Zhai to find Wang Anshi. When Wang was away, there was a poem on Wu Zhai's desk, and only two sentences were written-"The moon crows several times, and the yellow dog lies in his heart." Su Dongpo looked and looked, wondering. How do you call the bright moon in the branches? How can a yellow dog lie on a flower heart? Thought it was wrong. So I changed my pen and changed the poem to "The moon shines in the sky and the yellow dog lies in the shade." After Wang Anshi came back, he was extremely dissatisfied with Su Shi's revision of his poems and demoted him to Hepu. After Su Dongpo arrived in Hepu, one day, he went out for a walk and saw a group of children around a pile of flowers, shouting, "Yellow dog Rollo, black dog Rollo, come out quickly!" Rollo rollo, rollo rollo. "Out of curiosity, Su Dongpo went over and asked the child what to shout. The child said, let's tell the bug to come out quickly so as to catch it. Su Dongpo looked closely at the flower and saw several yellow and black insects as big as sesame crawling in the stamen. Ask the child again what kind of bug is this? The child said: yellow dog bug, black dog bug. Su Dongpo left the flowers and came to a banyan tree. He met a crisp birdsong and asked others, what is this birdsong? Others replied: this is called the bright moon bird. At this time, Su Dongpo suddenly realized that he had wrongly corrected Wang Anshi's poems. However, later generations commented that Wang Anshi was too narrow-minded as a prime minister. Although he knows the local customs, he should not set up the Wutai Poetry Case because Su Shi wrongly corrected two of his poems, put Su in prison and then gave him away to others casually. Doing so is tantamount to "literary inquisition". In fact, in history, Wang Anshi punished Su Dongpo and corrected two poems by mistake, which was only a superficial secondary reason. In fact, the main reason is that Su Shi opposed Wang Anshi's political reform. Therefore, Su Shi was demoted several times.

In the second year of Yuanfeng in the Northern Song Dynasty (1079), Su Shi was demoted to Huzhou. The reason for his demotion is that he disapproves of Wang Anshi's new law. Su Shi paid tribute to Song Shenzong as usual. This is a red tape article, but he knows that he was released to the outside world and was tampered with by the suggestion of the new party. Therefore, the grievances in my heart can't help but write a slightly grumbling "knowing that it is difficult to catch up with newcomers when they are born;" Check the old man's troubles, or he can raise the king. "At that time, Zhang Dun and Cai Que, political opponents, accused Su Shi of mocking the reality of the imperial court in the name of" thanking the table ",being arrogant and venting their dissatisfaction with the" new law "and demanding severe punishment. , He, and others quoted Su Shi's Poems on the Chronicle of Hangzhou as evidence, saying that he "played with the imperial court and mocked state affairs", and even found some sentences from his other poems, which were taken out of context and convicted, such as: "Reading thousands of books without reading the law made you ignorant. "Originally, Su Shi said that he could not study hard and help the emperor become a saint like Yao Shun, but they pointed out that he was satirizing the emperor's inability to teach and supervise officials. For another example, "if the East China Sea has a clear idea, it should be taught to turn brine into mulberry fields", saying that he is accusing the water conservancy construction of being wrong. In fact, Su Shi himself built water conservancy projects in Hangzhou. How could he think that was wrong? Another example is "Shao said that he forgot to understand the taste, and there was no salt in recent March", saying that he was sarcastically prohibiting people from selling salt. In a word, it is determined that he dares to ridicule the emperor and the prime minister, and he is guilty of a heinous crime and should be sentenced to death. So the court removed Su Shi from office, arrested him and sent him to Yushitai for trial. At this time, Shen Kuo also came out to snitch, saying that Su Shi's poems had the meaning of mocking state affairs, and others took Su Shi's poems as evidence (the poem that made Su wipe out bad luck was a two-line poem praising cypress trees: "Roots are nowhere in the grave, and only dragons are known in the world. These two poems are accused of stabbing the emperor: "The emperor is like a dragon in the sky, but Su Shi wants to find a dragon under the grave. There is nothing better than this! " ) accused him of "disobedience" and wanted to kill him. A major case involving 39 relatives and friends of Su Shi and more than 100 poems was shocked by Shen Kuo's informer. This is the famous Wutai poetry case.

After Su Shi went to prison, his life and death were uncertain, and he was frightened several times a day. While waiting for the final verdict, his son Mai Su went to the prison to bring him meals every day. Because the father and son can't meet, they make an appointment in the dark: they usually only send vegetables and meat, and if there is bad news about the death penalty, they will send fish instead, so that they can make preparations early. One day, because Mai Su ran out of money, he needed to borrow it, so he entrusted a friend to deliver food for Su Shi, but forgot to tell his friend the secret agreement. It happened that that friend sent a smoked fish to Su Shi when he was delivering dinner that day. Su Shi was shocked and thought that he was ill-fated, so he wrote two farewell poems for his brother Su Zhe with extreme sadness. One of them is: "the Lord is like the sky, and everything is spring, and the little minister is stupid and dies secretly." It's even more tiring to pay off debts after a hundred years. It is a castle peak where bones can be hidden. He is alone in the rain. It is even harder to be a brother with you in this life. " Second: "The white frost is sad at night, and the wind is low on the moon. The dream is like a deer around Yunshan, and the soul is like a chicken. The rhinoceros horn on the forehead is really a gentleman, and the cows behind him are ashamed of their old age. Where is the centenarian wandering? Tongxiang should be in western Zhejiang. " After the poem was written, the jailer gave it to Emperor Zongshen according to the regulations. Song Shenzong admired Su Shi's talent and didn't mean to kill him. He just wanted to dissuade Su Shi. After reading these two poems by Su Shi, I was very moved, but I couldn't help being impressed by such talent. In addition, many people in the dynasty interceded for Su Shi, and Wang Anshi also advised Zongshen that it was inappropriate for the holy dynasty to punish celebrities, so Zongshen ordered Su Shi to be lenient and demoted as the deputy envoy of Huangzhoutuan Yong Lian. The sensational Wutai Poetry Case ended, and Su Shi's two "Desperate Poems" were widely circulated.