How to cultivate students’ good Chinese learning habits

Psychological research shows that a habit is an automatic action and a long-lasting, natural psychological behavioral tendency. Once you develop good habits, they will last a lifetime. Therefore, educators attach great importance to cultivating good study habits among primary and secondary school students. Regarding the meaning of study habits, psychologists, educational psychologists, and educationists have different expressions from different perspectives. These expressions are all similar, and the heroes have similar views. From the perspective of primary and secondary education, we tend to have relatively stable and automated psychological and behavioral tendencies that are developed over a long period of time and through repeated repetition or practice. Educational and psychological research shows that study habits play a huge role in students' learning. 1. The role of study habits. The famous British educator Locke once pointed out: In fact, all education boils down to developing children's good study habits, and one's own happiness is often attributed to one's own habits. Therefore, Locke warned teachers: Anything that can make them develop habits is worthy of the instructor's attention and attention, because its impact is not small. He further pointed out: Once a habit is successfully cultivated, there is no need to rely on memory, and it will take effect easily and naturally. [1] Hull, an American educational psychologist, believes that if there is a lack of drive, habits will not be consolidated; if habits are not consolidated, learning will be zero. All learning is attributed to the formation and consolidation of habits. This shows the huge role of habits. [2] Regarding the role of learning habits in learning, the main performance is that it can improve students' learning efficiency and learning effects. From the above meaning of study habits, we can see that once a study habit is formed, it is a stable and automatic learning behavior, which is a huge force for learning; on the other hand, good study habits are also a kind of good learning method. This kind of habit or method has an automatic effect in specific learning activities. It can be done without the need for reminders from others and without the effort of one's own will. Therefore, good study habits can naturally apply scientific learning methods, thereby improving learning efficiency and effectiveness. A large number of facts show that students' academic performance is directly proportional to their study habits. Students with good academic performance are often students with good study habits; students with poor academic performance are often students with bad habits. Therefore, the quality of grades is directly related to students' study habits. Therefore, the famous educator Mr. Ye Shengtao emphasized that education is to develop good habits. It can be seen that good study habits play a huge role in learning. 2. The specific content of good Chinese learning habits (1) The habit of looking up the dictionary. Words are language materials. When you see new words, you must think of the silent teacher in the dictionary. With his help, you can read and learn. Can write, explain, and apply. Don’t wait, don’t rely, don’t let go, don’t be ambiguous. (2) A person who has the habit of writing seriously depends on his clothes and horse's saddle. Writing is the face of Chinese language. Words are like people's words. Good writing is pleasing to the eye, while poor writing is cruel. It will directly and seriously affect the Chinese language performance and hinder the performance of Chinese language. Interpersonal communication. In daily life, you should actively practice calligraphy (first practice regular script, and then practice running script), so that your writing can be serious, neat, beautiful, and heartfelt. Do not write typos, other characters, or traditional Chinese characters (except when creating calligraphy). Ignore punctuation, do not doodle, do not scribble. (3) The habit of accumulating and applying basic knowledge is a prerequisite for reading and composing, and must be highly valued. Be good at collecting and sorting out Chinese knowledge taught by teachers or various extracurricular books and exercises in class and after class, including the use of idioms, word analysis, grammar and rhetoric, typical ill sentences, punctuation usage, common knowledge of literature, culture and style, classical Chinese words and sentence patterns wait. Keep it in mind and flexibly apply this knowledge to sentence imitation, sentence order, coherent sentence meaning, language communication, reading, and writing. (4) The habit of reading and reading extracurricular books and periodicals are the wings of Chinese language learning. Only by reading more can you fly freely in the sky of Chinese language. You should never be without books for a day. Seeing extracurricular books and periodicals is like a hungry person throwing himself on bread. It is necessary to read widely, to be knowledgeable and strong, and to combine extensive reading with intensive reading. Don't read health books, just scratch the surface without asking for a deeper understanding. (5) The habit of taking reading notes. Thinking is the soul of Chinese learning, and reading notes is a tool for organizing thoughts and harvesting Chinese language. Appreciate the best paragraphs of beautiful articles and understand the sparks of thought, and be in-depth, practical, not frivolous, and not half-measured. (6) The habit of making abstracts. Good words and sentences are scattered everywhere like stars and jade. Making abstracts is like picking stars and jade. If you are digging for gold in the sand, you will definitely gain a lot.

An article may affect our thoughts throughout our lives, a good sentence may make our expressions more brilliant, a song, a joke, a story, a couplet, a catchphrase, a riddle, a poem, a painting, a paragraph A description and a famous saying are like flowers blooming in our language paradise. Chinese textbooks, extracurricular books and periodicals, advertising TV, other people’s mouths, etc. may all become sources for us to make abstracts. Can be excerpted, copied, and cut and pasted. Don’t write or read, pick up your pen and be a thoughtful person in life! (7) The habit of reading aloud Reading aloud is an important means of forming a sense of language. As long as the situation allows, read aloud. In reading, you can understand the meaning, appreciate the emotions, deepen your feelings, and strengthen your memory. When reading aloud, the voice should be loud, the articulation clear, smooth, and full of emotion. No words added, no words omitted, no typos read, no broken words, no hesitation, no blandness. (8) The habit of reciting poems and essays Reciting is an important way to accumulate words, form a sense of language, and learn to express. I have read three hundred Tang poems by heart, and can recite poems even if I can't compose them. Read the book a hundred times, and its meaning will become apparent. I can hold hundreds of essays and hundreds of poems in my heart, just like the water becomes a sea, absorbing all the rivers, integrating them, and making them available for my use. As the saying goes, reading thousands of volumes is like writing with a spirit. When reciting, you should strive to be accurate and proficient, and review in a timely manner. Don't memorize by rote, don't lose track of things. Pay special attention to understanding the requirements when dictating, writing carefully, and checking strictly to ensure accuracy. (9) Habits of annotating articles Annotation is a key means of reading comprehension. Read the beautiful article by outlining the dots, filter and capture important information, summarize and analyze the content of the article, and understand the article creatively. Annotations can help us sort out the structure, summarize the main idea, understand the writing method, taste and refine the language (refining the characters), think about and absorb the ideological connotation of the article, etc. It is necessary to circle carefully, use different pen-color symbols, side comments, general comments and other forms, combine comments and notes, boldly raise doubts and reason, and express your own opinions. No scribbling, no carelessness, no laziness. (10) The habit of doing reading exercises. Regularly doing reading exercises is an important way to improve and check your reading ability. After carefully annotating the article, write the questions carefully, carefully check the answers and carefully think about the reasons for the errors, and strive to find and summarize reading methods. When answering questions, be sure to recognize the style of writing, the four links (connect the center, link the meaning of the paragraph, link the writing method, and link the context), and the three inseparations (the words do not leave the sentence, the sentence does not leave the paragraph, the paragraph does not leave the article), actively use your brain, and dare to answer well. . Don't rush to answer questions without commenting on the article, don't write wrong sentences, don't write typos, don't miss important points. The more you practice, the better you will naturally improve your ability to answer questions. Of course, reading exercises are just a small step based on a strong accumulation. 3. Specific implementation methods to enable students to develop good Chinese learning habits. First, teachers should effectively guide students to practice, rather than just emphasizing theory. If the teacher does not teach the "learning" method, the students will naturally "not learn the method"; if the teacher does not teach the "learning" habit, of course the students will also lack good study habits. This first requires teachers to have good Chinese learning habits themselves, and to convey this habit to students consciously or unconsciously during the teaching process. For example, as teachers, we have the most basic Chinese learning habit of looking up in a dictionary. What we are used to is to check out the unknown words in advance and tell the students during class that there are basically no unknown words. We are afraid of encountering unknown words, making students embarrassed to ask, and thinking that it is something that students look down upon. thing. The teacher does all the work of looking up the dictionary, so students naturally don’t need to look up the dictionary. When encountering uncommon words, or some similar words with polyphonic glyphs, the teacher might as well put down the air and ask the students to take out the dictionary and look it up themselves. I often look up dictionaries with my classmates in class, and occasionally assign some homework that requires looking up dictionaries after class. At the beginning of the exercise, it may take more time and make us unable to complete the set teaching tasks, but I Think the waste is worth it. Over time, they naturally realize the importance of dictionaries. It is of little use for teachers to develop good habits by just talking and repeatedly emphasizing the importance of dictionaries but never using dictionaries in class. As long as they operate it frequently and use it frequently, they will suddenly discover in actual operation that many things I didn't know can be found in the dictionary. For example, once the reading text mentioned white chicken, and they were curious, I told them to look for it in the dictionary. The dictionary is the best teacher. They were surprised to find that the dictionary actually had an explanation for white-cut chicken, and also introduced in detail how to make white-cut chicken. In less than a semester, looking up the dictionary is no longer something that the teacher has to worry about. Second, teachers must consistently and consciously cultivate students’ Chinese language learning habits.

The most important thing in developing a habit is persistence. Mr. Ye pointed out: To develop a habit, it must be practiced repeatedly. [3] Lu Shuxiang also said: All habits are developed through repeated practice. The use of Chinese is a skill and a habit, which can only be developed through correct imitation and repeated practice. [4] Therefore, from knowledge to wisdom, from skills to habits, it is by no means a day's work. The reason why many people are able to speak fluently and eloquently is not the result of them seriously and carefully considering how to organize subject, predicate and object. It takes repeated practice to form habits, which requires our teachers to guide and urge them to form good habits without any slack. Third, teachers should correct their bad habits or lack of habits while developing good Chinese learning habits. If good habits cannot be persisted for a long time, they will inevitably be replaced by bad habits: if the habit of diligence cannot be developed, it will inevitably lead to laziness; if the habit of meticulous work cannot be formed, it will inevitably become careless. In fact, everyone has instinctive desires and inertia. While actively cultivating good study habits, we must always pay attention to resist the growth of bad habits. Just like some bad class habits and bad reading habits listed at the beginning of the article. The family has a family style, and the class has a class style. Once a good Chinese learning atmosphere is formed, it will naturally promote the Chinese learning of the entire class. Teachers truly regard cultivating good Chinese learning habits as an important teaching goal, and consciously and step by step focus on it repeatedly, making it a road to drive Chinese language to high efficiency.