Why can't "February Spring Breeze" be like "Chop Knife"?

? He Zhizhang's "Ode to the Willow" "The jasper is as tall as a tree, with thousands of green silk ribbons hanging down. I don't know who cut out the thin leaves. The spring breeze in February is like scissors." This poem is a clever metaphor. Where? Use the reduction method. Is "February Spring Breeze" originally "scissors"? Of course not. The author distorted the facts, but the poem is full of appeal and has withstood the test of history for many years. The expression is very artistic. If you think carefully, "spring breeze" is originally soft and warm, and February in the lunar calendar is equal to March in the solar calendar. After all, it is still a slightly cold early spring, so it is not absolutely inappropriate to use a knife to describe it, but it is not inappropriate to use "two". Is it okay to say "The spring breeze is like a kitchen knife"? It's obviously a joke. This is because the word "cut" is used in the previous sentence, so the word "cut" is not obtrusive. This is the poet's beautiful heart and embroidered words, a successful exploration of the potential functions of the Chinese language. Expression It is not just the characteristics of nature, but more importantly, the poet's admiration for the beauty of nature.

"Ten thousand green silk ribbons hanging down" generally have lush branches and luxuriant leaves. The willow branches are thick but the leaves are not thick. The willow silk is dense, but the willow leaves are very slender and delicate. The poet captured it for us with his eye for discovering beauty.

The willow tree is not jasper, but it is said to be jade; Willow leaves are not made of silk, but they have the characteristics of willow trees, but more importantly, they are the poet's emotional characteristics - using precious objects to express precious feelings. At the same time, tailoring belonged to women in ancient times. Together, the use of words in the whole poem becomes more harmonious and unified.

The artistic secret of this poem lies in its syntax. The reason why the three or four sentences of the poem are exquisite is that the poet pursues the intricacy of syntax in unity. The wonderful quatrains of Tang poetry often have a statement of affirmative tone in the first and second sentences, and often change into imperative, negative, and question in the third sentence. , or sigh. For example, Wang Wei's "Sending Yuan Er Envoy to Anxi" "I advise you to drink another glass of wine, and there will be no old friends when you leave Yangguan in the west." "It is an imperative sentence and an exclamation sentence; Wang Han's "Liangzhou Ci": "Don't laugh when you are lying drunk on the battlefield. How many people have fought in ancient times? "It is a negative tone and a rhetorical exclamation tone; Wang Zhihuan's "Liangzhou Ci": "Why should the Qiang flute blame the willows? The spring breeze does not pass through Yumen Pass. " is a questioning and negative tone; Wang Anshi's "Boating Boats in Guazhou": "The spring breeze is green again on the south bank of the river, when will the bright moon shine on me again?" is a questioning tone; Zhao Shixiu's "A Guest": "I have an appointment but I can't come until midnight, Knock the chess pieces and let the lights fall. "It is a negative mood... All the above syntactic structures seek changes in unity, and let the syntax and tone change in the third and fourth sentences.

Therefore, Yang Zai, a poetry critic in the Yuan Dynasty, wrote in "Poetry" "Jia Shu" particularly emphasizes the power of "turning" in the third sentence of quatrains, because every syllable in a quatrain has the same simple rhythm. Only by changing the tone of the third or fourth sentence can it not be too confusing. Monotony, this kind of harmony achieved in the unity and change of tone is not rigid.

From the perspective of cultural criticism, although this poem is unified and harmonious in terms of external rhythm and internal emotion, it is not dull. But its basic content shows a fixed concept of women. Their beauty is linked to makeup and women's handiwork, whether it is "makeup" or "scissors", whether it is "jasper" (Xiaojiabiyu) or "jasper". "Silk Ribbon" are all expressions of some kind of male taste and are for men to appreciate. This is obviously a manifestation of male discourse hegemony. If analyzed in this way, the beauty of this poem may be deconstructed.

? It can be seen that the contradictions contained in such a small poem are diverse, and it is very difficult to reveal them from many aspects.

(Note: text excerpts, reflections. Yu Sun Shaozhen's "A Close Reading of Masterpieces" (Shanghai Education Press)