What preparations are needed to resume work after the Spring Festival? Look at all the preparations, they couldn’t be more detailed!

1. Tasks, content, classification and requirements of preparation work

1.1 Basic tasks of construction preparation work

Establish necessary technology for the construction of the proposed project and labor conditions, and make overall arrangements for construction forces and construction sites.

1.2 The Importance of Construction Preparation

Construction preparation is an important part of the production and operation management of construction enterprises.

Construction preparation is an important stage of the building construction process.

Make preparations for construction and reduce construction risks.

Make preparations for construction and improve the comprehensive economic benefits of the enterprise.

1.3 Classification and content of construction preparation work

1.3.1 Classification of construction preparation work

1.3.1.1 Classification according to the scope of construction preparation work< /p>

(1) General preparation for construction (full-site construction preparation)

(2) Preparation for construction conditions of individual (unit) projects

(3) Division ( Sub-item) Preparation of project operating conditions

1.3.1.2 Classification according to different construction stages of the project

(1) Construction preparation before the start of construction

(2) Construction preparations before each stage of construction

1.4. Requirements for construction preparations Construction preparations should be organized, planned, and carried out in stages and steps. Establish a strict responsibility system for construction preparations and a corresponding inspection system. Adhere to the basic construction procedures and strictly implement the construction start reporting system. Construction preparation work must be carried out throughout the entire construction process. Construction preparations must obtain friendly support and cooperation from all relevant cooperating units.

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2. Construction site personnel preparation

The scope of labor organization preparation includes both the labor organization preparation of the entire construction enterprise and large-scale comprehensive planning. There are labor organization preparations for construction projects, as well as small and simple unit projects to be built. Here we only take a proposed engineering project as an example to illustrate the content of labor organization preparation work as follows:

2.1 Labor organization preparation

Labor organization preparation includes: construction management and operation level ""

1. Establish a leadership organization for the proposed project

2. Organize a capable construction team

3. Gather construction forces and organize labor to enter the site

4. Provide construction organization design, plans and technical explanations to the construction team and workers

5. Establish and improve various management systems. For more information, please follow the WeChat official account: Construction Project Home

2.1.1 Establish the leadership organization of the proposed project

The establishment of the construction organization should follow the following principles: According to the scale, structural characteristics and complexity of the proposed project determine the candidates and quotas for the leadership agency for the construction of the proposed project; adhere to the combination of reasonable division of labor and close collaboration; select people with construction experience, innovative spirit, and work efficiency into the leadership agency; conscientiously implement the establishment of duties according to the circumstances, and the Principles of job selection.

Establishing a project organization structure is to establish a project management department.

2.1.2 Steps to establish the project management department;

1) Determine the management tasks and organizational form of the project management department according to the "Project Management Planning Outline" approved by the enterprise;

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2) Determine the level of the project manager, and establish functional departments and positions;

3) Determine personnel, responsibilities, and authorities;

4) The project manager shall determine the level of the project manager according to the " "Project Management Objective Responsibility Letter" to decompose objectives;

5) Organize relevant personnel to formulate rules and regulations, objective responsibility assessment, reward and punishment systems.

2.1.3 The organizational form of the project management department should be determined according to the scale, structural complexity, professional characteristics, personnel quality and geographical scope of the construction project.

1) Large and medium-sized projects should be organized according to a matrix project management organization;

2) Large and medium-sized projects that are far away from corporate management should be organized according to a divisional project management organization Project Management Department;

3) Small projects should set up a project management department according to the linear functional project management organization.

2.2 Establishing a capable construction team

The establishment of a construction team must carefully consider the reasonable coordination of majors and types of work. The proportion of technicians and general workers must meet the reasonable labor organization. In line with the requirements of the flow construction organization method, it is determined to establish a construction team (either a professional construction team or a mixed construction team), and the principles of rationality and leanness must be adhered to; at the same time, a labor demand plan for the project must be formulated.

2.3 Gather construction forces and organize the labor force to enter the site

After the leading organization of the construction site is determined, organize the labor force to enter the site according to the start date and labor demand plan. At the same time, education on safety, fire prevention and civilized construction must be carried out, and employees' lives must be arranged well.

2.4 Provide construction organization design, plan and technical explanation to the construction team and workers

①Purpose: To clarify the design content, construction plan and construction technology requirements of the proposed project. Explain in detail to the construction team and workers. This is a great way to implement planning and technical accountability.

② Time: Carry out in time before the start of the unit project or sub-project to ensure that the project is constructed in strict accordance with the design drawings, construction organization design, safety operating procedures and construction acceptance specifications.

③Content:

(1) Relevant contents in the construction site (team) disclosure: such as whether the construction conditions are met, cooperation and conflicts with other types of work, etc., submit to Party A Ask them to come forward to coordinate, etc.

(2) Construction scope, project volume, workload and construction progress requirements: Mainly based on your actual situation, just explain to Party A realistically.

(3) Explanation of construction drawings: the designer’s general ideas, as well as problems he or she will have in future construction, etc.

(4) Construction plan measures: Based on the actual situation of the project, prepare a reasonable and effective construction organization design and a safe and civilized construction plan, etc.

(5) Operation technology and ensure quality and safety Measures: advanced mechanical equipment and high-quality workers, etc.

(6) Process quality standards and assessment methods: refer to current industry standards and corresponding design and acceptance specifications

( 7) Technical inspection and inspection and acceptance requirements: including standards for self-inspection and supervision sampling

(8) Production increase and conservation indicators and measures:

(9) Technical record content and requirements;

(10) Other construction precautions.

④Methods: There are written forms, oral forms and on-site demonstration forms, etc.

2.5 Establish and improve various management systems

(1) Job responsibilities of project managers System;

(2) Project technical management system;

(3) Project quality management system;

(4) Project safety management system;

(5)Project planning, statistics and progress management system;

(6)Project cost accounting system;

(7)Project materials, machinery and equipment management system;< /p>

(8) Project site management system;

(9) Project allocation and reward system;

(10) Regular project meeting and construction log system;

(11) Project subcontracting and labor management system;

(12) Project organization and coordination system;

(13) Project information management system.

2.6 Optimize labor mix and technical training

(1) In view of the difficulties in project construction, organize the backbone of engineering technicians and worker teams to conduct inspections and studies on similar projects;

(2) Provide professional engineering technology training to improve the adaptability to the use and operation of new processes and new materials;

(3) Strengthen quality awareness, do a good job in quality education, and enhance Quality concept;

(4) Worker teams implement optimized combination, two-way selection, and dynamic management to maximize the enthusiasm of employees;

(5) Carry out construction organization carefully and comprehensively Design implementation and technical briefing work;

(6) Provide education on construction safety, safe fire prevention and civilized construction.

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3. Construction site preparation

3.1 Concept and purpose of construction site preparation

The construction site is all participants in the construction In order to seize high-quality, high-speed, low-cost targets, the activity space is to conduct tactical decisive battles in a rhythmic, balanced and continuous manner.

The preparation of the construction site is mainly to create favorable construction conditions and material guarantee for the construction of the proposed project.

3.2 Contents of construction site preparation

(1) Do a good job of "three connections and one leveling"

(2) Do a good job of control network measurement of the construction site

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(3) Build temporary facilities

(4) Install and debug construction machinery

(5) Do a good job in supplementary exploration of the construction site

(6) Do a good job in the storage and stacking of building components (accessories), products and materials

(7) Provide trial application plans for building materials in a timely manner

(8) Set up fire protection, Security facilities

(9) Remove obstacles

3.2.1 Do a good job of "three connections and one level"

"Three connections and one level" refers to water connections, roads Access, electricity, and site leveling. To learn more, please follow the WeChat public account: Construction Engineering Home.

"Five connections and one leveling" refers to water, electricity, road, communications, gas, and site leveling.

"Seven connections and one leveling" refers to water supply, drainage, electricity, roads, communications, gas, heat, and site leveling.

Lutong: The roads at the construction site are the arteries that organize the transportation of materials. Before the start of the proposed project, the permanent roads at the construction site (including factory railways and factory roads) and necessary temporary roads must be repaired in accordance with the requirements of the general construction plan to form a complete and smooth transportation network for the entry and stacking of construction materials. Create favorable conditions.

Water connection: Water is indispensable for production and life at the construction site. Before the proposed project is started, the construction water and domestic water pipelines must be connected in accordance with the requirements of the general construction plan, and they must be combined with the permanent water supply system as much as possible, and the ground drainage system must be well established to create a good environment for construction. .

Dentsu: Electricity is the main source of power at the construction site. Before the proposed project starts, power and telecommunications facilities must be connected according to the requirements of the construction organization design, and other energy sources (such as steam, compression, etc.) must be connected. Air) supply to ensure the normal operation of power equipment and communication equipment at the construction site.

Leveling the site: According to the requirements of the general construction plan, first remove the buildings or structures on the site that hinder the construction, and then according to the According to the elevation and vertical design drawings of the earthwork specified in the general plan of the building, calculate the amount of excavation (filling) earthwork, determine the construction plan for leveling the site, and carry out the work of leveling the construction site.

3.2.2 Construction site. Control network measurement

(1) According to the general building plan provided by the design unit and the given permanent latitude and longitude coordinate control network and level control foundation piles, carry out factory construction measurements and set up the permanent latitude and longitude base of the factory area. Marking piles, leveling foundation piles and establishing a plant engineering measurement control network

(2) When measuring and setting out, measuring instruments such as theodolite, level, steel ruler, etc. should be calibrated; check the connection piles and Developing practical measurement plans for leveling points includes plane control, elevation control, settlement observation and completion measurement;

(3) Building positioning and setting out, generally determine the building through the plane control axis in the design drawing The location of the object shall be determined and submitted to the relevant departments and construction units or supervisors for inspection after passing the self-inspection to ensure the accuracy of positioning. After the buildings along the red line are laid out, the urban planning department shall inspect the line to prevent buildings from building. Press the red line or exceed the red line to create conditions for normal and smooth construction.

3.2.3 Build temporary facilities

Construct temporary facilities according to the layout of the construction master plan and prepare for the official start of construction. Temporary housing for production, office, living, residence and storage.

3.2.4 Installation and debugging of construction machinery and tools

Organize the arrival of construction machinery and tools according to the demand plan. The construction master plan places construction machines and tools in specified locations or warehouses. Fixed machines and tools must be put in place, set up, powered on, maintained and debugged. All construction machines and tools must be inspected and tested before starting work.

3.2.5 Carry out supplementary exploration at the construction site

The purpose of supplementary exploration at the construction site is to further search for dry wells, air-raid shelters, ancient tombs, underground pipelines, underground trenches, dead tree roots, etc. Hidden objects, so that plans for dealing with hidden objects can be formulated and implemented in a timely manner. Create favorable conditions for basic engineering construction.

3.2.6 Do a good job in the storage and stacking of building structures (accessories), products and materials

Organize and plan according to the demand for building materials, structures (accessories) and products storage and stacking in accordance with the location and specified method specified in the construction master plan.

3.2.7 Provide the test application plan for building materials in a timely manner

Provide the test application plan for building materials in a timely manner according to the demand plan for building materials. Such as testing the mechanical properties and chemical composition of steel; testing the mix ratio and strength of concrete or mortar.

3.2.8 Set up fire protection and security facilities

In accordance with the requirements of construction organization design and the layout of the general construction plan, fire protection shall be established. Security and other organizational structures and relevant rules and regulations, and arrangements for fire protection, security and other measures.

3.2.9 Removing obstacles

(1) All above-ground and underground obstacles at the construction site should be removed before starting work;

(2) For house demolition, generally only the water source and power supply can be cut off. If blasting is used, it must be approved by relevant departments and must be undertaken by professional blasting operators;

(3) Overhead wires (power, communications), underground cables (including power, communications) For dismantling, you must contact the power department or communications department and go through relevant procedures before proceeding;

(4) For the dismantling of tap water, sewage, gas, heat and other pipelines, you must contact the relevant departments and complete the process. The procedures will be completed by a professional company;

(5) If there are trees on the site, they must be reported to the gardening department for approval before they can be cut down;

(6) If obstacles are removed, leave Dirt and other debris should be removed from the site.

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IV. Technical preparation

4.1 Technical preparation is the core of construction preparation.

Any technical errors or hidden dangers may cause personal safety and quality accidents, resulting in huge losses of life, property and economy. Therefore, technical preparations must be made carefully.

The specific contents are as follows:

1. Be familiar with and review the drawings

2. Prepare the construction organization design after winning the bid

3. Prepare construction drawing budget and construction budget

4. Investigation and analysis of original data

4.1.1 Familiar with and jointly review drawings

(1) Familiar with and review construction drawings Purpose

(1) In order to carry out construction smoothly in accordance with the requirements of the design drawings and produce final products that meet the design requirements;

(2) In order to use the The construction technology and management personnel engaged in the construction project fully understand and master the design intention, structural characteristics and technical requirements of the design drawings;

(3) Through review, problems and errors in the drawings are discovered, so that they can be It is corrected before the start of construction to provide an accurate design drawing for formal construction.

(2) Basis for familiarity with and review of construction drawings

(1) Preliminary design, construction drawing design, general plan of construction project and other information provided by the construction unit and design unit;

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(2) Investigation and collection of original data;

(3) Design, construction acceptance specifications and relevant technical regulations.

(3) Contents of joint review of drawings

(1) Whether it is an unlicensed design or a leapfrog design; whether the drawings are officially signed by the design unit.

(2) Whether the geological exploration data are complete.

(3) Whether the design drawings and instructions comply with local requirements.

(4) Whether the design seismic intensity meets local requirements.

(5) Are there any conflicts between the drawings of the same design produced by several design units? Are there any conflicts between professional drawings and vertical sections? Are there any omissions in the annotations?

(6) Whether the geometric dimensions, plane position, elevation, etc. of the general plane and the construction drawing are consistent.

(7) Whether fire prevention and fire protection are met.

(8) Whether there are errors and contradictions in the building structure and the professional drawings; whether the plane dimensions and elevations of the structural drawings and architectural drawings are consistent; whether the expression methods of the architectural drawings and structural drawings are clear; whether they conform to the drawings standards; whether the embedded parts are clearly shown; whether there is a detailed list of steel bars or whether the structural requirements of the steel bars are clearly shown in the drawings.

(9) Whether the construction unit has the various standard drawings listed in the construction drawings.

(10) Whether the source of materials is guaranteed and whether they can be replaced; whether the conditions required in the picture can be met; whether there are any problems with the application of new materials and new technologies.

(11) Whether the foundation treatment method is reasonable, and whether there are any nuclear technical problems in the building and structural structure that cannot be constructed or are inconvenient for construction, or may easily lead to problems in quality, safety, and engineering costs, etc.

(12) Are there any conflicts between process pipelines, electrical lines, equipment, transportation roads and buildings or between each other, and whether the layout is reasonable.

(13) Whether construction safety and environmental sanitation are guaranteed.

(14) Whether the drawings meet the requirements set out in the supervision program

(4) Review procedures. The process of getting familiar with and reviewing design drawings is usually divided into three stages: self-review stage, joint review stage and on-site visa.

①Self-review stage of design drawings.

After the construction unit receives the design drawings and relevant technical documents of the proposed project. Relevant engineering and technical personnel should be organized as soon as possible to familiarize themselves with and self-review the drawings, and write down records of the self-review drawings. The records of self-review drawings should include questions about the design drawings and relevant suggestions on the design drawings.

②The joint review stage of design drawings.

Generally, it is hosted by the construction unit and attended by the design unit, construction unit, and supervision unit. The three parties conduct a joint review of the design drawings. During the joint review of drawings, the project chief designer of the design unit will first explain the design basis, intention and functional requirements of the proposed project to the participants, and put forward design requirements for special structures, new materials, new processes and new technologies; then the construction unit will Self-examination records and understanding of the design intention, raising questions and suggestions on the design drawings, forming "drawing review minutes", which are officially written by the construction unit, signed and sealed by the participating units, and used together with the design documents. Technical documents and basis for guiding construction.

③ On-site visa stage of design drawings.

During the construction of the proposed project, if it is found that the construction conditions are inconsistent with the conditions of the design drawings, or there are still errors in the drawings, or because the specifications and quality of the materials cannot meet the design requirements, or because The construction unit has put forward rational suggestions. When the design drawings need to be revised in a timely manner, the construction site visa of the drawings should be carried out in accordance with the visa system for technical approval and design changes. If the content of the design change has a significant impact on the scale and investment of the proposed project, it must be submitted to the original approval unit of the project for approval. All drawing modifications, technical approvals and design changes at the construction site must be formally recorded and included in the construction files of the proposed project as the basis for guiding construction, completion acceptance and project settlement.

(5) Be familiar with relevant norms, procedures and technical regulations

4.1.2 Prepare construction organization design after winning the bid

Construction organization design is an important part of construction preparation work It is also a technical and economic document that guides all production activities at the construction site. The whole process of construction production activities is a very complex process of re-creating material wealth. In order to correctly handle people and things, subjects and auxiliaries, technology and equipment, profession and collaboration, supply and consumption, production and storage, use and maintenance, and their The relationship between spatial arrangement and time arrangement must be based on the scale, structural characteristics and requirements of the construction unit of the proposed project, and on the basis of investigation and analysis of original data, a scientific plan that can effectively guide all construction activities of the project must be compiled. Plan (construction organization design).

4.1.3 Preparation of construction drawing budget and construction budget

(1) Construction drawing budget

Construction drawing budget is an important part of technical preparation work. It is a document that determines the project cost prepared by the construction unit in accordance with the project quantities determined in the construction drawings, the construction methods formulated by the construction organization design, the construction budget quota and fee standards. It is an important basis for construction enterprises to sign project contract contracts, project settlements, bank loans, cost accounting, and strengthening operation and management.

(2) Construction budget

The construction budget is an internal economic document prepared by the construction unit based on the construction contract price, construction drawings, construction organization design or construction plan, construction quota and other documents. , which is directly controlled by the contract price in the construction contract and is an important preparatory work before construction.

(3) The difference between construction drawing budget and construction budget

Construction drawing budget is a technical and economic document used by Party A and Party B to determine the budget unit price and create economic contact; while the construction budget is a technical and economic document for the construction enterprise The basis for internal economic accounting. The comparison between construction drawing budget and construction budget consumption and economic benefits, commonly known as "two calculations" comparison, is an important means to promote construction enterprises to reduce material consumption and increase accumulation.

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V. Preparation of on-site production materials

5.1 Materials, structural parts, products, machines and equipment are the material basis to ensure the smooth progress of construction .

The preparation of these materials must be completed before the start of the project. According to the demand plan for various materials, the sources of goods are respectively implemented, and transportation and storage are arranged to meet the requirements of continuous construction.

Content of material preparation work:

(1) Preparation of building materials

(2) Preparation for processing of structural (accessory) parts and products

(3) Preparation of construction and installation machinery

(4) Preparation of formwork and scaffolding

(5) Preparation of production process equipment

5.1. 1 Preparation of building materials

The preparation of building materials is mainly based on the analysis of the construction budget. According to the requirements of the construction schedule, the material name, specifications, mineral material reserve quota and consumption quota during use are summarized and compiled. The material requirements plan provides the basis for organizing material preparation, determining the area required for warehouses and site stacking, and organizing transportation;

5.1.2 Preparation for processing components (accessories) and products

< p> According to the names, specifications, quality and consumption of components (accessories) and products provided by the construction budget, determine the processing plan and supply channels as well as the storage location and method after entering the site, and prepare a demand plan to organize transportation , provide basis for determining the yard area, etc.

5.1.3 Preparation of construction and installation machinery

According to the adopted construction plan, arrange the construction progress, determine the type, quantity and arrival time of the construction machinery, and determine the supply method of the construction machinery and the storage location and method after entering the site, prepare a demand plan for construction and installation machinery, and provide a basis for organizing transportation and determining the storage area;

5.1.4 Preparation of templates and scaffolding

< p>5.1.5 Preparation of production process equipment

Propose the name, model, production capacity and required quantity of the process equipment according to the production process flow of the proposed project and the layout diagram of the process equipment, and determine the phased and batch progress. On-site time and storage methods, prepare a demand plan for process equipment, and provide a basis for organizing transportation and determining the area of ??the storage yard.

Procedures for material preparation:

Procedures for material preparation are an important means of preparing materials. It is usually carried out according to the following procedures:

(1) Prepare material requirement plan

According to the construction budget, division (item) project construction method and construction progress arrangement, formulate state-appropriated materials , unified materials, local materials, structural (accessory) parts and products, construction machinery and process equipment and other materials demand plan;

(2) Organize the supply of goods

According to various Material demand planning, organizing supply sources, determining processing and supply locations and supply methods, and signing material supply contracts;

(3) Transportation plan

Plan according to the demand for various materials and contract, proposed transportation plan and transportation plan;

(4) Material storage and custody methods

According to the requirements of the construction master plan, organize materials to arrive at the site as scheduled and at the designated location , stored or stacked in the prescribed manner.

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6. Preparation for seasonal construction

6.1 Preparation for construction during rainy season

(1) Reasonably arrange construction during rainy season.

More arrangements should be made to complete foundations, underground works, earthworks, outdoor and roofing projects and other projects that are not suitable for construction during the rainy season; more indoor work should be left for construction during the rainy season;

(2) Strengthen construction management and do a good job in rainy season construction safety education;

(3) Flood prevention and drainage, and on-site drainage work;

(4) Road maintenance to ensure smooth transportation;

( 5) Do a good job in storing materials;

(6) Do a good job in protecting machinery and equipment.

6.2 Preparation for winter construction

(1) Organize the arrival of relevant machinery, admixtures and thermal insulation materials and temperature measurement materials in advance according to the physical project quantity;

(2 ) Build a boiler room, mixing station, and pipe laying for heating, conduct fire and pressure tests on the boiler, and check the safety and reliability of various heating materials and equipment;

(3) Calculate the transformer capacity , energy-saving power supply;

(4) Temporary water supply and drainage pipes and lime plaster and other materials on the construction site should be insulated and anti-freeze to prevent road water from turning into ice, and clear snow in time to ensure smooth transportation;

(5) Do a good job in the trial mix test of concrete, mortar and admixtures for winter construction, and propose the construction mix ratio;

(6) Do a good job in thermal insulation of indoor construction projects. If completed first Heating system, installation of door and window glass, etc. to ensure smooth construction of other indoor projects.

6.3 Summer construction preparation

(1) Prepare the construction plan for the summer construction project.

(2) Preparation of on-site lightning protection devices.

(3) Preparation of construction workers for heatstroke prevention and cooling.

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