That pink skirt is like a warm sunshine. What rhetorical devices are used?

That pink dress, like a ray of warm sunshine, swept away the haze of childhood.

metaphor

Topic 7. Correct use of common rhetorical methods

For language expression, grammar can solve unworkable problems, logic can solve right problems, and rhetoric can solve good problems. Now the college entrance examination proposition pays more attention to ability and conception, so the rhetorical examination is undoubtedly the most important. The review of "correctly using common rhetorical methods" should start from the following three aspects:

Be familiar with eight rhetorical methods and distinguish easily confused figures of speech.

The examination syllabus defines eight rhetorical methods: metaphor, analogy, metonymy, exaggeration, duality, parallelism, rhetorical questions. The premise of correct application is to accurately understand and master the basic concepts and characteristics of these eight rhetorical methods.

metaphor

The characteristics of (1) metaphor

Metaphor is "metaphor" That is, to grasp the similarities between two different things and compare one thing with another. The structure of metaphor is generally composed of ontology (object to be compared), vehicle (object to be compared) and figurative words (symbol of figurative relationship).

⑵ A metaphor must meet the following conditions: ① A and B must be essentially different things; There must be similarities between A and B ... Both are indispensable.

The following situations, although there are metaphors, are not metaphors:

Suppose wild onions smell like domestic onions, but taste like fresh plums. (for comparison)

Only on one side of the path, there are some gaps, which seem to be reserved for moonlight. (table guess)

Whenever I see this red scarf, I feel like I am in a pure youth. (table imagination)

Many epic heroes have emerged in our time, such as Xu Honggang and Li Xiangqun. (list)

(3) Types of metaphor

1 simile. The typical form is: A is like B, and ontological vehicles all appear, which are connected by metaphors such as "image, image, as if, as if". For example, the twinkling stars in the sky are like gems on black curtains. It is so close to us! Black mountain peaks stand in front like giants. The surrounding mountains surround the valley like a well.

2 metaphor. The typical form is: A is B, both ontology and vehicle appear, and there are no figurative words in the middle. It is often associated with "yes", "success" and "success". For example, more often, the dark clouds are four in one, and the mountains and rivers are all ink landscapes.

3 metaphor. The typical form is: A generation B. Without ontology, it directly describes the vehicle. For example, unique heroes drive tigers and leopards, and no hero is afraid of bears.

4 metaphor. Use several metaphors to compare the same ontology from different angles and with different similarities. For example, among the layers of leaves, there are some white flowers dotted sporadically, some bloom gracefully and some bloom shyly; Like a pearl, like a star in the blue sky, like a beauty who just took a bath. (Pearl, Star and Beauty Who Just Showed Bath describe the beauty of lotus from the perspectives of color, luster and feeling, and grasp the similarities such as light, faint flicker, freshness and tranquility. )

(4) Attention points of metaphor

① Vehicles should be common and easy to understand; ② Metaphor should be appropriate; ③ Pay attention to thoughts and feelings.

4. Similar

Characteristics of (1) analogy

Comparison is to write things as people, or people as crops, or things as something else. Its formal characteristics are: things are humanized, or people are materialized, or things are materialized.

(2) the type of analogy

(1) personification (writing things as adults). For example, Du Fuchuan is singing and laughing in the willows, and the red flag is fluttering.

(2) simulacra (writing people as objects or writing A as objects B). For example, if we are honest, there will be bullies. If we dare to use a knife, the bully will have to run with his tail between his legs.

3. Metonymy.

Characteristics of (1) metonymy

Don't directly say what you want to say, but borrow something related to it instead. It emphasizes the correlation between two things.

(2) Types of metonymy

① Feature-generated ontology. For example, in recent years, the martial arts of Wenzhi, like "Purple Stone Yueyun" I read when I was young, can't recite half a sentence. (replace the four books and five classics with Confucius' Poem Cloud, etc.)

(2) Concrete generation abstraction. For example, don't take a needle or thread from the masses. (replace the property of the masses with "one needle and one thread")

(3) proper name generalization. For example, three cobblers make a Zhuge Liang. (Use "Zhuge Liang" to refer to Zhi Dai people)

(4) Famous works. For example, we should read more books about Lu Xun. (Replace Lu Xun's works with "Lu Xun")

⑤ Part replaces the whole. For example: sing low eyebrows and don't write, and the moonlight shines like water on the skirt. (Use "eyebrows" instead of people's heads)

⑥ Individual generation is average. For example, when the emperor or Chiang Kai-shek came out, the streets were cleaned and sprinkled with clear water; But where their carts or cars don't pass, they haven't seen brooms and buckets. (Use "broom" and "bucket" instead of street cleaning tools)

All landowners raw materials rather than finished products. For example, Ah Q approached the counter and reached out from his waist, full of silver and copper. (Use "silver" and "copper" instead of silver and copper coins)

(8) Place name replaces ontology. For example, Acheson Q###J is asking about American public opinion, which is the "public opinion" of Wall Street, not American public opinion. (Replace the American monopoly bourgeoisie with "Wall Street")

(3) Attention points of metonymy

We must grasp the most typical characteristics of things and give a general explanation of borrowed things in a certain language environment. In addition, metonymic borrowing and ontological things cannot appear at the same time.

Step 4 exaggerate

(1) exaggerated features

In order to pursue a certain expressive effect, it is reasonable to deliberately expand or shrink the original things. Requirements are used without losing the foundation and basis of life and without exaggeration.

(2) types of exaggeration

① Enlarge and exaggerate. For example, I suspect that the Milky Way has set for nine days.

(2) reduce exaggeration. For example, a man dressed in black stood in front of the old bolt with eyes like two knives, and the old bolt was cut in half.

3 exaggerate in advance. For example, when you see such bright green wheat seedlings, you can smell the white flour steamed bread.

(3) Pay attention to exaggeration.

(1) exaggeration is not grandiose, but deliberate and reasonable exaggeration, and the foundation and basis of life cannot be lost; 2 exaggeration should not be too close to the facts, otherwise it will be unclear whether it is telling the facts or exaggerating; 3 exaggeration should pay attention to stylistic features, such as scientific and technological discourses and rational articles, which are rarely or even used to avoid distorting the facts.

5. Duality

(1) dual characteristics

Duality is "duality", also known as "duality". It must be a pair of phrases or sentences with equal words, relative parts of speech, the same structure and related meanings. The relationship between the two sentences includes inheritance, progression, causality, hypothesis and conditions.

(2) the type of duality

① According to the content, it can be divided into right, reverse and string.

Exactly: the meaning of the upper and lower sentences is similar, similar, complementary and contrasting. Such as the silver hoes of Wuling in the sky, and the iron arms of Sanjiang shake.

Objection: the upper and lower sentences are opposite. For example, frown at thousands of people and bow your head as a willing ox.

Series pair: Also called "flow pair". The meanings of the upper and lower sentences are inheritance, progressive, causal, hypothetical and conditional. For example, because of Peng's wingspan, there is no way to get through.

② According to the form, it can be divided into working pair and wide pair.

The so-called pairing of works is to strictly follow the requirements of pairing in terms of words, parts of speech, structure, level and words; The so-called tolerance means that it basically meets the requirements of confrontation, but it is slightly different in some aspects. That is to say, the formal requirements are a little looser.

③ According to the structure, it can be divided into component duality and sentence duality.

Binary composition. For example, the ignorance of mountains and rivers, butterfly geese heartless; However, they treat human beings fairly and equally, that is, they will not laugh because of the rich and powerful, nor will they skimp on Shan Ye's fishing and firewood.

Duality of sentence. For example, the reeds on the wall are top-heavy and shallow; Bamboo shoots in the mountains have a thick mouth and an empty stomach.

Step 6 be parallel

Characteristics of (1) parallelism

Parallelism consists of three or more phrases or sentences with the same or similar structure, related content and consistent tone. The same word that is often emphasized repeatedly appears in the same position in every phrase or sentence.

(2) Parallel types

(1) component ratio. For example, the song of Yan' an ... is a torch in the dark, coal in snowy days, and rain in drought.

② Sentence parallelism. For example, their quality is so pure and noble, their will is so tough and strong, their temperament is so simple and humble, and their mind is so beautiful and broad.

(7) Ask questions.

The characteristic of asking questions is "asking without doubt". Often know perfectly well past ask, ask yourself and answer yourself or just ask without answering.

For example, what pigment does a white flower contain? White flowers have no pigment. (Ask yourself and answer yourself)

Let's take another example: Dear friends, when you get on the first tram in the morning and walk to the factory, when you go to the field with a plow on your shoulder ... Friends, do you realize that you are in happiness? (Ask without answering)

⒏ rhetorical question

Rhetorical questions also have the characteristics of "asking without doubt", and the clear meaning is expressed in the form of questions. Question marks are usually used at the end of sentences, and some can also use exclamation marks.

There are two forms of rhetorical question:

(1) there is no answer rhetorical question. It includes two forms: expressing negative content with affirmative sentences and expressing positive content with negative sentences.

For example, what are people who have a world view to be proud of? (Negative form is positive form)

As for me, isn't it my fault? (use negative form to express affirmation)

(2) rhetorical questions asked and answered. For example, isn't the person who dares to do this a hero? It can be said that he is a hero, a great hero.

Secondly, we should pay special attention to and strengthen the analysis of confusing figures of speech.

1. Metaphor and analogy

Metaphor and analogy are both rhetorical devices to strengthen language image, but they are two different rhetorical methods.

⑴ Different in nature and function: Metaphor emphasizes the similarity between A and B, and uses metaphor to compare ontology, with emphasis on "metaphor". But analogy is to imitate the characteristics of "quasi-body" (the simulated thing) and write the ontology, with the emphasis on "quasi"

⑵ Different sentence structures: Metaphorical sentences are composed of noumenon, vehicle and metaphor. Although metonymy does not appear in the form of metaphor and ontology, it can be transformed into simile and metaphor of metaphor and ontology. No matter what kind of metaphor, there are always metaphors; Analogical sentences mainly use imagination to simulate ontology as a certain behavior, action or modality of people or things. Whether it is anthropomorphic or quasi-physical, there is always no quasi-physical.

4. Metonymy and metonymy

Metonymy and metonymy are based on borrowing rather than ontology, and ontology does not appear. There are two differences between them:

(1) Metonymy focuses on analogy and can be replaced by simile; Metonymy focuses on reference and cannot be changed into simile. For example:

A warrior with shortcomings is a warrior after all, and a perfect fly is just a fly after all.

(2) After a hundred years of weakness, we fought Yan 'an for eight years.

"Perfect flies" is a metaphor for those reactionary guys. In simile, it can be written as "reactionary guy is like a fly" (2) "Fighting" and "Yan 'an" are metonymic, "Fighting" stands for War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, and "Yan 'an" stands for China's * * * production party. This is the substitution of concrete things for abstract things, which is irreplaceable by similes.

⑵ metonymy ontology is similar to vehicle, and metonymy ontology is related to vehicle.

3. Parallelism and duality

There are three main differences between parallelism and duality:

(1) parallelism is the conjunction of three or more terms, and duality is the opposition of two terms.

⑵ Parallelism is not limited to words, and the sentence pattern is generally neat. Duality requires not only the same number of words, but also the same structure.

(3) Parallelism often contains repeated words, while antithesis tries to avoid repetition of the same word.

4. Questions and rhetorical questions

Both rhetorical questions and rhetorical questions are "knowing perfectly well past asking". In this respect, they are different from interrogative sentences. The main differences between them are:

(1) Ask yourself and answer yourself, and answer questions if you have any questions; You don't have to answer a rhetorical question In fact, you generally don't need to answer, but the answer is clear.

(2) The rhetorical question should be followed by a question mark, and the rhetorical question can be followed by an exclamation point.

Third, the comprehensive use of figures of speech can not be ignored.

In the practical application of language, several figures of speech are often used in combination. Tables can be divided into three types: application, continuous use and dual use:

1. Interpretation-One rhetoric contains another rhetoric. For example, it is a ship standing on the coast overlooking the sea, and the tip of the mast can already be seen. Standing on the top of the mountain overlooking the east is the rising sun, a mature baby restless in its mother's womb. (Metaphor is applied to parallelism)

4. Combination-Several figures of speech are used continuously in a sentence, and they are neither integrated nor included. For example, "it's like a strong wind in spring, which blows at night and blows open the petals of 10 thousand pear trees." At the moment, Chang 'an Avenue in the east and west has become a noisy ocean. (combination of quotation and metaphor)

3. Use both-a rhetoric way has two or more figures of speech. If you add nine twists of the Yellow River to your tears, you hate the three peaks and the low Hua Yue. (Duality, exaggeration, metaphor)

(2) Clarify the expressive effect of rhetoric and cultivate the ability to use rhetoric.

Clarifying the expressive effects of eight rhetorical methods is the premise of judging their right and wrong, advantages and disadvantages. The expressive effects of the eight rhetorical methods are as follows:

(1) Metaphor: turn plain into vivid, abstruse into simple, abstract into concrete, and redundant into concise.

⑵ personification: being human, kind and natural; Vivid image and vivid language.

(3) Metonymy: replace complexity with simplicity, replace emptiness with reality, replace vulgarity with strangeness, and replace affection with things.

(4) exaggeration: revealing the essence and inspiring people; Set off the atmosphere and enhance the appeal; Enrich associations and create artistic conception.

5. Duality: easy to memorize and remember; Used in poetry, with musical beauty; Concise and expressive, lyrical.

[6] parallelism: thorough description and careful analysis; Compact structure, well-connected text and meaning; Strong tone and strong lyricism.

(7) Ask questions: ask questions to attract attention, inspire thinking and deepen understanding.

⑻ rhetorical question: strengthen tone, increase language potential, stimulate feelings and deepen impressions.

Cultivating the ability to use rhetorical methods includes not only the ability to examine questions, but also the ability to capture effective information, especially the ability to analyze context. There is often a lot of information hidden in the context. If you can't catch it, the sentence you intend to write will not meet the requirements. Of course, there are also specific operational abilities, the ability to control language and words, and so on.

(3) Establish a big rhetoric view and get rid of one-sidedness.

First of all, when using common rhetorical methods, we should understand that rhetoric has a wide range and comprehensive content besides rhetorical methods. We should also pay attention to the use of rhetoric in pronunciation, vocabulary, syntax and discourse.

Secondly, the understanding and application of rhetoric should combine grammar and logic. Grammar makes sense, logic makes sense and rhetoric makes sense. Speaking and writing articles should be fluent and correct first, and then good, that is, vivid images.

Fourth, improve thinking ability and strengthen the use of rhetoric.

Language is a tool to express thoughts, and thoughts are the result of thinking. Therefore, in recent years, the ability to use rhetoric in college entrance examination is not so much the ability to use language as the ability to think; If you want to write correctly, you must first think correctly. Some candidates can't write proper figurative sentences, not because they don't understand figurative techniques or have poor language skills, but because they don't have enough thinking ability to think of proper metaphors. Therefore, the key to improving rhetoric ability is to improve thinking ability, especially the ability of association and imagination.

The proposition of college entrance examination embodies the trend of emphasizing ability, application, subjectivity and comprehensiveness. In order to better answer such questions, candidates should first start from the most basic place when reviewing, that is, don't dwell on rhetorical terms, but clarify the characteristics of various rhetoric and understand the different expression effects of various rhetorical methods. Only by mastering the main points of these eight rhetorical methods can we use them flexibly in language expression.

Looking at the college entrance examination questions in recent years, rhetoric tests mostly appear in the form of expression questions, which are very open and comprehensive. Not only rhetoric, but also sentence patterns; Not only in parody, but also in reading modern literature and appreciating ancient poetry; Even if some appropriate rhetoric is used in the composition of the college entrance examination, it will make the literary talent soar and win high marks. .

First, explore the way of proposition

The examination of rhetorical methods focuses on application. The following is an analysis of common examination methods in recent years.

The first type: objective multiple-choice questions

In the following sentences, one of the improper use of rhetorical methods is

A, in the vast and desolate Yuan Ye, this group of architectural remains is like a fleet being destroyed, but the weeds are overgrown with seaweed, and the piles of bubbles are piled up in this wild ocean.

B, in different styles of works, some feelings are surging, like wild horses galloping on the grassland; Some feelings are hidden, just like lotus flowers in the dim moonlight.

So I picked a leaf from the tree of memory and wrote the novel Count to Ten with my fingers.

D, I embrace the dawn of summer, wake up the warm and vivid breath, beautiful flowers open their eyes and stare, and the light wings of night fly quietly.

The second kind: subjective expression questions

Whether to provide context, use rhetorical methods to make sentences, imitate sentences and change sentence patterns, or to examine them in modern reading and poetry appreciation.

An investigation of 1. imitation transformation sentence

The most common figures of speech combined with this kind of problems are metaphor, parallelism, duality, personification and so on. . For this kind of topic, we should first ask for the purpose of solving the problem, then analyze the given sentences to find out their characteristics in content, sentence pattern, words, color and tone, then expand the necessary associative imagination, and finally express them as required. This category is the main form of college entrance examination in recent years, and it is estimated that it will reappear in the college entrance examination in 20 12.

● (National II, 2009) Imitate the following example, choose a topic, write three sentences, and ask for parallelism. The sentence pattern is the same as the example. (7 points)

Money doesn't need to be packed in buckets, just enough; Friendship does not need sweet words, only sincerity; Life doesn't have to be earth-shattering, just be practical.

The analysis of sentences and imitation examples should be appropriate, the sentence patterns should be the same, constitute parallelism, be as literary as possible, and pay attention to the logical relationship before and after.

Answer friends without running around, just talk to each other; The house doesn't have to be spacious and bright, just warm; The journey doesn't have to be unforgettable forever, just enrich it.

● (20 1 1 Xianyang senior three survey) Read the following words and fill in the blanks with appropriate words and sentences to coordinate the front and back sentences and form a parallelism.

What is the ideal age? What kind of brain is the cleverest? What kind of life is the best? What kind of youth is the brightest? Flowers say I'm a thousand years old; _ _ _ _ _ _ means, _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _; _ _ _ _ _ _ means, _ _ _ _ _ _ _; The sun said, my burning youth shines everywhere.

Answer: (1) _ _ _ _ _ _ Say: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (2) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Say: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

Analyze this problem to examine the parody ability of parallelism sentences. To solve this kind of problem, we must make clear the explicit information and implicit information of the problem. The topic requires that the front and back sentences should be coordinated to form a parallelism, which is an express message; Re-reading the given sentence, the first four questions in the original paragraph have been made clear, and the objects to be stated in the following answers should be "age", "soul", "life" and "youth". In the example to be answered, "flower" corresponds to "age" and "sun" corresponds to "youth", so the things filled in one or three spaces should be "soul" respectively. Judging from the sentence pattern, the second blank should be filled in harmony with the corresponding sentence pattern above; Fill in the fourth blank, which should be consistent with the sentence pattern of the corresponding sentence below. The above is implied information. Imitation cannot be divorced from these information needs.

Answer (l) Moon, I am open-minded, Wan Li is bright. (2) Seagull, my surfing life is magnificent all the way.

4. In modern reading, rhetorical methods are mainly used to test their expressive effect.

To do this kind of questions, we must first confirm the rhetorical methods used, point out the rhetorical methods used in answering questions, and then answer their expressive functions.

3. Examination in poetry appreciation

Most of them judge the rhetorical methods used and explain their expressive effects.

Consolidation exercise

1. The rhetorical method used in the underlined part of the title of the following article is different from the other three items.

A. The place where the "generation of Tianjiao" sleeps —— A Record of Genghis Khan Cemetery in Inner Mongolia

B. Challenge the "Water from Heaven" —— Interview with Yu Zhongyuan, Vice-captain of Beijing Youth Yellow River Expedition

The "national business card" was born out of her painstaking efforts-Li Fangfang, stamp designer of the Year of the Rabbit Zodiac.

D. The "green messenger" in the festival-the 11th experience of Shanghai Post.

2. Summarize the following words into a figurative sentence, indicating the importance of the ocean, which is no more than 10.

About 3.2 billion years ago, primitive life was born in the ocean. In the ocean, these primitive lives survive and develop in the struggle with nature. After hundreds of millions of years of evolution, they gradually formed advanced marine vertebrates such as protozoa, sponges, annelids, mollusks, arthropods, echinoderms ... and even fish.

_____________________________

Please write a public service advertisement (less than 20 words) with the theme of "caring for animals" and using comparable rhetorical devices. (Liaoning topic in 2006 college entrance examination)

A: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

4. Write three sentences according to the format of the following sentences to form a parallelism.

If you are a big tree, sprinkle a shade; ________,_______; ________,_______; ________,_______。

5. Take a scene as the object of description, write another sentence after the following sentence, and make a antithesis.

Hongmei, in the snowy winter, lit a hot tree.

__________________________________

6. Continue to write two sentences by imitating the format and rhetorical features of the example sentences, so that they can form a set of parallel sentences with the example sentences.

Hope is the bright plum blossom blooming in the cold snow and ice, which makes you feel the breath of spring in the severe winter; I hope it is _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

7. Imitate according to the meaning. Coherent meaning and similar sentence patterns are required.

Lava will only be frozen into hard rock after volcanic eruption; _______,__________; Life has struggled, and life will leave a solid footprint.

8. Fill in the appropriate sentences in the horizontal line to make the paragraph complete.

The Olympic Games will be beautiful: weightlifting is the beauty of mountain climbing, sprinting is _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _, synchronized swimming is the beauty of water lotus, _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _. Isn't the Olympic Games a beautiful event?

9. Write a sentence that begins with "morality" after the next sentence.

Morality is like a carpenter's chalk line, which can correct our behavior mistakes.

Morality _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

10. Imitate the following example and use "Song" as the vehicle to write two metaphorical sentences with different ontologies. The sentence pattern may not be exactly the same as the example.

Example: Wine (1) Friendship is like wine. The longer the time, the more mellow the fragrance.

(2) Spring rain is like wine, and people with worries get drunk at a glance.

Imitation: Song (1) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

(2)_______________________________

1 1. Imitate the example and choose a sentence at will.

Chalk crumbs are floating around the teacher. No, it's not chalk crumbs, it's the flower of wisdom scattered by the teacher.

12. Imitate the format of the following sentence and write another sentence.

Example: Forgetting is a gap in my heart. How many precious yesterdays did you miss?

Imitation: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

13. Write another sentence to express similar meaning.

Perhaps, you can't stand on the towering mountain peak, but you can still stand like a pine tree or a beautiful bamboo, adding a little greenery to life, which is also a landscape.

14. A middle school is going to open a psychological counseling room considering that some students have various psychological problems due to excessive schoolwork burden. Please design a slogan for the counseling room according to the significance of psychological counseling. The duality of sentences and the conciseness of language are required.

A: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

15. Imitate according to semantics. Coherent meaning and similar sentence patterns are required.

If you can't have a deep blue sky, be an elegant white cloud; If you can't have the magnificence of the sea, then make an elegant stream; __________,__________。

16. Imitate the following sentences and choose another kind of scenery to describe it. The sentence patterns are basically the same, and rhetorical devices such as analogy, metaphor and parallelism are used. (5 points)

Layers of leaves are dotted with some white flowers, some of which bloom gracefully and some are in bud shyly; Like a pearl, like a star in the blue sky, like a beauty who just took a bath.

A: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

(Refer to the answer)

1.c (figuratively speaking, "ontology" is a stamp. The rest are metonymies: Genghis Khan A, Yellow River B, postal staff D)

Reference example: The ocean is the cradle of life.

3. Take birds as an example: (1) Love birds and let go of hope. (2) I advise you not to shoot three spring birds, and wait for the mother bird to return in the nest.

4. If you are a grass, add a touch of spring; If you are a flower, give off a wisp of fragrance; If you are a bee, brew a sweetness.

5. Examples; Green lotus, in the hot summer, propped up a cool pool.

6. Hope is a bright and dazzling lighthouse on the vast sea, allowing you to find the direction of sailing in the dark; Hope is an oasis rich in water and grass in the long desert, so that you can drink the sweet spring of life in despair.

7. Only when meteors fly by will the sky shine a beautiful arc.

8. Sprint is the beauty of sharp arrows; Long jump is the beauty of dragon and tiger jump; The high jump is the beauty of diving into the dragon gate.

Requirements: every sentence must be a metaphor, and the metaphor should be appropriate; Sentence patterns should be neat.

9. Morality is like a mirror on a desk, which can reflect the dust in our hearts.

10.(l) Time is like a song, always playing the melody of people. (2) Fate is like a song, and height is an indispensable note.

1 1. Mom has a smile on her face. No, it's not a smile. It is the bright sunshine that illuminates my heart.

12. Love is the fire of the soul. How much ice did it melt? (2) Guess is the key to science. How many important inventions has it inspired? Gratitude is the ocean of life, how much love trickles together? (4) Dreams are the blueprint of life. How many beautiful tomorrows have they painted? ⑤ Memory is the window of the soul. How many good memories do you cherish?

13. Maybe you can't rise to the radiant sun, but you can still rise to a bright moon or a dim star to add a little light and heat to the earth.

14. Endless troubles don't take away joyful music. Share your pain and pursue your dreams together.

15. If you can't have fragrant Yuan Ye, be a green grass.

16. Example of answer:

In the long white clouds, there are vaguely green hills, some hide in the fog shyly, and some show their true feelings generously; Like a sword pointing to the sky, like a dragon soaring in the blue sky, like a continuous green barrier.