What is the difference between the first participle and the second participle in German? When to use one point and when to use two points?

1- The first participle consists of infinitive and-d.

gehen +d = gehend

weinen +d = weinend

sich unterhalten+d = sich unterhaltend

2- Usage: initiative, indicating an unfinished and continuous process, which occurs at the same time as the predicate in the sentence.

Time. Can be used as attribute, adverbial and predicative:

A- Attributive: The change of suffix is the same as that of adjective.

Rasheed Ge Jun = Ge Jun, Lachert

A smiling boy

One kind, this is a kind.

Singing child

B- as an adverbial

She saw me.

She slept with Lacher and me.

He looked at me with a smile.

The children are singing in the park.

The children are singing in the park.

The children walked into the park singing songs.

C- as a predicative

Labor is a trend.

This job is very tiring.

This film is from Spain.

This film is very attractive.

The second part:

1- For the composition of the second participle, please refer to the perfect tense in German tense.

2- Usage:

The second participle of a transitive verb can be used as an attribute or an adverbial, meaning complete or passive:

attribute

A girl, a girl.

What is the meaning of this?

As an adverbial

We are discussing the new movie.

The second participle of intransitive verb in sein perfect tense means to enter a certain place or state, which can be used as an attribute, but it has

Active meaning, which is often prefixed by such verbs:

The biggest angel is

Guests who arrived yesterday

What is the meaning of this?

The past year

C- The second participle of an intransitive verb that expresses continuous action or state with sein cannot be used as an attribute:

Error = acceleration (positive)

Error = positive

D- The second participle of the intransitive verb in the perfect tense with haben cannot be used as an attribute;

Die geholfene Schuelerin (false) = die Schuelerin, die half (positive)

Die stattfund e versammlung = die versammlung, die stattfand (positive)

reflexive

1: The second participle of reflexive verbs can also be used as an attribute, but sich should be removed, such as:

Ein entwickeltes land

2. The first participle of reflexive verbs can be used as an attribute, but it must be used with sich, such as:

Modern industrial enterprises

The second participle as a slogan is equivalent to a dynamic state.

This is a problem.

The weather is fine tonight.

Remarks: In German, some of the first and second participles have been transformed into adjectives, which can be used as attributes or slogans, and some have been nominalized with the suffix sum.

Adjective changes are the same as:

adjective

Urgently needed. )

Leap nervously (der Romanist leap. )