Attributive clauses and predicative clauses

Attributive clauses are clauses guided by relative pronouns and relative adverbs. Their function is to modify a certain component of the main clause as an attributive clause. Attributive clauses are divided into two types: restrictive and non-restrictive clauses. Adverbial clauses are divided into time adverbial clauses, result adverbial clauses, concession adverbial clauses, reason adverbial clauses, conditional adverbial clauses and behavioral manner adverbial clauses. Noun clauses include subject clauses, object clauses, predicative clauses, appositive clauses and there be sentence patterns.

1. Restrictive attributive clauses

1. That can represent things or people, which represents things; they serve as subjects or objects in the clause, and that serves as the subject or object of the clause. The relative word can often be omitted for the object, but cannot be omitted when which serves as the object in the clause.

Moreover, if which is used as the object of the preposition of "intransitive verb + preposition" in the clause, be careful not to lose the preposition, and the preposition is always placed in front of the relative pronoun which, but some are placed in its original position

2. When which is used as an object, according to the semantic relationship between the antecedent and the attributive clause, the preposition between the antecedent and which cannot be lost

3. Which is often used when representing things, but Use that instead of which in sentences with the following words, including all, anything, much, etc., in which case that is often omitted

4. Clauses introduced by who and whom are used to modify people , are used as the subject and object in the clause respectively. When who is used as the object, please note that it can be used as the object of the verb or the object of the preposition

5. where is a relative adverb, used to express the attributive clause of location

6. when introduces attributive clauses expressing time

[Note] It is worth mentioning that the attributive clause expressing the word "time" is only introduced by when, sometimes without any relationship. Pronouns, of course, don’t use that to guide

By the time you arrive in London, we will have stayed there for two weeks.

I still remember the first time I met her.

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Each time he goes to besiness trip, he brings a lot of living necessities, such as towers, soap, toothbrush etc.

7. whose is a relative pronoun, modifying a noun as an attributive, quite Prepositioned possessive of the component being modified

8. When the logical subject of the clause is some, any, no, somebody, anybody, nobody, something, anything, everything or nothing, there is often used to introduce it

2. Non-restrictive attributive clause: The function of the non-restrictive attributive clause is to further explain the component being modified. It is usually separated from the main clause by a comma. After the subordinate clause is removed, the other parts remain Can be established

1. Which introduces a non-finite attributive clause to explain the situation of the entire previous sentence or a certain part of the main clause

2. When introducing a restrictive attributive clause, that Sometimes equivalent to in which, at which, for which or at which

Attitudes towards daydreaming are changing in much the same way that (in which) attitudes towards night dreaming have changed. People's attitudes towards daydreaming are changing. , which bears a strong resemblance to changes in people’s perceptions of nighttime dreaming.

I like the music for the very reason that(for which) he dislikes it.

We arrived the day that(on which) they left.

3. Sometimes as can also be used as a relative pronoun

4. In non-limiting attributive clauses, you cannot use that, but use who, whom to represent people, and which to represent things.

Appositive

A noun (or other form) modifies, limits or explains another noun or pronoun. This noun (or other form) is an appositive. Appositive is the same as The words it defines must be in the same case and often close together.

1. A structure composed of two or more language units at the same level. The preceding and following terms refer to The same. The syntactic function is also the same. The consequent term is the appositive of the preceding term.

Mr. Smith. our new teacher. is very kind to us.

Our new teacher Mr. Smith Very good to us.

Mr. Smith is an appositive of the subject our new teacher. It refers to the same person.

Yesterday I met Tom. a friend of my brother＇s.

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Yesterday I met my brother’s friend Tom.

A friend of my brother’s is an appositive of the object word Tom. It refers to the same person.

2. When an appositive is closely related to its appositive component, there is no need to separate it with a comma. When an appositive is only a supplementary explanation of its appositive component, it can be separated by a comma.

He himself told me that his brother John is a world-famous doctor.

He himself told me that his brother John is a world-famous doctor.

himself and John are both single words used as appositives. There is no need to separate commas between appositive components.

Yesterday I talked to my English teacher. Mr. James.

Yesterday I talked to my English teacher, Mr. James.

Appositive Mr. James added a supplementary explanation to my English teacher. The appositive and its appositive components can be separated by commas.

3. In addition to expressing the full meaning of its appositive components, an appositive . can also express part of the meaning.

We Chinese people are brave and hardworking.

We Chinese people are hardworking and brave.

He is interested in sports. especially ball games.

He likes sports, especially ball games.

Appositive clauses usually follow certain nouns such as answer (answer), hope (hope), fact (fact) ).belief (belief).news (message).idea (idea, concept).promise (commitment).information (information).conclusion (conclusion).order (command). suggestion (suggestion).problem (problem).thought (Idea) Wait for later. For example: He always works hard even if he knows the fact that he is not in good health. His failure was due to the fact that he had not practised for a long time. I had no idea that you were here.

She told us her hope that she would become a pianist. He made a promise that he would never come late. Note: that can introduce both an appositive clause and an attributive clause. The difference is that the appositive clause is introduced by the conjunction that The connective that itself is meaningless. It does not serve as any component in the appositive clause. It cannot be omitted and cannot be replaced by other words. The attributive clause is guided by the relative pronoun that. The relative pronoun that serves as a certain component in the clause. When used as an object Can be omitted. The difference between an appositive clause and an attributive clause introduced by when. why. where is: an appositive clause is guided by a connecting adverb and only plays a connecting role. It has no referential function. An attributive clause is guided by a relative adverb. The relative adverb has a referential antecedent. The function of the word. It is often replaced by a preposition plus a relative pronoun. For example: I will never forget the day when we first met. (appositive clause. when is a conjunction) That is the special day (which/that) I will never forget. (Attributive clause. which/that is the relative adverb) This is the house where we lived fifteen years ago. (Appositive clause. where is the conjunction) This is the house which we sold fifteen years ago. (Attributive clause. where is the relative adverb) Adverb)

Distinguish between predicative clauses and appositive clauses

The subordinate clause is relative to the main clause. That is, it is subordinate to a certain main clause and cannot be a separate sentence. In English, there are three main clauses: noun clauses (including subject clauses, object clauses, predicative clauses, and appositive clauses). Adjective clauses (i.e., attributive clauses). Adverbial clauses (i.e., adverbial clauses, including time). .Condition.Result.Purpose.Reason.Concession.Place.Method, etc.).

The subject clause is used as the subject. For example::

That the earth is round is true. The earth is The round ones are real.

Object clauses are used as objects. For example:

Do you know where he lives?

Predicative clauses are used as predicates. For example:

My opinion is that you should not go alone.

Appositive clauses are used to explain the previous noun. For example:

The fact that the earth is round is true. (The that clause is used to explain the fact)

The attributive clause is equivalent to an adjective. Used to modify the previous noun. For example:

The student who answered the question was John.

The adverbial clause is equivalent to an adverb. For example:

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When it rains. I usually go to school by bus. (time adverbial)

If he comes tomorrow. you will see him. If he comes tomorrow, you can see him. (if is an introductory conditional adverbial clause. Its structure is: if

Adverbial clause. Main clause). It should be noted that there is a rule in adverbial clauses that [subject will be present". That is, the main clause is in the future tense. Then the subordinate clause should use the present simple tense to express the future.

The main clause and The method of dividing clauses is the same. It is easier to divide the components of the sentence from the predicate verb. The part in front of the predicate verb is the subject, and it is often followed by an object. The predicate verb is modified by the adverbial. The subject is modified. The object is the attributive. If the predicate It is a linking verb. The part after the linking verb is a predicative. For example:

I am a teacher. Among them, I is the subject. am is the predicate. a teacher is the predicative.

He likes playing football very mucy. Among them, he is the subject, likes is the predicate, playing football is the object, and very much is the adverbial.