What is the content of hospital infection management knowledge training?

Hospital infection management knowledge training content:

1. The concept of infectious diseases

Infectious diseases, that is, infectious diseases, are caused by various pathogens Diseases that can be transmitted from person to person, animal to animal, or person to animal. Infectious diseases all have incubation periods. The so-called incubation period refers to the period from when various pathogens that cause infectious diseases enter the body to when symptoms appear.

2. Characteristics of infectious diseases

1. Pathogenic (each infectious disease has its own specific pathogen, such as hand, foot and mouth disease, which is caused by enteroviruses).

2. Contagious (hepatitis B, tuberculosis and other diseases are contagious).

3. It is popular, seasonal and local.

1) Epidemic: According to the intensity and breadth of the infectious disease epidemic process, it is divided into: sporadic, epidemic, pandemic and outbreak.

2) Seasonality: refers to the incidence of infectious diseases, which increases seasonally within the year. This is related to changes in temperature and humidity.

3) Endemic: refers to some infectious or parasitic diseases, whose intermediate host is affected by changes in geographical conditions and temperature conditions, and is often limited to a certain geographical range. Such as insect-borne infectious diseases and natural foci diseases.

4. Immune. (After an infectious disease is cured, the human body becomes insensitive to the same infectious pathogen, which is called immunity. Different infectious diseases have different post-illness immune status. Some infectious diseases can lead to lifelong immunity after being infected once, and some can still be immune. Infect).

3. Classification of infectious diseases (39 categories A, B, and C)

(1) Category A infectious diseases are also called compulsorily managed infectious diseases, and there are two types: plague and cholera.

(2) Class B infectious diseases are also called strictly managed infectious diseases, 26 types: infectious atypical pneumonia, human infection with highly pathogenic avian influenza, viral hepatitis, bacterial and Ami Dysentery, typhoid and paratyphoid, AIDS, gonorrhea, syphilis, polio, measles, whooping cough, diphtheria, neonatal tetanus.

Epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis, scarlet fever, epidemic hemorrhagic fever, rabies, leptospirosis, brucellosis, anthrax, Japanese encephalitis, tuberculosis, schistosomiasis, malaria, dengue fever , Influenza A H1N1.

(3) Category C infectious diseases are also called surveillance and management infectious diseases, 11 types: epidemic and endemic typhus, kala-azar, filariasis, hydatid disease, leprosy, and influenza , mumps, rubella, acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis, and infectious diarrheal diseases other than cholera, dysentery, typhoid and paratyphoid, and hand, foot and mouth disease.

IV. Time limit for reporting infectious diseases

The responsible epidemic reporter (first doctor) discovers pulmonary anthrax and infectious SARS among Class A and Class B infectious diseases , poliomyelitis, human infection with highly pathogenic avian influenza patients or suspected patients, or when other infectious diseases and unexplained disease outbreaks are discovered, immediately fill in the infectious disease report card and report to the hospital infection control department, a full-time epidemic manager for 2 hours The infectious disease report card will be reported to superiors via the Internet.

For other Class B and C infectious disease patients, suspected patients and carriers of infectious disease pathogens required to be reported, after diagnosis, online reporting should be made within 24 hours.

Other infectious disease outbreaks that meet the reporting standards for public health emergencies shall be reported in accordance with the "Management Specifications for Information Reporting of Public Health Emergencies".

5. Common symptoms and signs of infectious diseases

1. Fever.

2. Rash: (rash and mucous membrane rash).

3. Symptoms of poisonous blood.

4. Mononuclear-macrophage proliferation reaction.

6. Prevention of infectious diseases

(1) Management of sources of infection

1. Manage and provide necessary treatment for pathogen carriers. In particular, food production and supply and marketing personnel, cooks, and child care workers should be subject to regular bacterial inspections, timely discovery, timely treatment and replacement.

2. Those who have been exposed to infectious diseases must be subject to medical observation, observation, collective quarantine, and immunization or drug prevention if necessary.

3. Management and treatment of infected animals. Animal sources of infection, wild animals and domestic animals with economic value should be isolated and treated, slaughtered if necessary, and disinfected. Wild animals without economic value should mobilize the masses. be hunted and killed.

(2) Cut off transmission routes

According to different transmission routes of infectious diseases, different epidemic prevention measures should be adopted.

1. For intestinal infectious diseases, bedside isolation should be carried out, vomiting and diarrhea should be disinfected, food hygiene and personal hygiene should be strengthened, and water sources and feces should be managed well.

2. For respiratory infectious diseases, indoor windows should be opened for ventilation, air flow and air disinfection, and individuals should wear masks.

3. For insect-borne infectious diseases, insect-proof equipment should be provided, and drugs should be used to kill, prevent and repel insects.

(3) Protect susceptible groups

Improve the resistance of the population, carry out focused and planned vaccination, and improve the specific immunity of the population.

Artificial automatic immunization is a planned vaccination of susceptible people with vaccines, vaccines, and toxoids. Immunity appears within 1 to 4 weeks after vaccination and lasts for months to years.

Artificial passive immunity is an injection of anti-venom serum, gamma globulin, placental globulin, and high-efficiency immunoglobulin when urgently needed. Immunity appears quickly after injection and lasts for 1 to 2 months before losing its effect.

Routine precautions.

1. Open doors and windows regularly for natural ventilation. It can effectively reduce the number of microorganisms in indoor air, improve indoor air quality, and regulate the microclimate of the room. It is the simplest and most effective indoor air disinfection method. The school will also implement planned air disinfection measures such as ultraviolet light irradiation and drug spraying.

2. Get vaccinated. Common infectious diseases now generally have vaccines. Planned artificial automatic immunization is the main link to prevent the occurrence of various infectious diseases. Preventive vaccines are the best active means to prevent the occurrence of infectious diseases.

3. Developing good hygiene habits is the key to preventing spring infectious diseases. Keep your study and living places clean and do not pile up garbage. You must wash your hands according to prescribed procedures before eating, using the toilet, and returning from going out. Cover sneezing, coughing, and cleaning your nose with toilet paper. Do not leave used toilet paper lying around. Change, wash, and dry clothes and bedding frequently, and do not vomit anywhere. Do not mix phlegm and personal hygiene products.