What is distributed system development? What is the decentralized application of blockchain?

Blockchain has the characteristics of decentralization, non-tampering, transparency and openness, and the decentralization of blockchain technology has always been called the most typical feature of blockchain technology. DAPP blockchain decentralization system development, DAPP decentralization mode development, DAPP blockchain application development, DAPP blockchain decentralization mode customization development, DAPP blockchain system development, and DAPP system source code construction and development.

What is a decentralized system?

Decentralization is a form of social relations and content generation formed in the development of the Internet, and it is a new type of network content production process relative to "centralization". In a system with many nodes, each node is highly autonomous. Nodes can freely connect with each other to form a new connection unit. Any node may become the center of the stage, but it has no mandatory central control function. The influence between nodes will form a nonlinear causal relationship through the network. This open, flat and equal institutional phenomenon or structure is called decentralization.

As an important feature of blockchain, it uses distributed storage and computing power, which makes the rights and obligations of the whole network node the same. The essence of data in the system is the common maintenance of the whole network node, so the blockchain no longer relies on the central processing node to realize the distributed storage, recording and updating of data. Each blockchain follows a unified rule, which is based on encryption algorithm rather than credit certificate, and the data update process needs the approval of users, so the blockchain can be established without the approval of intermediaries and trust institutions.

Although decentralized distributed system has many advantages, it is very difficult to design and run such a system, because compared with centralized system, it runs in an untrustworthy environment and it is very difficult to maintain the consistency, integrity and security of the system. What is easy to do in a centralized system will be very difficult in a decentralized system.

So, what are the specific problems that need to be solved in the decentralized bitcoin system? To sum up, there are mainly the following points.

(1) Thousands of nodes in the decentralized system have the power to keep accounts and store account book data. Nodes are completely free to join and exit, and no one controls and authenticates them, so malicious saboteurs will inevitably appear. So how to prevent someone from maliciously tampering with data or forging books?

(2) The nodes of Bitcoin system are distributed all over the world, and thousands of transaction data will be generated in the network at the same time, which requires accounting. Local networks are sometimes fast and sometimes slow, and sometimes some networks may be disconnected. It is difficult for all nodes in the whole network to keep the recorded trading accounts exactly the same, that is, to keep the consistency of the whole network.

(3) Repeated payment is difficult to prevent. Generally speaking, double payment refers to the use of an asset twice, also known as "double flower". For example, three villagers in the global village are exchanging goods. They are Erhei, Cui Hua and Xiaoming. At present, the number of two black bitcoins recorded in the blockchain ledger of the whole network is 1. He sent this coin to Cui Hua and played it on the whole network. Therefore, everyone wrote down the transaction, deleted two black bitcoins from his account record, and added 1 bitcoins to Cui Hua's account record. Now there is no bitcoin in Erhei, but due to the unsynchronized network transmission, Xiaoming did not receive the information in time after Erhei broadcast the transaction live. Xiaoming's account book still records that Erhei has 1 bitcoin. So Erhei sent this bitcoin to Xiaoming in exchange for some items. Erhei's exchange of his 1 bitcoin to two people at the same time belongs to a double flower attack, which constitutes transaction fraud.

Before Satoshi Nakamoto appeared, many IT elites of cryptopunk tried and failed. However, Satoshi Nakamoto summed up the past experience and designed a very clever operation mechanism, which successfully solved these problems and made the Bitcoin system run stably without the operation and maintenance management of the central node.