20 14 Tianjin civil service examination application questions

I collected and sorted out the "20 14 Tianjin Civil Service Examination Application Questions" for your reference, hoping to help you! ! !

I. Background information

1. According to the statistics of relevant departments, the national average number of haze days in 20 13 was the highest in 52 years, and the national average number of haze days was 4.7 days, 2.3 days more than the normal period (2.4 days) and the highest since 196 1 year. Foreign media called the smog in China "the worst air pollution in human history". Time magazine reported: "Beijingers are used to the bad air, but no one remembers such a serious smog weather before." Some people even worry about' breathing to death'. "

Monitoring data show that a large number of fireworks and firecrackers will make the concentration of particulate matter (PM 10, PM2.5) and sulfur dioxide in the air increase sharply, especially contributing significantly to the increase of PM2.5 concentration. Near the discharge point, the concentration of PM2.5 hours suddenly increased sharply. Setting off firecrackers causes the daily average concentration of major pollutants such as PM2.5 and SO2 to increase several times or even dozens of times. Setting off firecrackers during the Spring Festival will increase the average annual concentration of PM2.5 by 1-2 μ g/m3.

2. Wuhan Optics Valley No.5 Primary School has arranged a lively and close-to-life homework for students this year-students can finish a housework related to the Chinese New Year, or help their families write a pair of Spring Festival couplets and cut a set of window grilles, as long as it is related to the "Chinese New Year culture". However, among the students who reported back to school, 20% could not finish their homework. Student Xiao Wu's mother said that the original intention of customizing homework every year is quite good, but now the taste of the year is getting weaker and weaker. It's hard to see such rich activities as pasting doors and king of people when I was a child.

The song "I won't send messages back" at this year's Spring Festival party evokes people's nostalgia for the traditional Spring Festival. The taste of Chinese New Year is getting weaker and less interesting-this is how many people feel during Chinese New Year. In fact, it is an indisputable fact that the decline is not only the Spring Festival, but also the traditional festivals such as Lantern Festival, Dragon Boat Festival, Chinese Valentine's Day and Mid-Autumn Festival. Find out the reason, some people think that this is the development of material, the transformation of urban and rural areas, and the operation of foreign festivals; Others believe that the real reason is that culture has "alienation" and "materialization". Festivals, like people, have souls. When the soul is less and less attached to the carrier, the festival will become more and more dull.

Lv Pintian, vice president of the Academy of Art, pointed out: "There are many rich folk activities in the original traditional festivals. These folk activities are closely related to some folk customs formed in history, such as solar terms, seasons, climate, water and soil, as well as folk matters such as sacrifice, domination, prayer, worship and chanting. With memories, wishes, celebrations, prayers and sacrifices. With the development of the times and social progress, the connotation and culture carried by festivals are also changing. There are almost no prayers and sacrifices now, and the solemn cultural atmosphere has been lost. Moreover, people are becoming more and more indifferent to some ungrounded festivals, but they have a special liking for grounded festivals produced abroad. When traditional festivals become less and less cultural, they will naturally decline.

According to a joint survey by China Youth Daily and Sina. Modern people are not familiar with the traditional folk culture of the Spring Festival. Nearly half of the people said that they would set off firecrackers and give lucky money to the younger generation on holidays, while less than 20% would burn paper to worship their ancestors and write couplets. The activities of the Spring Festival are becoming more and more simple, which has caused the further loss of our traditional folk culture to a great extent.

The folk custom of the Spring Festival fully embodies China's 5,000-year-old culture and people's diligence and wisdom, leaving a rich cultural heritage for future generations, and the folk custom of the Spring Festival is the essence of the cultural heritage.

The Spring Festival is the accumulation and reappearance of historical and cultural traditions, the concentrated display of national characteristics and culture, and the bond to consolidate emotions and maintain family ties. However, the Spring Festival, which is losing its traditional cultural connotation, still has the flavor of the year for many years. Is the Spring Festival without the flavor of the year still a real traditional Spring Festival?

3.20 14 Spring Festival is approaching, and 100% netizens launched the "Refuse Fireworks and Firecrackers" activity. On the topic of "Rejecting Fireworks and Firecrackers" on Sina Weibo, the promoter wrote: "Fireworks and Firecrackers will release a lot of harmful substances and form urban smog. Last New Year's Eve, the concentration of PM2.5 in Beijing once exceeded 1000! During the Spring Festival last year, Beijing produced more than 5,000 tons of firecrackers. No fireworks or less fireworks during the Spring Festival, support will turn! " In just a few days, nearly 3 million netizens participated in this discussion.

The netizen "Tiffany is me" wrote: "We must refuse. No matter how brilliant the fireworks are, they are only a flash in the pan, fleeting and a waste of money. Compared with the environment, they are just a flash in the pan. The so-called protection of the environment is everyone's responsibility, starting from the little things around us. "

Netizen "MoMo_said" said: "We support no fireworks. In order to make the smog worse, we encourage people to celebrate the New Year in a more environmentally friendly way, such as placing flowers or planting green plants. "

Netizen "Zhang Shumin" said: "I think there would be no atmosphere without fireworks. This is a tradition that has been handed down for thousands of years. Originally, the atmosphere of the Spring Festival in China was not particularly strong, and it was even more deserted without fireworks. "

From a rational point of view, more netizens hope to find a balance between setting off fireworks, celebrating the Spring Festival and protecting the environment. Netizen "Shu Dong e 34799" thinks: "I think the Spring Festival is inseparable from fireworks, but can we study pollution-free fireworks? I really don't want to refuse to set off fireworks. "

Netizen "Jing Yue Xingya" said: "Setting off fireworks is a traditional custom. It is forbidden only because of serious pollution. Why not find a way to kill two birds with one stone? Now, children have almost lost the fun they used to have. They are all electronic products. I think we should increase efforts to improve rather than prohibit or refuse. "

Netizen Happy Yu: "The environment polluted by fireworks is harmful to people, but it seems that there is nothing symbolic without it. Every time I hear firecrackers at this time, everyone knows that New Year's Eve is coming. I don't know if it is possible to control other pollution sources and put some appropriately. "

Experts believe that the differences in public opinion reflect the different concerns of the people and the difficulty of social governance. Professor Qiao Xinsheng from Zhongnan University of Economics and Law pointed out that changing customs reflects the progress of human civilization. Customs can be changed and reformed, although they are not suitable for being completely banned by the decree.

The old topic of whether the city should ban fireworks and firecrackers has also moved from online to offline. This year, the banned faction has made another statement. On the eve of the Spring Festival on 20 14, the Commission for Discipline Inspection of the CPC Central Committee issued the Notice on Prohibiting Public Funds from Buying and Giving Fireworks and Firecrackers during the Spring Festival on New Year's Day. In the view of the forbidden faction, this is a move to change customs and customs, and it is a knife to the stereotype of setting off fireworks and firecrackers. Right?

A: Setting off fireworks is definitely a stereotype, especially during the Spring Festival every year. China people spend so much money to buy so many fireworks and firecrackers, and there is no essential difference between burning money directly. This is pure waste. Who is the beneficiary besides making the fireworks industry make money? As for using taxpayers' money to buy fireworks, it encourages this kind of wanton fireworks display.

B: This notice prohibits public funds from buying and giving away fireworks and firecrackers. The key word is public money, not fireworks. Fireworks and firecrackers are just one kind of New Year holiday gifts. CPC Central Commission for Discipline Inspection doesn't allow officials to receive red envelopes yet, but do you still want to give children lucky money during the Spring Festival? So in essence, this is a kind of restriction and regulation of public power, and

7. Affected by many factors, since the end of 20 12, the sales of fireworks and firecrackers have suffered a cold spell, and the sales of fireworks and firecrackers nationwide have dropped by up to 30,000, which also forced fireworks and firecrackers enterprises to accelerate their upgrading and integration. 20 13 12.5, Panda Fireworks listed in Liuyang City, China began to be suspended. Twenty days later, Panda Fireworks purchased 60% shares of Dongyang Huahai Times Film and Television Media Co., Ltd. through non-public offering of shares, which also means that Panda Fireworks, a leading domestic fireworks manufacturing enterprise, is fleeing from the fireworks industry and preparing to move to the film and television industry.

For the fireworks manufacturing industry, this is also a market signal: whether more than one million netizens launch the activity of "rejecting fireworks and firecrackers" or "70% of the respondents have not bought fireworks and firecrackers", it means that under the background of people's increasingly rational choice, the industry represented by fireworks and firecrackers and relying on folk culture will face decline, just like the calendar encounters market waterloo. According to statistics, there are thousands of fireworks production enterprises in China at present, of which more than 20 have an output value of over 100 million. Liuyang, Hunan Province, the hometown of fireworks, contributes more than 40% to Liuyang's economy. How to transform such a huge industry with a long industrial chain out of the cold winter requires the government and enterprises to think together.

Fireworks and firecrackers are related to a series of propositions such as environmental protection, industrial transformation and social governance. Nowadays, the action of "refusing to set off fireworks" has expressed public opinion. As the government and fireworks enterprises in the linkage management chain, it is obvious that they should also smell the smell of "fireworks are cold" and do a good job of public opinion guidance.

8. Zhao Jiayu, a member of the Technical Committee for Standardization of Fireworks and Firecrackers in China and a professor at Beijing Institute of Technology, believes that fireworks and firecrackers, as a thousand-year-old folk custom, cannot be simply prohibited or restricted. "Environmental protection fireworks and firecrackers are a good way to solve the contradiction between' preserving the taste of the year' and' preventing smog'." Compared with traditional fireworks, environmental protection fireworks do not contain sulfur and other components that will cause sulfur dioxide pollution, and there is almost no odor when they are discharged, the smoke can be reduced by nearly half, and the garbage generated after discharge will be greatly reduced. Zhao Jiayu said that this new product is mainly through improving black powder or adopting new substitutes, so that the particles generated after discharge become larger, which is conducive to rapid sedimentation, thus producing as little PM2.5 as possible.

The State Council [2010] No.53 and the State Administration of Work Safety [20 13] 122 both put forward certain environmental protection requirements for the production of fireworks and firecrackers. In the traditional standard, the amount of fireworks and firecrackers is relatively large, and the new document clearly stipulates the amount and specifications. The reduction of the amount is helpful to environmental protection. However, there are no written regulations on environmental protection fireworks, and the specific parameters such as sulfur, smoke and slag are not clearly defined in national laws and regulations, and the environmental protection department has not fully defined them. There are no standards for the production and discharge of fireworks abroad that we can refer to. Without standards, enterprises lack production direction and implementation requirements.

Second, the answer requirements

(1) The background material lists some people's different views and controversies about whether the city should ban fireworks. Please point out the focus of the ban dispute and explain the views of the two main opinions and their reasons respectively. (20 points)

Requirements: clear-cut, comprehensive and accurate, clear-cut, no more than 300 words.

(2) Background material 2 says that "festivals have souls like people". Please talk about your understanding of this sentence with background materials. (15)

Requirements: thorough analysis, clear point of view, clear organization, no more than 300 words.

(3) Background materials 5, 6 and 7 reflect the difficulties faced by Chinese fireworks manufacturers after "fireworks are cold". If you are a leading cadre in the hometown of fireworks, please make suggestions to solve this problem. (25 points)

Requirements: clear questions, reasonable suggestions, pertinence and operability, no more than 400 words.

(4) Starting from the background materials and combining with the reality, write an argumentative essay on the inheritance and innovation of traditional culture with the topic "Watching is everyone's responsibility". (40 points)

Requirements: 1. Combined with materials, the center is clear, the point of view is clear, and it is connected with practice.

2. Clear thinking, concrete analysis, clear organization and fluent language.

3. The word count is about 1000 words.

(1) The background material lists some people's different views and controversies about whether the city should ban fireworks. Please point out the focus of the ban dispute and explain the views of the two main opinions and their reasons respectively. (20 points)

Requirements: clear-cut, comprehensive and accurate, clear-cut, no more than 300 words.

Solution thinking

Through the investigation of the topic, we can know that this topic requires to point out the controversial focus of whether the city should ban fireworks and firecrackers, and explain the views and reasons of the two main opinions respectively. The answer range does not specify specific materials, but "background materials". We can determine the relevant answer range by reading and analyzing the materials. There are "clear, comprehensive, accurate and clear-cut" in the answer request. Therefore, when pointing out the focus of the ban on release, we should show the views of all parties, and be comprehensive, accurate and orderly. The answer to this question can be organized according to the framework of "clarifying the focus dispute-analyzing two viewpoints and reasons", with no more than 300 words.

Reference answer

Regarding whether cities should ban fireworks and firecrackers, the focus of the ban is whether it should be completely banned.

Two main viewpoints and reasons:

First of all, support a total ban. Reasons: first, it is harmful, pollutes the air environment, produces huge noise, and causes fires and accidental injuries; Second, it is a serious waste, wasting personal or taxpayer's money and short viewing time; Third, it does not conform to modern cities and civilized lifestyles; Fourth, there is a strong public opinion base; Fifth, laws and regulations can be enforced to change customs.

Second, it does not support a total ban, but it can be changed and reformed. Reasons: First, carrying folk culture is an important content of national traditional culture; Second, changing customs cannot be prohibited, but should be changed and reformed spontaneously; Third, vigorously improve the polluted fireworks and control other pollution sources; Fourth, a total ban is likely to lead to the law not blaming the public and unable to effectively enforce the law; Fifth, man-made disasters are small probability events, which are inevitable; Sixth, support the restriction of public consumption, but respect personal consumption.

(2) Background material 2 says that "festivals have souls like people". Please talk about your understanding of this sentence with background materials. (15)

Requirements: thorough analysis, clear point of view, clear organization, no more than 300 words.

Solution thinking

According to the stem of the question, this is called comprehensive analysis question. The content to be analyzed is to talk about the understanding of the sentence "festival and people have souls" in combination with background materials. The answer range of this question is mainly "background material 2". In the process of answering, we need to pay attention to several requirements: first, we should pay attention to the fact that the answer can not be separated from the background materials, and the interpretation of this sentence has its specific language environment; Second, we should pay attention to have a clear point of view and not be vague. Third, we should pay attention to the analysis process. In addition, be careful not to exceed 300 words.

To achieve the requirements of "thorough analysis, clear viewpoints and clear organization", it is necessary to deeply understand the main idea of the material, accurately grasp the specific meaning of this sentence, and summarize and refine the viewpoints on this basis. First of all, we should put forward the very important viewpoint of folk culture, which requires us to develop from the protection and development of production and lifestyle. Then discuss it in two levels. First, the inheritance of folk culture depends on the protection of production and lifestyle; Second, the development of folk culture depends on the progress of production and lifestyle. We should pay attention to the context of argument, so as to make our argument process clear.

Reference answer

This sentence emphasizes the importance of folk culture and requires us to protect and develop folk culture from the protection and development of production and lifestyle.

The importance of folk culture lies in that it embodies the hard work and wisdom of the people and is the essence of cultural heritage. It is not only the display of national characteristics and culture, but also the unique belief and sustenance of the nation, and it is also the bond to consolidate emotions and maintain family ties.

Because folk culture is closely related to its specific production and lifestyle, the inheritance of folk culture must focus on the protection of specific lifestyle. The development of society is not a complete break with the past, but based on the protection and inheritance of the excellent characteristics of lifestyle.

The development of folk culture is inseparable from the development of specific modes of production and lifestyles. Only the simultaneous development of material and culture can ensure the vitality of folk culture under the new social conditions.

(3) Background materials 5, 6 and 7 reflect the difficulties faced by Chinese fireworks manufacturers after "fireworks are cold". If you are a leading cadre in the hometown of fireworks, please make suggestions to solve this problem. (25 points)

Requirements: clear questions, reasonable suggestions, pertinence and operability, no more than 400 words.

Solution thinking

Reading through the topic, we can see that the candidate's identity is set as "a leading cadre in a hometown of fireworks", and it is required to formulate suggestions to solve the difficulties faced by fireworks manufacturing enterprises in China after "fireworks are cold". Pay attention to identity restrictions and specific problems to be solved when answering. The requirement mentions "clear problem", which shows that this problem belongs to the problem that needs to be summarized. According to the materials, the answer range is "Materials 5, 6 and 7". In addition, we should pay attention to the rationality, pertinence and operability of the proposal, and do not exceed 400 words. This problem can be organized from two aspects: "problem-countermeasure".

Reference answer

China's fireworks production enterprises may face the following problems after "fireworks are cold": First, small fireworks and firecrackers are unsalable, with a large backlog, occupying production funds. Second, the competition in the fireworks industry will become more and more fierce, and a large number of enterprises may be eliminated. Third, enterprises may reduce the investment in safety production, leading to the recurrence of safety problems.

To solve the above problems, the government and enterprises need to think together and actively respond. Government: First of all, the government should carry out environmental protection publicity and education for fireworks and firecrackers production enterprises to make them realize that the fireworks and firecrackers industry will face a declining situation and guide them to actively face market changes. Secondly, the government should strengthen the supervision of production safety and eliminate the potential safety hazards in the fireworks industry. Enterprises: First of all, enterprises should improve their understanding of the decline of the industry, rationally adjust the product structure according to market changes, provide professionals to help people set off Class B products, and vigorously develop environmentally-friendly products. Secondly, enterprises should speed up upgrading and integration to improve market competitiveness. Finally, enterprises should strengthen the research on other industries and actively carry out industrial transfer.

(4) Starting from the background materials and combining with the reality, write an argumentative essay on the inheritance and innovation of traditional culture with the topic "Watching is everyone's responsibility". (40 points)

Requirements: 1. Combined with materials, the center is clear, the point of view is clear, and it is connected with practice.

2. Clear thinking, concrete analysis, clear organization and fluent language.

3. The word count is about 1000 words.

Solution thinking

Reading the topic, we can clearly see that this article is a propositional composition, which means that candidates can't modify the topic at will. The title of the article highlights the intention of the article. By reading the topic "Seeing is everyone's responsibility", candidates can understand that this article should focus on "seeing" and give consideration to "responsibility".

As can be seen from the reading materials, the materials of the test paper are all watches around traditional culture. Candidates need to understand that "seeing" contains two meanings, one is guarding, and the other is looking forward. It is linked with traditional culture and contains the theme of protecting and developing traditional culture. The background material begins with the discussion on whether firecrackers should be set off, and then puts forward the problem of the gradual disappearance of traditional culture in China, and then demonstrates the existence of firecrackers as a traditional cultural celebration. By reading the materials, we can see the public's expectation of traditional culture. Everyone's argument about setting off firecrackers is not to express their love for firecrackers, but because with the development of society, there are only firecrackers left in New Year's Day culture except eating and drinking, and those who support the preservation of firecrackers are reluctant to part with the cultural activities on New Year's Day. We can draw corresponding measures according to the materials. First, the public does not know enough about culture, so they can counter the measures of government propaganda and excavation. Second, we can put forward measures for product innovation and upgrading for the storage and waste of firecrackers. When writing this article, candidates should pay attention to injecting responsibility into corresponding measures to ensure correct expression.

Of course, candidates can also find a new way to dialectically analyze the inheritance and development of traditional culture by adopting critical writing structure.

Reference example

Watching is everyone's responsibility.

Twenty-three, honeydew melon is sticky; Twenty-four, housing Tomb-Sweeping Day; Twenty-five, paste the window; 26, stew a piece of meat; Twenty-seven, slaughter a chicken; Twenty-eight, send face; Twenty-nine, steamed bread; Thirty children stayed up all night; On the first day of the new year. Once upon a time, the excitement of the Spring Festival in China was the public's expectation for one year. But now, with the substantial improvement of living standards, the traditional activities in these children's songs have gradually withdrawn from people's sight, leaving only the traditional culture of eating and drinking in the New Year. With the substantial improvement of living standards, eating and drinking can no longer meet the public's demand for traditional culture. How to ensure that the traditional culture of China is handed down from generation to generation has become an important topic in the cultural work of governments at all levels.

There are many reasons for the degradation of traditional culture, including the impact of foreign cultural customs and the lack of protection by local governments. Traditional culture entrusts with historical customs and inherits ancestral memories. Once lost, the history of China will be damaged. As one of the four ancient civilizations, China has experienced many hardships, but it is precisely because of the industrious national culture of the Chinese nation. It is Wang Jian's duty to defend the ancient city against the Mongolian Yuan Dynasty. Breaking the waves and spreading civilization is Zheng He's duty to look forward to Chinese civilization. As descendants of the Chinese nation, only by "observing" and "looking forward" and fulfilling the responsibility of protecting traditional culture can we provide spiritual support for the centennial rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

Looking at traditional culture, we must protect our souls. "Lantern Festival" is better than "Valentine's Day", and the defeat is not immediate; Compared with "Christmas", "winter solstice" looks bleak. Since the reform and opening up, with the influx of foreign world outlook, traditional culture has been gradually ignored. This not only hinders the inheritance of history and culture, but also leads to the decline of traditional morality. In the long run, China's national personality and national characteristics are bound to dissipate. In fact, traditional culture is the spiritual soul of our nation. In order to ensure its long history, our government should strengthen the protection of traditional culture. Management departments should invite experts and scholars to collect and protect China's historical customs, and regularly preach them on the Internet, television and other emerging media to awaken the public's national feelings and create a good atmosphere for protecting the national spirit.

Looking at traditional culture, we should expect innovation. "Home is not awkward, running water does not rot." China's traditional culture originated from the farming history of agricultural production, and gradually lost its inheritance environment. The public could not understand it one by one, and some folk products were seriously polluted, which was even more contrary to China's modern national conditions. If times can't change, traditional culture will be abandoned. In order to innovate China traditional culture, the government should guide the transformation and upgrading of traditional cultural products. Management departments should "open the way on every mountain" between universities and enterprises, and researchers in universities should design new products to reduce pollution, fulfill the responsibility of modern traditional culture, and finally realize the integration of modern factors and traditional culture.

Traditional culture records our past and carries our present. If it cannot grow up, the Chinese nation will have no unique future. Traditional culture is the foundation of national growth. Chinese sons and daughters should fulfill their duty of keeping watch, live up to the expectations of their ancestors and help future generations inherit it.