What is the historical prototype of Jin Wushu in the novel?

Wu Shu (? ~ 1 14), that is, the martial arts, also known as swimming sip, swimming out, swimming out, etc. , whose real name is Hong Yanzong Bi, the fourth son of Akuta in Hong Yan, Jin Taizu (the sixth son of Daikin Guoji). He was a general of Jin Dynasty in China, and an outstanding strategist and politician during the confrontation between Song and Jin Dynasties. Bold and good at shooting, he chased Emperor Liao Tianzuo in Yuanyang in his early years. In the first year of Song Jingkang (1 126), Jin conquered Bianjing, the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty, and was captured alive and destroyed the Northern Song Dynasty. On May 1st of the same year, Zhao Gou, the King of Kang, was located in Nanjing (now Shangqiu, Henan Province) and rebuilt Yan, which was called the Southern Song Dynasty in history. At that time, Jin was in a strategic offensive and Southern Song was on the defensive. Xu Jin frequently invaded the south, and wars were frequent, which provided a stage for outstanding generals such as Wan Yanzong Bi and Yue Fei to display their talents.

In the third year of Tianhui (A.D. 1 125), Zong Bi cut the Song Dynasty from Nanjing Road, took tangyin county, forced the capital of song dynasty to escape, led more than 100 horses to chase, and got back 3,000 horses. In the sixth year of Tianhui (AD 1 128), he led the army to defeat tens of thousands of people such as Song Syndrome, Keqingzhou and Linqu. Another 30,000 Song troops were defeated on the river, followed by Zhou Pu, Kaidefu and Daming, and Hebei was pacified.

"Search the mountains and search the sea" became famous in World War I.

In the seventh year of Tianhui (A.D. 1 129), Jin Jun invaded south, Wu Shu led his troops south, attacked Yangzhou in May, and Zhao Gou fled across the south of the Yangtze River. In October, he led the army to Jiangsu and Zhejiang. 1 1 month, Hezhou (now Anhui county) defeated Song Jun, went to Guangde, bravely crossed the natural barrier and Songling, crossed the Yangtze River to Jiankang (now Nanjing, Jiangsu province), and Zhao Gou fled to Hangzhou. Zong Bi followed closely, even went to Guangde, Anji and other places, captured Lin 'an House (now Hangzhou, Zhejiang) through Huzhou (now Zhejiang), skillfully crossed Cao 'e River and Kemingzhou, and pursued Zhao Gou. Zhao Gou had nowhere to run, so he had to take a boat to the sea, and he chased more than 300 miles with the nomads from the sea. I can't catch up because I haven't learned water fighting. This time, Jin Wushu led the troops to pursue Zhao Gou, crossing the river, crossing the natural barrier, breaking the pass, pounding the city, searching for mountains and rivers, and entering the sea, all of which were invincible. The short time, the long front and the wide area are all unexpected. Jin people call it "searching the mountains and exploring the sea". This battle greatly inspired the ruling and opposition parties in Xu Jin, and also made Wu Shu famous in the First World War ... King Yan Hongliang of Jin wrote a poem: "Station troops to the West Lake in a million, and immediately the first peak in Wu Shan" to express his heroism.

However, it is worth mentioning that on the way back to the north, Wu Shu was stubbornly blocked by the Southern Song Dynasty famous soldiers Han Shizhong and Yue Fei, and 65,438+10,000 troops were trapped in Huang Tiandang for 48 days before they were able to get out. After Jin Wushu returned to Jin Shangjing, he was still worried, saying, "Southerners are boats, just like we northerners are horses. What's the matter! " When Emperor Xizong of Jin just succeeded to the throne, the main peace faction headed by Dalan in Jin gave Song Yihe the monopoly of land in Henan and Shaanxi.

A bloody battle is rich and flat, and gains and losses are the same.

In the seventh year of Tianhui (1 129), Daikin Kingdom began to implement strategic shift and expand Sichuan and Shaanxi. In the autumn of the eighth year of Tianhui (1 130), Zongbi returned to the army from Jiangsu and Zhejiang and moved to Shaanxi with Zongfu. In September, Zong Fu marched into Luoshui, with Lou Shi and Zong Bi as the left and right leaders, and joined forces to start the "Battle of Fuping". At that time, Zhang Jun also took Liu Xi as commander-in-chief, and assembled more than 400,000 troops commanded by generals such as Liu Yong, Zhao Zhe and Wu Jun, surrounded by layers, and fought a decisive battle with 8 Jin Army in Fuping (now Fuping County, Shaanxi Province). In this campaign, the Southern Song Dynasty famous soldiers Zhang Jun, Liu Qi, Wu Jun and Qin Lingsun W took Xihe Road as the commander-in-chief, commanding180,000 horse infantry, claiming to be 400,000. The Fifth Route was assembled in Fuping, and Zhang Jun was in charge of the Yizhou War. In this campaign, Song Jun took the 8 Jin Army under the command of Hong Yanzong Bi as the focus of attack. The offensive was fierce, and Zong Bijun was heavily surrounded. From noon to dusk, hard work, containing the main force of Song Jun, won the time to turn the tide. Kim will be wiped out, and General Han will be shot in the eye until he dies. At this time, Lou Shi, Wan Yan, King of Yue, discovered the weakness under the command, so he took all the elite cavalry he led to attack Zhao, and Zhao was overwhelmed. Lou Shi and Zong Bi joined hands to kill it, which greatly inspired the morale of the 8 Jin Army and caused the Southern Song Dynasty180,000 army to collapse in an instant. Jin Jun pursued the victory, winning more with less, and won the battle of Fuping.

Fuping campaign, on the one hand, because of Zhang Jun's self-reliance and misjudgment, failed to take advantage of the enemy's weakness and the enemy's short-distance mistakes, decisively launched an attack, delaying the fighter plane, on the other hand, because of the bravery of Wan Yanzong Bi, which contained the enemy's main force, and finally ended in a great victory of the rulers. Most of Shaanxi Fifth Road was lost in the Southern Song Dynasty.

In the winter of the ninth year of Tianhui (1 13 1), Zong Bi led an army into Sichuan and fought against the brothers Wu Jun and Wu Lin (now southwest of Baoji, Shaanxi), the famous southern song dynasty, who were defeated in the battle of Fuping. In this battle, Zongbi was defeated and returned. Zong Bi "survived" and even "shaved off his beard". In this battle, Zong Bi lost more than 1000 soldiers and was wounded by an arrow himself. This was the first big defeat in Jin and Song Dynasties. In the winter of the eleventh year of Tianhui (1 134), Zong Bi led a surprise attack and captured Monk Yuan in one fell swoop.

In the winter of the ninth year of Tianhui (A.D. 1 13 1), Zong Bi led an army into Sichuan to fight against the brothers Wu Jun and Wu Lin (now southwest of Baoji, Shaanxi), the famous soldiers of the Southern Song Dynasty who were defeated in the battle of Fuping. In this battle, Zong Bi was defeated and returned with many soldiers. Zong Bi "escaped with only his body" and even "shaved his beard and left". In this battle, Zong Bi lost more than 1000 soldiers and was wounded by an arrow himself. This was the first big defeat in Jin and Song Dynasties. In February of the 11th year of Tianhui (1 134), Sally defeated Wu Jun in Guzhen. In winter, Zong Bi led a surprise attack and won the monk Yuan in one fell swoop. After the war of Monk Yuan, Zong Bi led another 130,000 troops to take Xianren Pass in Huixian. On the way, I once again met the well-prepared teacher of the Wu brothers, and once again suffered a crushing defeat of the Yuan monks, but I had no choice but to retreat to Qin Zhong. When Zongbi saw that the Wu brothers were good at fighting, he stopped fighting with them and took advantage of them. It was not until the first year of Tong (111) that Zong Bi wrote to the Wu brothers to retreat and win without a fight, and the Sichuan-Shaanxi area was safely controlled.

In the same year (1 134), Jin Ming pretended to be in and sent troops to capture six counties, including Xiangyang Prefecture (now Xiangfan, Hubei Province). From May to July, Yue Fei led the army to recover six counties such as Xiangyang (see the battle of Yue Fei recovering six counties in Xiangyang). In September, Hong Yanzong Bi and the pseudo-Qi army jointly launched an attack on Huaibei area, which was met by loyal opposition of Han Shizhong and Yue Feijun. Later, because Jin Taizong was critically ill, Jin Jun crossed Huaibei and retreated.

Go to the countryside to run the country.

Xi Zongtian Hui fifteen years, for the right deputy marshal, named Wang Shen. In North Korea, he supported Zongxi and Zongxi and opposed the agreement between Chang and Song on the return of Shaanxi and Henan. In the second year of Tian Juan (1 139), he was promoted to viceroy, and then to King Yue and Taibao. He killed Wan Yanchang in qi zhou (now Hebei Anguo) for treason.

Tian Ju three years (1 140), Taibao, led Taiwan Province Shangshu Province. In May, the peace treaty was torn up, and the war of invading the Song Dynasty was launched again. The soldiers were divided into four ways and attacked the Song Dynasty on a large scale. He sent troops to recapture the land originally returned to Henan and Shaanxi in the Song Dynasty. The main force led by Wan Yanzong Bi was defeated by the Eight-character Army led by Liu Kun in Shunchang County (now Fuyang, Anhui Province) and returned to Tokyo (now Kaifeng, Henan Province). Withdrawing troops and Yue Feijun fought in Yancheng (now Henan) and suffered a heavy defeat; Turn to attack Yingchang mansion (now Xu Changdong, Henan province), defeated, and returned to Bianjing. Yue Fei took advantage of the situation to fight back, defeated Jin Jun repeatedly, and recovered Zhengzhou and Chen Zhou (now Huaiyang, Henan). Just as Yue Fei was preparing to send troops to recover the Central Plains, Song Ting forced Yue Fei to withdraw his troops in order to make peace with the rulers. After transferring troops in Song Jun, he recovered the lost territory in Henan and fell into the hands of 8 Jin Army. Yue Fei, a great anti-gold star, was also executed by Qin Gui on charges of "unwarranted". In the spring of the first year of Huangtong (1 14 1), the soldiers marched into Huainan and fought with Song Jun, and both sides won and lost. The conclusion of peace treaties with Song Gaozong and Qin Gui made the Southern Song Dynasty a vassal of gold and lost its old coins. The Jin and Song Dynasties, bounded by Huaishui in the east and Dasanguan in the west (now southwest of Baoji, Shaanxi Province), ended the state of war of 10 years, and formed a long-term confrontation between the north and the south, which was called Shaoxing peace talks in history.

Yue Fei died, and only the Wu brothers stationed in the monk's courtyard could resist. 1 14 1 year, wrote to: "I hope the Song Dynasty will send someone to let the Wu brothers retreat! I'm afraid this is our biggest concern. Moreover, before this passage, we specially wrote the words "all the troops are in Huai, so that each class can return to Japan". After reading the letter, Emperor Gaozong was afraid and warned the Wu brothers not to offend Wu Shu. So Wu Shu achieved the goal of "defeating the enemy without fighting" with only one short message. Since then, Wu Shu's army has occupied Sichuan and Shaanxi, and no one can defeat it.

In the second year of Emperor Tong, he returned to Korea to supervise the revision of national history. He worshipped Taifu with merit, gave people, cattle, horses, camels and sheep, and paid tribute to silver every year. For seven years, he served as a teacher, made Sanyi a marshal, and was in charge of military and political power. In October of eight years (AD 1 149), he died of illness. Fifteen years of firm determination, loyalty and heroism.

Wan Yan Zongbi is an outstanding king, an extremely rare military commander and an important dictator. On the battlefield, he took the lead, fought bravely, defeated Zong Ze and Han Shizhong, the great names of the Song Dynasty, pacified the Central Plains, and pursued Zhao Gou, the Emperor of the Song Dynasty, forcing the Song Dynasty to submit, thus establishing the unshakable superpower status of the rulers. When the founding father of North Korea died or rebelled, and the political situation was unstable, he supported the crisis alone and made the dynasty tide over the difficulties smoothly. The history of gold. "The Biography of Zongbi" praised: "Zongbi promoted Song to live on the island, so he decided to make an appointment with Huai Hua. Compared with Song people, Zong Bi took Henan and Shaanxi as examples and corrected them. After Han Zong's death, Zong Pan, Zong Jun, Tardiness and Diligence flooded his wealth. Everyone has the heart to be himself and be independent. Without Zongbi, the state of Jin would be in danger. Sejong once said, "After Han Zong, Zongbi was the only one. It's not crazy. "

Remains of wanyan Zongbi

Manchu, the descendant of Jurchen nationality, is quite nostalgic and admired for this generation. Today, there are still many remains of Yan Hong Zongbi in the black water of Baishan. There is the famous golden wizard, Caoyun River. Although this river was not necessarily dug by Jin Wushu, it did have a direct relationship with the expansion of the Liao and Song wars in the early Jin Dynasty. At that time, the canal was dug to ease the water transport of the Ashe River. The "Golden Wushu Grains River" is about 50 kilometers long. It starts from the southeast near Guangqingzhuang, Yangshu Township, Acheng in the east, flows through the junction of Shuangcheng and Harbin in the northwest, and flows into the Songhua River near Xixiakan, Nong Xin Township, Daoli District. Although most of them have been razed to arable land, they are still recognizable. In addition, there are Old Wu Shu's Tomb (Liaoqing Cemetery), Woodward Warming Station (Suihua Square Station) and Woodward Chopping Station (Agoudas Mausoleum).

How to evaluate Wan Yanzong Bi

How to evaluate Wan Yanzong Bi is actually not too difficult. During the Song Dynasty, the Jurchen nationality was a small and weak nation, which surrendered to Song, Liao and even to North Korea for a time. Fortunately, Akuta rose in the black water of Baishan, conquered Liao and Korea, and made Jurchen the most powerful country in the world at that time. Its territory is wider than that of the Song Dynasty, which was regarded as a new moon at that time. Yan Zongbi made great contributions in the war of conquering Qidan, and in the war against Song Dynasty. Jurchen's Jin regime could not defeat the Zhao and Song regimes with the most developed culture and prosperous economy in the world at that time. Wanyan Zongbi has expanded the living space and improved the living environment for the Jurchen nationality, and is an out-and-out national hero of the Jurchen nationality.

Yue Fei is a hero of the Chinese nation. There is no doubt that both the rival Nuzhen of Yue Fei at that time and the Mongols who later entered the Central Plains did not waver in their evaluation of Yue Fei. However, Wan Yan Zongbi's evaluation is still a secret to historians. The point is that Song has nothing to do with Jin. Here, I think the attitude of Jin people is the most important. At that time, both Qidan and Jurchen recognized the orthodox position of the Song Dynasty. Therefore, Zhao and Song Dynasties were the orthodoxy of China at that time, and the relationship between Qidan and Song Dynasty was nothing more than that of Shu, Wu and Wei. In human history, there are countries within a country, and there are many periods when different regimes exist within a country, not just China. The Song-Jin War was a fraternal struggle of the Chinese nation. Yue Fei is a national hero, and Hong Yanzong Bi is naturally a national hero. There is no need to deny Yue Fei's status as a national hero for the sake of national unity-the unity of the Chinese nation is unbreakable-and Yan Zongbi cannot be identified as an aggressor with a narrow and backward view of history.