Basic information of English suffixes

Adjective suffixes -able and -ible are synonymous suffixes. When added to a verb, it turns the verb into an adjective, which is equivalent to the modal verb can+ passive verb. So it has a passive meaning in semantics. For example:

The results can be tested. → The result is testable. These results can be tested.

Which verbs can be added and which can be added?

1. Most words with -ible come from Latin. The following words with -ible are all Latin verbs. Such as edible, visible, sensible, possible and flexible.

2. The verb ending in -mit is changed to -miss, and then to add -ible. Such as: permit → permit

3. For verbs ending in -nd, change -nd to -ns and add -ible, such as: responsible → responsible, defense→defensible.

4. Verbs with -able are far more than those with -ible, and -able is an active suffix. If you want to form a new word with this meaning, you always add -able.

5. generally, for verbs ending in e, e and add -able are removed. Such as: Erase → erasable, Cheat → deceivable.

There are also direct additions, such as: change → exchangeable, service → serviceable.

6. Verbs end with consonants and y, and y becomes I and can. For example: deny → deny (deny→deniable), rely→reliable (reliable) suffix -ize(-ise) can be added to nouns or adjectives to form verbs, indicating to do it. For example: drama → drama (adapted into a script), modern → organized → organized, folk → enlightenment (civilizing and becoming civilized), system → systematization. Normal → normalization, equality → equality.

Pay attention to some words ending in -y. When adding the suffix -ize(-ise), remove-y and add -ize(-ise). For example, suffixes -full, -ous, -ent and -ant can be directly added to verbs or nouns to form adjectives. Generally speaking, adjectives consisting of verbs with suffixes of -ful, -ous, -ent and -ant indicate active meaning.

Ful means rich, full of quality, easy or capable. For example, powerful, peaceful, shameful, helpful and forgetful.

-ous means similar, of a certain nature and belonging to something. For example: enviable (enviable; Jealous (dangerous) famous (famous) savage (savage) deformed (weird, deformed)

-Enter of or about. For example, dependent and confident are obvious (innocent) and frequent (repetitive)

-ant means to belong to or have the nature of. For example, the suffix -ee can be added to verbs to form nouns, or to some adjectives or nouns to form nouns. The characteristics of word formation can be summarized as follows:

1. Nouns are added to many transitive verbs to indicate the passive meaning of the subject. Such nouns are also called passive nouns. For example: trainees (employees), appointees (expellees), recipients (recipients), toasts (recipients), detainees (detainees), interviewees (interviewees).

2. Add some intransitive verbs to form nouns, indicating the active actor, that is, the person who performs an action. Generally speaking, these verbs have no suffix -er or -or. For example: returnees (returnees) fugitives (fugitives) boarders (boatmen) interviewers (participants) asylum seekers (refugees) divorcees (divorcees)

It is worth noting that if the word ends with a silent -e, then just add an -e, for example, advise-advise invite-invite (invitee) retire-retire (retiree) ① a person engaged in a certain occupation or action.

1)-an, -ian, which means that people are in ... places, proficient people ... "Americans, historians,

2)-al stands for principal,

3)-ant, -ent, which means "businessman, agent, servant, student,

4)-ar, meaning "scholar, liar, peddler"

5)-ard,-art means that someone does this ... "Coward, laggard, braggart (exaggerator)

6)- Arian, a person means ... faction, whose person ... "Humanitarian, vegetarian.

7)-ary, this means that people engage in ... secrets and disappear.

8)-ate, which means who is responsible for the candidates and graduates? ...

9)-ator, which means educator and speculator.

10)-Crat, which means a regime, a supporter of Democrats, and a bureaucrat.

1 1)-ee, which means employees and candidates who take action.

12)-eer, which means to engage in ... personal engineers and volunteers.

13)-er, which means people who are engaged in a certain occupation, bankers, observers, Londoners, villagers in a certain area or place.

14)-ese, which means ... China people, ... locals "Japanese, Cantonese.

15)-ess, which stands for feminine noun, address, host and manager ess.

16)- Euro, which means ... amateur.

17)- Ian, this means ... local people, believe in ... religion, and engage in ... "Christians, doctors, musicians.

18)-ician, which means proficient, ... home, "electrician, magician, technician.

19)-icist, meaning ... family, ... people, ... experts "physicist, phonologist, technical expert.

20)-ic, which means ..., ... is mechanical and critical.

2 1)-ie, indicating love, refers to little dearie, aunt, lassie (little girl)

22)-ier, which means to engage in ... "Knight, dressmaker, brazier (brazier)

23)-ine, ian, which means feminine people are called heroines and ballerinas.

24)-ist means pianist, communist, dentist, artist and chemist who are engaged in ... researchers and believers.

25)-ive, meaning actor, actor "indigenous, captive.

26)-logistics scientist, which means ... biologists, researchers, geologists.

27)-Or, it means author, doctor, operator,

28)-ster means someone who does something ... "Young people, players, singers.

29)-yer, which means "lawyer" who is engaged in ...

(2) Composition, which has the meaning of abstract nouns.

1)-acy, indicating the nature, state, situation, accuracy and fuzziness.

2)- Age means state, behavior, identity and its result, which are collectively called courage, storage and marriage.

3)-al, a) indicates the action and process of things. Refuse, arrive, survive, deny, approve

B) handbooks, signals, editorials and periodicals

4)-ance, -ence means nature, condition, behavior, process, total amount, degree "endurance, importance, diligence, difference and obedience.

5)- Urgency, indicating nature, state, behavior, process frequency, urgency and efficiency,

6)- Reliability means action, nature, state possibility, fear,

7)-craft, which means craft, skill "woodcarving, handicrafts, national crafts."

8)-Clay, which means ruling, dominating bureaucrats and democracy.

9)-cy, indicating nature, status, status, bankruptcy level (bankruptcy) and supremacy.

10)-dom, indicating rank, territory, national freedom, kingdom and wisdom.

1 1)-ery, -ry, which means behavior, state, habit courage, bribery and competition.

12)-ety, indicating that the nature and status are "changing, suspicious (suspicious)"

13)- fact,-fact, which means to make ...

14)-hood, which means qualification, identity, age, status childhood, adulthood, falsehood.

15)- ice, indicating behavior, nature, status notification, justice and service.

16)-ine, which means medicine, discipline and famine have abstract concepts.

17)-ing, indicating the process of action, resulting in architecture, writing and learning.

18)-ion, -ion, -ion, -ion,-ion, indicating the process, result, situation, action, solution, conclusion, destruction, performance and correction of behavior.

19)-ise, indicating the nature and state of "sports, goods (business)"

20)- ism, directive system, ism, ism, belief, behavioral socialism, criticism, spoken language, heroism.

2 1)-ity, indicating the nature, state and degree of "purity, reality, energy and disaster"

22)-ment, which means behavior, state, process, means and its result processing, movement, judgment, punishment and argument.

23)-mony, indicating the result of action, in the state of ceremony, testimony.

24)-ness means the nature, state and degree of kindness, kindness, tiredness and friendliness.

25)-or, -our, indicating action, nature, state favor, error,

26)-osity means action, which means "conservatism"

27)- Ship, explaining the situation, nature, skills, skills and status, occupation "hardship, membership, friendship.

28)-th means action, nature, process, state depth, wealth, truth, length and growth.

29)-tude, indicating nature, state, latitude and altitude (altitude).

30)-ure refers to behavior, result exposure, stress, failure, procedure,

3 1)-y, indicating the result, state and nature of the behavior "glory, history, victory and inquiry.

③ It has the meaning of place and place.

1)- Age, which means residence, location, village and cottage.

2)-ary, which means residence, venue library and granary.

3)-ery, ry stands for workplace, nursery, laundry room, nursery and operating room (operating room).

4)-ory means workplace, residence, factory, laboratory and observatory.

(4) It has academic and scientific significance.

1)- geography, that is to say ... learning, while writing is "biology, calligraphy, geography"

2)-ic, ics stands for ... learning ... logic, mechanics, optics and electronics.

3)- ontology, which means ... knowledge ... "Biology, zoology, technology."

4)- Jurisprudence, which means ... learning ... astronomy, economics and ecology.

5)-ery stands for discipline, technical chemistry, cooking, machinery.

6)-y, which means ... learning, skills and methods "photography, philosophy.

5] refers to the sum of people and things, collective meaning.

1)- Age, luggage, tonnage

2)-dom, newspaperdom (Press)

3)- Community, neighborhood, women

4)-ery, cavalry, department (cabinet)

5)- Law, legislation and judicature

[6] indicates the meaning of the names of articles and substances.

1)-ant, ent, solvent, constant

2)- Aluminum, Signal, Picture (Pictorial)

3)ar, collar and pillar (stone pillar)

4)- Er, boilers, computers, washing machines, cookers.

5)-ery, curtains (satin)

6)-ing, clothes, mats,

7)- Components, instruments, equipment and accessories

Once said the meaning of "small"

1)-cle, particle,

2)- Molecules (molecules)

3)- El, the package

4)- Yeah, chicken, girl

5)-et, pocket, ticket

6)- Eta, Eta, Eto, cigarettes, prose (prose)

7)-kin, napkin

8)- Ling, Duckling,

9)- Letters, brochures

10)-y, baby and doggy (1) have the meaning of "attribute, tendency and association".

1)- Capable, mobile, comfortable, applicable, visible and responsible.

2)-al, nature, addition and education

3)- Ann, Ann, city, suburb, Republican Party

4)- ant, -ent, distant, important and excellent

5)-ar, similar, popular, conventional

6)-ary, military, voluntary

Ice, art, logic, politics, system, history, physics,

8)-ine, male, female, ocean

9)-ing, moving, touching and bold

A little silly, stupid, bookish and selfish

1 1)- energetic, positive, impressive and decisive

Theoretical, satisfactory and mandatory

13)-il, -ile, -eel, fragile, gentle (gentle)

2 means "similar".

1)- a little, boyish, childish

2)-esque, picturesque

Like, like a man, like a child

4)-ly, a man, a loving father, a scholar and a loving mother.

5)- Yes, it's troublesome and handsome.

6)-y, milky white, pasty

(3) means "full"

1)- substantial, beautiful, wonderful, beneficial and true.

2)- Greedy, dangerous, generous, brave and diverse.

3)- Otolaryngology, Violence

(4) meaning formed, made or produced by a substance.

1)- green, wood, gold, wool

2)- gaseous

3)-fic, science

5] means direction.

1)- East, East, West

2)- Forward, Down, Forward

[6] means "multiple"

1)- Dual tone, dual tone, treble

2)ple, triple

3) Times, times, times.

I once said the meaning of "quantitative relationship"

1)- thirteen years old

2)-ty, fifty

3)- Fourth, fiftieth

The meaning of nationality, language and religion.

1)- Ann, Rome, Europe

2)-ese, Chinese,

3)- English, English, Spanish

Levies the meaning of "degree of comparison"

1)- er, bigger.

2)- Slightly red and yellow

3)- Expected, highest

The most important and highest.

⑽ other meaning.

-less stands for passive, rural, stainless steel, wireless 1)-ize, ise stands for "modernization, mechanization, democratization and organization".

2)-en means to make, cause and make "fast, weak, soft and hard"

3)-if, which means "beautiful, purified, dense, remarkable and simple"

4)-ish, which means to make "complete, abolish, reduce and establish"

5)-ate, which means "yes"

2)- upward, downward, inward and upward

3)- Mode, always, horizontal

4)-wise, otherwise clockwise -ant, -ent stands for person or component.

Applicant (applicant), assistant (assistant), resident (resident)

Residents, residents), components (components), defendants (be

Sue) dependence (dependence)

⒉-ee follows the verb to indicate the receiver of the action.

Employees (employees), abandoned people (recipients of abandoned property),

Recipients (recipients), appointees (nominees), refugees

(refugees)

[14]-eer stands for "engage in ..."

Engineers (engineers), profiteers (speculators), pioneers (first

Feng), volunteer (volunteer)

χ-er is added to the verb to refer to a person or a machine; After the place name, it refers to the people in the area.

Dispensers (pharmacists), colorists (colorists), and samplers (tasters)

Absorber (absorber), amplifier (amplifier), Londoner

(Londoners), new york people (new york)

⒌-or refers to a person or thing.

Accelerator (accelerator), storage battery (battery, memory)

, actor, collector (collector)

[6]- Graphic machinery for writing or recording.

Anemometer (wind speed), chordometer (locator),

seismometer

⒎-ian,-an,-ese refers to people from Chinese mainland and other countries.

African (African), American (American), Asian (Asian)

, Chinese (China), Japanese (Japan)

⒏-ician refers to a familiar person. ...

Electrician (electrician), logician (logician),

Mathematician (mathematician)

⒐-ist refers to people who believe in a certain theory or system or often engage in a certain job.

Botanist (botanist), chemist (chemist), communist

(* * * Made in party member), typist (typist), violinist (violinist).

⒑-meter,-meter instrument

Tachmiter (sight distance meter, quasi-rangefinder), tromometer (microseismometer).

⒒-ism

Socialism (socialism), capitalism (capitalism)

5)-ard refers to people with contempt.

A drunkard (drunkard), a coward (coward)

13.-ETE is very small, which means (commercially) false.

Cigarettes (cigarettes), kitchenette (kitchenette), essayette

(short paper), storyette (short story), flannette (cotton flange

Wool), artificial leather (artificial leather).

⒕-y,-ie is added to the title to show intimacy.

Dear, dad, grandma.

Short man (short clothes)

5]- lowercase (added after nouns)

Brochure (brochure), streamline (stream)

[6]- Ling Xiao (with contempt)

Lordling (Jin Lei), Professor (Little Professor),

Weak (loser), hired (mediocre)

⒘-age is added to verbs to indicate the result of the action.

Stop (block), store (store) and get married (get married)

, the story age (story age)

⒙-al is added after the verb.

Agree (suggest), deny (deny), refuse (refuse),

Rehearsal (rehearsal)

⒚-ion,-sion,-ion are added after verbs.

Selection, modification, intention (play

Calculation), recognition, description,

Education, solution and decision.

20.-cy constitutes a noun

Accuracy, diplomacy, perseverance

Bankruptcy (often)

2 1.-dom stands for country, occupation and situation.

Freedom, martyr om, kingdom.

Wisdom (wisdom)

22.-ful is added at the back of the container to indicate the capacity of the container.

A handful (a handful), a bite (a mouthful), a cup

(For a cup)

23.-hood is a noun shedding, indicating a relationship or abstract meaning.

Brothers, brothers, neighbors

(Neighbor), possibility (possibility)

24.- It is the abbreviation of "inflammation"

Bronchitis (tracheitis) and arthritis (arthritis)

Appendicitis (appendicitis)

25.-ity is added after adjectives to express abstract meaning.

Ability (ability) and reality (reality)

26.-ment is added after the verb

Advertising, government,

Punishment (punishment), settlement (reconciliation), statement

(statement), pavement (sidewalk)

27.-ness is one of the most active suffixes, which can be added to many adjectives to form a smoke.

Elephant noun

Friendly, kind,

Progress (progress)

28.-gram constitutes the meaning of "painting, painting and writing".

Charts (diagrams), programs (plans), telegrams (electricity)

Text, telegram)

29.-ship is added after nouns to indicate state and abstract concepts.

Friendship, relationship,

Membership (membership), citizenship (residents' rights)

30.-try, -ery is added after nouns, adjectives and verbs to indicate the set and place.

Archery (archery), fishery (fishing ground), wine making (wine making)

Forestry (forestry)

3 1.-th is a noun suffix.

Birth, death, depth, growth

(growth), strength (strength), truth (truth)

32.-ty is added after adjectives to indicate characteristics or situations.

Generosity (generosity, generosity), cruelty (cruelty), loyalty (loyalty)

Sincere), sufficient (many), safe (safe)

33.-ure is added after the verb to indicate the behavior and its result.

Disclosure, expenditure,

Mix, expose, mix.

34.-ics mainly stands for a science.

Acoustics (acoustics), aerobatics (acrobatic flying),

Economics, electronics,

Mechanics (mechanics)

35.-LOGY stands for a discipline

Archaeology (archaeology), biology (biology), etymology

(etymology), geography

36. means "discipline"

Astronomy, economics, taxonomy ⒈-able and-ible are all added after verbs.

Acceptable (acceptable), avoidable (avoidable)

Understandable (understandable), readable (readable)

Countable (countable), possible (possible)

2.- A supplement to place names

Africans (Africans), Australians (Australians), Canadians (Canadians

Big)

χ-ern indicates the direction.

East (East), North (North), South (South)

Square), west (west)

5.-ese representative.

Chinese (China), Japanese (Japan), Viet Nam.

(Vietnamese)

6.-IC is added after nouns

Economic, special and scientific.

(science)

⒎-ical is added after the noun.

Economy (economy), history (history),

Politics (politics)

8. It means "having the characteristics of ..."

(1). After the name of a country, it means the country or its people.

Swedish (Swedish), Irish (Irish), Danish (Danish)

(2). After the common noun, it means "having the nature of ..." or containing light.

The meaning of contempt.

Naive (childish), feminine (feminine), stupid

Selfish (selfish).

(3) After the adjective indicating color, it means "slightly colored".

Greenish (slightly green), yessowish (slightly yellow).

⒐-ar is added after loanwords to form adjectives.

Circular (circular), familiar (familiar), linear (linear)

Core (atom), angle (angle), circle (circle)

⒑-ed is added to nouns to form adjectives.

Old (older), educated (educated), skilled (skilled)

), talented (talented), wretched (poor)

⒒-fold is added after numerals or nouns to form adjectives.

Double, triple, ten times

Times), thousand times (thousand times), many times (many times)

5]-ID constitutes an adjective.

Sour, spicy

⒔-ing is added after verbs to form adjectives.

Appetizing (appetizing) to encourage (encouraging),

Exciting (exciting), interesting (interesting).

⒕-less is added after nouns to form antonyms.

Armless, infinite, countless

No faith (uncountable), no faith (treachery)

15.-proof is added after the noun, indicating the adjective "against ..."

Sealing, sound insulation and explosion protection

Anti-theft (anti-bomb), waterproof (anti-theft)

⒗-some is added after adjectives to form adjectives.

Fulsome (excessive, annoying), gladsome (pleasant),

Tired (tired), lonely (lonely)

⒘-ious,-uous,-eous form adjectives.

Various, continuous,

Brave (brave)

18.-en is added after nouns to form verbs.

Extend (extend), threaten (threaten) 1. -yes.-yes.

Accumulate (concentrate), formulate (form), calculate (meter

Calculation), Attribute (Credit)

2.-en is added after nouns and adjectives.

Turn black (make ... black), widen (widen), deepen (deepen)

, fast (acceleration), hard (strengthening), thick (thickening)

3.-if is added after nouns and adjectives.

Keywords acidification, alkalization, beautification,

Power on, confirm and modify.

4.- Izz-Izz-Izz-Izz-Izz

Americanization, analysis, democratization

(democratization), modernization (modernization) and popularization (popularization)

5. means "the person who does the action of ..."

Beater (beating), flatterer (flatterer), chatterbox (chatterbox)

Whisper 1. -ly is added after adjectives.

Immediately, quickly, that is (that is to say)

2.-ways, -wise, -ward are added after nouns or pronouns.

End up, end down,

Longitudinal (longitudinal), longitudinal (longitudinal),

Backward (backward), upward (upward)