What should Chinese accumulation include?

What should Chinese accumulation include? How to improve students' material accumulation?

The lack of students' materials has become a common problem. How to accumulate material? How to improve the quality of materials? This is a major point to solve the writing problem. Based on many years' teaching experience, the author puts forward some feasible suggestions, hoping that everyone can give you more advice!

First, we should get in touch with some newspapers with strong literary flavor, so as to get in touch with some works with rich literary background (each literary publication has many classic works for us to enjoy). At the same time, these publications have a distinct flavor of the times, which are closely related to our present life and reflect our real life from many angles. The periodical we often subscribe to at school is a Chinese newspaper, which is of great help to our study. I also recommend the book Composition and Examination, which contains many writers' works and is of great educational significance.

Secondly, I would also like to emphasize that having information at hand does not mean that we can really make use of it, just like the publications we order in a unified way. Although every student has it, the degree of utilization of students is different. This requires students to cultivate a sense of being good at using materials and have a sense of longing for materials, so that they can really be interested in the materials around them. This kind of interest is also something that teachers in the front line of Chinese teaching should cultivate, encourage and praise in time.

Thirdly, I think we are surrounded by China materials. What is Chinese? Language and literature, our daily conversation, is the scope of Chinese study. Cultivating a sense of language is a key to accumulating materials and also a key to using them. Watching TV talk shows is very helpful. Talk shows interview people who are quite successful in our society. Their conversation is often full of wisdom. Learning their language is one thing, and learning a literary thinking is the key to our use of materials.

Fourth, pay attention to the recording. Sometimes our teachers feel this way. Sometimes we remember a related example or information, but we just can't. This requires us to read more books. Copy it if you like! If you don't have time, you can go to the school copy agency to make a copy!

Fifth, get in touch with some famous books. Some people may think that this is really to repeat our first point, right? Actually, it's not. A masterpiece is sometimes a society. Paul has a world of everything, a grand view of human nature and a broad view of everything. For example, a dream of red mansions can produce several ancient poems alone, which also reflects the vastness of our Chinese civilization. These poems, each capital is a high-level material, which is very eye-catching. And there are a lot of judgments and wine orders, all simple sentences, as the title of the article. That's really the finishing touch!

Sixth, we should learn to use materials and improve the quality of our own materials. Judging from years of teaching experience, the difference in students' Chinese learning lies in the use of language. Knowing that this material can't be finished, we must learn to use the materials we see in exquisite language in order to truly achieve our goals. This is also the real purpose of literary creation.

Finally, I always think that it is our top priority to cultivate students' enthusiasm for Chinese subjects and Chinese phenomena. Only by changing our traditional indoctrination teaching method can we fundamentally change students' interests.

Hua said: "Genius lies in diligence and knowledge lies in accumulation." I think language accumulation should include the following contents:

First, the accumulation of basic knowledge. Mainly refers to pronunciation, font, word analysis, idiom use, punctuation, sick sentences and so on. In the process of learning, guide students to actively search and filter important knowledge from the text and arrange it in notebooks; You can also accumulate knowledge encountered in extracurricular reading. Only by accumulating more knowledge can we use it freely.

Second, the accumulation of composition materials. Reading and writing are inseparable. Teachers should guide students to accumulate some important and practical composition materials in reading.

(1) Unique title. Such as: pain and happiness, unique scenery here, ferry sincerity and so on.

(2) Beautiful sentences. Such as parallelism, duality, philosophical sentences, etc. For example, camels walk in the desert, geese line up in the sky, fish are shallow, and everything has its pole; Another example: Wang Wen refused to perform Zhouyi; Zhong You wrote Spring and Autumn Annals; Qu Yuan's exile comes from Fu's "From the Fury"; Zuo Qiu is blind and has "Mandarin"; Sun Tzu's Foot, Revised Edition of Sun Tzu's Art of War; Wei did not move to Shu, but Lu Lan was handed down from generation to generation. Han Fei imprisoned Qin, which was "unspeakable" and "lonely and angry"; The poem "Three Hundred Poems" is also an angry move by the sages at the bottom of the earth.

(3) Famous poems and sentences. Poems and famous sentences are neat and vivid. Quotations in a composition can make an article shine. Just a few examples:

1. I dare not forget worrying about my country-Song Luyou's Book of Diseases.

2. Died in a national disaster, died suddenly-Three Kingdoms. A wise white horse.

3. But make the Dragon City fly, don't teach Huma to climb the Yinshan Mountain-Don Wang Changling's "Out of the Great Wall"

4. Businessmen don't know how to hate their country, but they still sing "* * * flowers" across the river-Bo Qinhuai by Tang Du Mu

5. My heart is a magnet, which doesn't mean that the South won't rest-Wen Song Tian Xiang's The Yangtze River.

6. Spring grass grows in the pond, and garden willows turn into songbirds. -Southern Dynasties. Song. Xie Lingyun's Climbing the Pool and Upstairs

7. Thousands of trees bloom in the East at night, and the stars are like rain —— Song Xin Qi Ji's Jade Box

8. During the Qingming Festival, there are many rains, and pedestrians on the road want to break their souls-Qingming by Tang Du Mu

9. Ask the shutter man, Haitang is still there. Do you know that?/You know what? Do you know that?/You know what? It should be green, fat, red and thin —— Song Liqing's Dream.

10. It rains at home in Huangmei season, and frogs are everywhere in the grass pond-Song Zhao Shixiu's "You Yue"

(4) Lyrics. The charm of lyrics is endless. Many lyrics are beautiful in language, full of philosophical meaning and skillfully borrowed, which will become a highlight of the article. For example, "how can you see a rainbow without experiencing wind and rain?" No one can succeed casually ","Be happy for your happiness, be happy for your happiness ","Men should strengthen themselves ","Go home often ","Make moves when it is time "and" The stars light up ".

(5) for example. There are vivid examples in some articles, so you might as well accumulate them for reference. Examples can come from both extracurricular reading materials and self-taught texts. Examples should be summarized. There are many beautiful articles in Reader, Smart Backpack and Youth Digest, and there are many examples for reference.

(6) advertising words, mobile phone text messages. These things can be seen everywhere, but some of them are very valuable. For example:

1. One world, one dream.

Reach out your hand, reach out my hand and keep the scraps of paper away from our campus.

Rain or shine, please don't hurt it again.

I send garbage to my home to protect the environment.

Under the blue sky, * * * enjoys a beautiful home.

6. Love you like a mouse loves rice.

Third, accumulate good Chinese learning methods and develop good Chinese learning habits. Such as: reading habits, hands-on habits, summing-up habits, communication habits, etc.

What should Chinese accumulation include? A very important method of Chinese learning is accumulation. In teaching, we should guide students to accumulate, let students develop the good habit of taking notes, and let accumulation play its due role. Through accumulation, students' cultural literacy is constantly improved, students' cultural vision and thinking space are expanded, and thus students' problem-solving ability is improved. I think language accumulation should include the following contents: 1. Cultural Accumulation High school students should have rich cultural accumulation, constantly improve their cultural literacy and expand their horizons and thinking space. We should guide students to read cultural works, investigate and sort out materials, cultivate their ability and habit of actively accumulating various cultural knowledge, enhance their cultural awareness and absorb the nutrition of China traditional culture. Second, the accumulation of literary common sense is a very important aspect in Chinese teaching in senior high schools. Teachers should pay attention to guiding students to effectively remember, such as the lives, works, thoughts and writing characteristics of some writers. Guide students to accumulate literary knowledge, enrich their spiritual world and improve their cultural taste. Third, the accumulation of excellent paragraphs can be read to some excellent ancient prose, poems and songs, and modern and contemporary poems with deep charm until they are memorized. The more times you read, the deeper your understanding will be, the stronger your feelings will be, and your sense of language will naturally be enhanced, laying a good foundation for appreciation and writing. Vocabulary accumulation 4. Vocabulary accumulation includes idioms, proverbs, two-part allegorical sayings, proverbs, aphorisms, poems, couplets, modern languages, lyrics, operas and advertisements. Can be accumulated from the text. The famous textbooks are rich in vocabulary, beautiful in words, vivid, accurate and concise in words and sentences, which is the best material for vocabulary accumulation. You can accumulate from extracurricular reading, read famous books and articles at all times and all over the world, browse newspapers and magazines, etc. Pay attention to everything in reading and learn words that are used well or that you think are innovative. It can also be accumulated from daily conversations, movies, TV and radio, from which you can often learn words that you can't usually learn by reading. Summarize and sort out the words accumulated at ordinary times, conduct comparative research and study in different categories, deepen the understanding of words and improve the ability of choosing words and making sentences. V. Accumulation of Chinese knowledge The accumulation of Chinese knowledge includes: the use of punctuation marks, the use of rhetorical devices, and some knowledge of poetic meter. 6. Life Accumulation Some students lack life accumulation, which affects their interest in reading and is not conducive to the improvement of students' Chinese literacy. Chinese teachers should provide students with opportunities to participate in social practice, investigation and visit, so that students can observe life, pay attention to life, participate in life, experience life and feel life. Guide students to accumulate ideological and emotional life. Seven, methods, habits accumulation Teachers should help students make practical Chinese learning plans, adopt learning methods that suit them, accumulate and persist for a long time, and truly develop good Chinese learning habits. We should teach students some effective learning methods, reading and appreciating methods of different genres of articles, and writing methods of various genres of articles. We should teach students to accumulate these methods, compare them, choose the methods that are effective for them, and carry out continuous transformation and innovation. Eight, the accumulation of composition materials is a major difficulty in Chinese teaching, but also a major difficulty for students to learn Chinese. In teaching, we should cultivate students' good habit of accumulating composition materials. Teachers can help students provide some, or let students accumulate some by themselves, and guide students to classify composition materials, which can be classified from genre: narrative materials, explanatory materials, argumentative materials and so on. , and can be divided into short stories, famous sayings, poems and songs, etc.

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Chinese has been integrated into our daily life, so if we want to learn Chinese well, we must closely combine it with life, from life to life. Our life is rich and colorful, and a person with a heart can always find and get infinitely wonderful knowledge and materials from it, and these are the most vital and contemporary.

The ancients said: "The accumulation of soil makes mountains, and the wind and rain are prosperous; The importance of accumulation is revealed in "How do dragons grow when water drops converge into the ocean". A famous foreign writer once invited a friend to dinner. When he saw the interesting name on the menu, he immediately took out his notebook and recorded it, but forgot his friend. In fact, many famous writers have the habit of carrying notebooks with them. Remember what? You can write down the punch lines in the conversation, you can write down sudden thinking inspiration, you can write down unique events and so on. We don't have to do this, but at least we should form a good habit of being good at observing life, thinking about life diligently and raising perceptual knowledge to rational knowledge.

First, pay attention to the accumulation of basic knowledge. The accumulation of basic knowledge mainly includes the following three aspects:

First, the accumulation of vocabulary, idioms, famous sentences and articles, and literary and cultural knowledge.

The second is the artistic techniques of various literary genres, such as poetry, prose and novels.

Third, the accumulation of reading and writing knowledge.

Secondly, we should pay attention to the accumulation of life. Chinese teachers should cultivate students' good habits of cherishing all learning opportunities, observing life and understanding life. For us high school students, the ways of accumulation can be roughly divided into the following categories:

First, listen to lectures and practice. Teachers' teaching is very important. She gave us the essence after screening, which has a strong guiding and enlightening significance. Practice is also essential, and there must be a certain amount. Through lectures and a series of synchronous exercises or special exercises, we can firmly grasp the basic knowledge and basic reading and writing skills.

Second, read books and newspapers. As long as you are willing to swim in the ocean of books, after a long time, you may find yourself stuttering all the time, but you can actually say it. Extensive reading can really accumulate knowledge quickly and effectively, and improve our reading ability and language comprehensive ability imperceptibly. Generally speaking, with the increase of reading, the level of Chinese has naturally improved. And there are ways to read. First of all, we should choose some excellent reading materials; When reading a book, we should pay attention to reading it by the method taught by the teacher; After reading it, you might as well make some reading notes and extract wonderful words, paragraphs and useful materials.

Third, exercise. Sometimes people who can read may not be able to write good articles. Only through our own practice can we truly acquire knowledge and complete the process of knowledge accumulation. The form of practice can be diary, weekly diary, feeling after reading, proposition composition, essay, etc.

In short, as long as we pay attention to accumulation and put it into action, the world of Chinese will be more beautiful and colorful.

What are the contents of language accumulation? I know there is nothing to listen to in Chinese class, but you must listen to some of it.

1, be sure to listen to classical Chinese, especially the content words and function words inside.

2. There are some ancient poems that must be memorized. Besides rote learning, we should learn to appreciate them.

3. Read Readers and Youth Digest more, so that you can accumulate some composition materials.

4. Some phonetic symbols must also be remembered.

5, and the reading answer format that the teacher said must also be remembered.

As long as these are done, the language is generally around 100.

What does the language include? 1 Shuo Wen Jie Zi

2 literary appreciation,

Classical Chinese, modern Chinese

Poetry, prose, novel, drama ......

3 literary creation

What content should junior middle school Chinese accumulate? I came from grade three, so you don't need to care about anything after class at all. At that time, you couldn't finish the task assigned by the teacher, so you must not relax in senior three.

What does the accumulation of junior middle school Chinese include and what is Chinese literacy? Cui Luan, president of the National Association of Small Languages, believes that Chinese literacy is a comprehensive literacy centered on Chinese ability, and its elements include Chinese knowledge, Chinese accumulation, Chinese ability, Chinese learning methods and habits, as well as thinking ability and humanistic literacy. The item 10 listed in the general goal of the curriculum standard is the basic requirement for every student receiving compulsory education in Chinese literacy. If the requirements of 10 are met, it should be considered that "students' Chinese literacy has been improved in an all-round way". The author puts the content of "Chinese literacy" from low level to high level. From simple to complex, it is divided into six levels:

First, the necessary knowledge of Chinese. The ability to leave knowledge is unimaginable. It is easy to deny the guiding and promoting role of Chinese knowledge in Chinese learning, which will easily lead Chinese teaching to the irrational misunderstanding. In primary school, we should teach some knowledge of Chinese characters in sound, form and meaning, basic knowledge of grammar and rhetoric, common knowledge of paragraph and text structure, and basic knowledge of reading and writing methods. Chinese learning inevitably involves language knowledge learning, and knowledge must be taught, but what knowledge to teach and how to teach it still need our careful study.

Second, rich language accumulation. The main content of Chinese learning is a specific model essay, which determines that Chinese teaching must allow students to have a certain amount of perceptual language materials and achieve a qualitative leap on the basis of quantitative accumulation. Mastering about 3,500 commonly used Chinese words and written language, reciting a certain amount of paragraphs and excellent poems, and reading a certain amount of extracurricular books are the basis for forming Chinese literacy.

Third, skilled language skills. Skilled skills become an ability to some extent. Chinese teaching must cultivate students' basic skills such as looking up a dictionary, reading aloud, reading silently, speaking, observing and writing in a large number of language practices; Let students learn to use a variety of reading methods and common language expressions, master common ways of thinking, be good at processing and expressing their unique thinking results in standardized language, and initially have the ability to collect and process information; We can use the language properly according to different language materials and different communication occasions, and finally form a good sense of language.

Fourth, good study habits. Chinese teaching must bear in mind Mr. Ye Shengtao's famous saying that "teaching is for not teaching". In teaching, students should master the most basic Chinese learning methods and cultivate their self-confidence and good habits in Chinese learning. For example, the habit of consulting reference books frequently, the habit of not reading books, the habit of listening carefully, and the habit of neat handwriting.

Fifth, profound cultural accomplishment. Chinese teaching should let students be influenced by noble sentiment and taste, improve cultural taste and aesthetic taste, and cultivate a scientific attitude of seeking truth from facts and advocating truth; Appreciate the image beauty of Chinese characters and cultivate the emotion of loving the language and writing of the motherland; Appreciate the profoundness of Chinese culture and absorb the cultural wisdom of the nation; Respect multiculturalism and absorb the nutrition of excellent human culture.

Sixth, behave gracefully. Chinese teaching should focus on cultivating students' refined temperament and civilized behavior. Treat people generously, speak gently, and choose the right words according to different occasions. We should dare to put forward our own ideas, but also listen to others' opinions patiently and respect their views. We should have the courage to admit our own shortcomings, appreciate the advantages and strengths of others, and learn to communicate and communicate with others in a civilized way.

It can be seen that the connotation of Chinese literacy in curriculum standards is very rich. It is by no means a simple language skill, but a comprehensive civilization accomplishment, which is an indispensable basic accomplishment for individuals to integrate into society and develop themselves. The concept of Chinese literacy makes Chinese teaching seek a balance between carrying forward the spirit of scientific rationality, paying attention to the accuracy, conciseness and practicality of language, meeting the basic requirements of national modern production, preventing people from being instrumentalized, paying attention to the cultivation of innovative thinking, edifying humanistic spirit and shaping perfect personality. This is a historic transcendence of the Chinese syllabus.

What does Chinese lesson preparation include? Effectiveness is the life and source of teaching. Effective classroom teaching is actually to enable students to achieve the expected best results through certain educational and teaching activities. Education and teaching activities here not only refer to teachers' teaching, but also include students' learning and the interaction between teachers and students in the learning process. It can be said that the classroom is the core position to carry out teaching activities, and the core of imparting knowledge, cultivating ability and cultivating emotional attitudes and values is in the classroom. Therefore, the effect of classroom teaching is directly related to the teaching quality and the practical value of talent training. So, how can we improve the effectiveness of classroom teaching? First, preparing lessons carefully is the first condition to improve the effectiveness of classroom teaching. As Yu Yongzheng said, preparing lessons does not mean writing lesson plans. In fact, preparing lessons includes studying teaching materials, collecting materials, understanding students, considering teaching ideas and methods, and writing teaching plans. Writing lesson plans is only the last link in preparing lessons-recording teaching objectives, requirements, key points and difficulties, teaching process and methods, and collected information about teaching. This is a "memorandum"-for reading before class, so as to do a good job in class. Preparing lessons is one of the important behaviors in teaching and the key for teachers to have a good class. If preparing lessons is invalid, teaching will be invalid. We spend our energy on studying and preparing lessons, in fact, we are "sharpening our knives and cutting wood by mistake." Therefore, I think the study of lesson preparation should be more important than other aspects of teaching, and we should vigorously advocate and implement effective lesson preparation. Teachers should prepare lessons from the perspective of students' learning activities. What kind of activities will be held in this class, how to arrange them, how to guide teachers, how to interact with students, how to evaluate and standardize students in activities and so on. , should be the problem that teachers should focus on. And not only need to prepare lessons in advance, but also learn to prepare lessons afterwards, that is, to reflect on teaching. Through reading some teaching works, I found that many super teachers have done a lot of teaching reflection during their growth. How to combine lesson preparation before class with reflection after class is a problem we need to study, which is also an innovation. Teachers should creatively deal with teaching materials, take students as the basic starting point of teaching and pay attention to students' development. It is very important for students to be the masters of the classroom. This is also the embodiment of taking students as the main body in the new curriculum standard. But many classes are taught by teachers first, and then students are required to cooperate with teachers. For example, when I was teaching Suzhou gardens, I first let the students experience the beautiful scenery described by the author, and the students soon discovered some beautiful scenery. Then I summed up the uniqueness of the garden according to my own teaching ideas, but ignored the students' own experience of the scenery along the way. Then, how to make students become the protagonists of learning is a basic problem, which we should study seriously together. Only by making students the real protagonists can their innovative thinking have more room for development. At the same time, we should respect students, respect the diversity of students' thinking, respect the sparks of students' thinking, and always keep students in mind, which means that students must be prepared when preparing lessons. In teaching practice, teachers should use teaching materials effectively, increase students' development, enhance their sense of educational responsibility and enhance their awareness of educational service. On the one hand, teachers should enrich teaching materials as much as possible to provide students with high-quality learning materials; On the other hand, it is necessary to provide students with the main teaching materials and excellent living teaching materials, so that students can have a strong interest. Teachers should set themselves as role models for students to learn, and really play the role of teaching by example. Second, strengthening students' classroom learning experience is the key condition to improve the effectiveness of classroom teaching. In the classroom of the new curriculum reform, students' learning experience generally comes from strong cognitive conflicts. They solve problems and gain experience through personal understanding and practical activities. For example, when I teach Dignity, let the students feel the emotional changes of Uncle Jackson and the young people, the reasons why the young people are weak and firm, and the reasons why the young people refuse to eat. Then let the students read the text with their own understanding of the characters in the text, so that they can basically understand the emotional context of the characters in the text after reading. Therefore, constantly strengthening and expanding the experience of learning activities is conducive to accumulating new experiences for subsequent learning. At the same time, our teachers should clear the necessary information channels for students in teaching, make teaching more open and dialogue, integrate the classroom into students' life world, and let students process their thinking under vivid information background to form new thinking results. For example, when students write, they all think that they can use rhetorical devices such as metaphor and personification to make the article look vivid and vivid, but many students' metaphors are unconstrained and unconstrained, which is not in line with reality. Therefore, I quietly guide students to contact life, and use common objects in life as metaphors and personification objects to make the article look more vivid, vivid, readable and wonderful. Of course, in the classroom, we should also strengthen students' personalized experience. Guide students to question hard, encourage students to have effective democratic dialogue, constantly spark generate's innovation in Sharon-style classroom speculation, and let students become students with their own ideas in valuable classroom debates. Thirdly, the change of students' learning style is an important condition to improve the effectiveness of classroom teaching. "Chinese Curriculum Standard" clearly puts forward "actively advocating independent, cooperative and inquiry learning methods". Changing students' learning style is a new teaching concept advocated by the new curriculum. Autonomous learning, cooperative learning and inquiry learning are three basic learning methods.

What does Chinese literacy include?

The so-called "Chinese literacy" means that primary and secondary school students have relatively stable and basic listening, speaking, reading and writing abilities to meet the requirements of the development of the times, as well as knowledge literacy and personality literacy in literature and articles in Chinese. Previous Chinese classes generally only focused on Chinese ability, such as "listening, speaking, reading and writing ability"