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Hamming code is actually a kind of multiple parity check code. Its working principle is to add parity bits to effective information bits to form Hamming code, and assign each binary bit of Hamming code to different parity check groups. When a bit goes wrong, it will cause the value of parity bit to change, so it can not only find the error, but also point out the location of the error, so it can also be corrected. Hamming distance between codewords is the minimum number of bits that must be changed when one codeword becomes another.

Let the parity bit of Hamming code be k and the information bit be m. In order to correct the dislocation of 1, the relationship between them should satisfy m+k+ 1≤2k. Therefore, if the information bit is 6, the parity bit to be added is 4.