Seek the comprehensive examination questions of Hunan college entrance examination in 2004

In 2004, the national unified entrance examination for colleges and universities was held.

Comprehensive ability test of liberal arts (Hunan volume)

Multiple choice question ***35, the first question 4 points, *** 140 points. Of the four options given in each question, only one is the most appropriate.

The following table is the climate data of three cities, according to which answer the question 1-3.

city

①

②

③

average temperature

℃

65438+ October

five

1 1

2 1

July

29

27

26

Average precipitation (mm)

65438+ October

47

75

1

July

150

five

6 10

1. Cities ①, ② and ③ may be

A. Shanghai, Moscow and Mumbai B. Shanghai, Rome and Mumbai

C. Beijing, Rome and Jakarta

2. The climate types of city ② are mainly distributed in

A. the west coast of the mainland b the east coast of the mainland c the inland d equatorial region of the mainland

3.① The typical vegetation types in the natural belt where the city is located are

A. Tropical rain forest B. Subhard coniferous forest

C. subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest

In the autumn of 2003, many springs in Quancheng Jinan flooded again. Figure 1 shows the landform types near Jinan, and answers questions 4-6 accordingly.

① Yellow River

② alluvial plain

③ Erosion plain

④ Karst low mountains

⑤ Granite gneiss low mountain

4. The main recharge areas of these springs are

A.③④ B.②③ C.①④ D.①⑤

5. The sources of these springs are mainly

A. soil water B. diving C. confined water D. surface runoff

6. The main reason why the spring water turned from dry to rich this time is that

A. The implementation of groundwater recharge has achieved results B. In B.2003, the rainfall in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River increased greatly.

C. Returning farmland to forests has brought good ecological benefits D. The East Route of South-to-North Water Transfer Project transfers water from the Yangtze River to the Yellow River.

The table below lists some data of land transportation in China and answers questions 7-9 accordingly.

1980

In 2002

Railway mileage (ten thousand kilometers)

5.33

7. 19

Railway passenger traffic (100 million people)

9.22

10.56

Railway passenger turnover (100 million kilometers)

1383

4969

Highway operating mileage (10,000 kilometers)

88.33

176.52

Road passenger transport momentum (100 million people)

22.28

1 1 1.63

Turnover of highway passengers (100 million kilometers)

730

7806

Note: Distance = passenger turnover/passenger volume.

7. Comparison of Railway Passenger Transport and Highway Passenger Transport in China in 2002

A. The average distance of railway passenger transport is equivalent to that of highway. B. Highway has obvious advantages in short-distance passenger transport.

C. The short-distance passenger turnover of railway is equivalent to that of highway. D. The average distance of railway passenger transport is equivalent to three times that of highway.

8. 1980-2002, China Railway Traffic

A. the proportion of passenger transport has steadily increased.

B. Passenger traffic per unit operating mileage shows a downward trend.

C. Compared with highway traffic, the average mileage of passenger traffic is growing slowly.

D. Compared with highway traffic, passenger turnover has increased rapidly.

9. The transportation industry in China has developed rapidly. In recent years,

A. the Qinghai-Tibet railway has been fully connected. B. The coastal freight port has been transformed into a container terminal.

C. the capacity of highways has been greatly improved. D all provincial administrative centers in China have airports except Tibet.

On June 20th, 2003, AT/KOOC-0/65438+China Satellite 20 was successfully fixed over the equator of East longitude/KOOC-0/03, and an extracurricular activity group in Tianjin planned to observe the satellite. Answer the question10-11.

10. During the day, what time (Beijing time) do you see the largest area of the satellite exposed to sunlight?

A. 1 point, B.7/point, C.1/point, D.1point.

1 1. At the same time every day, the day when the satellite was most exposed to sunlight was observed.

A.March B.June C.September d. 65438+ February

The civilized development of the Pearl River Basin has played an important role in the historical process of our country. Answer the question 12- 15.

12. The earliest artificial canal connecting the Yangtze River basin and the Pearl River basin was dug in 1960.

A. Warring States B. Qin Dynasty C. Han Dynasty D. Sui Dynasty

13. Guangzhou was an important port of the Maritime Silk Road during the Sui and Tang Dynasties. This "Maritime Silk Road"

A it replaced the "silk road" on land and became the only foreign trade route at that time.

B.it is the main trade route to Japan and Korea.

C. all the way to the east coast of Africa

D. Accessibility of the Persian Gulf

14. Guangzhou's "business travel" in the Qing Dynasty was

A. the government's foreign trade management agencies

C. government-chartered foreign trade companies D. foreign-established trade institutions

15. in the early days of reform and opening up, the central government decided to set up special economic zones in Shenzhen and Zhuhai, on the basis of which.

A. Close to Hong Kong and Macao B. The level of economic development is in a leading position in China.

C. there are many foreign-funded enterprises. D. the reform of urban economic system has achieved remarkable results.

The evolution of the ancient local official system in China reflects the continuous strengthening of centralization. Answer the question 16- 19.

16. After the Qin Dynasty abolished the enfeoffment system and established the county system,

A. the county magistrate is directly appointed and removed by the emperor. B. nobles may not serve as local administrators.

C. Family power disappeared in some areas. D. grassroots organizations are not established below the county level.

17. The measures taken by Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty to strengthen supervision and control of local bureaucrats are as follows

A. Implement the procuratorial system B. Set up the secretariat C. Cancel the national seal D. Create the imperial history

18. the measures to deprive local financial power in the northern song dynasty are as follows

A. send a civilian to be a magistrate. B. establish a general judgment in each state. C. establish a transshipment ambassador. D. establish deployment ambassadors.

19. The provincial system was first established in 1920.

A. song dynasty b yuan dynasty c Ming dynasty d Qing dynasty

China and Japan are separated only by a strip of water. There have been friendly exchanges, conflicts and wars in history. We should learn from history and live in peace. Answer questions 20-23

20. Who is the monk who went to Japan to spread Tang culture and teaching?

A. Xuanzang B. Yijing C. Jian Zhen D. Faxian

2 1. The following statements about China, Japan and treaty of shimonoseki are correct.

A. all the contents of the land division treaty have been implemented.

B. The signing of the treaty is beneficial to the capital export of the great powers to China.

C the treaty does not provide for the opening of new commercial ports.

D the huge war reparations made Japan control the economic lifeline of China.

22. 1927 the Japanese "oriental conference" adopted the following aggressive policy towards China.

A. Launch a full-scale war of aggression against China. B. Divide China and control Northeast China.

C. Foster pro-Japanese forces within the National Government D. Establish a "Greater East Asia Glory Circle" including China.

23. 1972 the important background of the normalization of diplomatic relations between China and Japan is

People's Republic of China (PRC)'s legitimate rights in the United Nations have been restored.

B. China and the United States have established diplomatic relations.

C. Sino-Soviet relations are improving.

D. the end of the "cultural revolution"

On March 14, 2004, the Second Session of the Tenth National People's Congress passed the amendment to the Constitution, which made the fourth amendment to the current Constitution of our country. Answer questions 24-25

The revised constitution added: "Citizens' legitimate private property is inviolable." In order to meet the needs of public interests, the state can levy or requisition citizens' private property in accordance with the law and give compensation. " This is beneficial to

① the implementation of the principle of democratic centralism ② the development of the non-public economy.

③ Definition and guarantee of civil rights ④ Implementation of the principle of governing the country according to law.

A.①②③ B.①③④ C.①②④ D.②③④

25. The above constitutional amendment further embodies the following spirit.

A. personal interests are subordinate to the interests of the state and the collective B. fully respect and safeguard the legitimate rights of individuals.

C. Individual interests and collective interests are the premise of each other D. Individual interests and collective interests promote each other

In recent years, the telecommunications industry in China has developed vigorously. At present, there are more than 260 million fixed-line and mobile phone users in China. Answer questions 26-30

26. The huge demand of China residents for fixed and mobile phones has led to the vigorous development of the telecommunications industry.

A. the mode of consumption determines the mode of production. B. consumption reacts on production.

C. consumption structure determines production structure D. production level determines consumption level.

With the popularity of mobile phones, some criminals use mobile phones to cheat, causing property losses to consumers, which obviously violates the market economy.

A. Principle of efficiency B. Principle of good faith C. Principle of equality D. Principle of voluntariness

28. SMS facilitates people's communication and is also used by a few people for fraud or harassment. In this regard, the correct understanding is

(1) everything should be treated in two; ② SMS does more harm than good.

③ Evaluating the merits of short messages depends on their mainstream ④ Cancel short messages and develop alternative services.

A.①② B.①③ C.②④ D.③④

29. The development of telecom industry must break the monopoly. Monopoly of telecommunications industry

A, the market price of the telecommunications industry has been reduced; B, the service quality of the telecommunications industry has been improved.

C. Restrict the healthy development of the telecommunications industry D. Expand the market demand of the telecommunications industry.

30. Since the late 1990s, our government has started to implement a series of reforms in the telecommunications industry. These efforts by the government to withdraw from the telecommunications business and break the monopoly of the industry will help the country to perform its economic management functions. These functions include

① Economic adjustment ② Production planning ③ Market supervision ④ Price control

A.①② B.②④ C.①③ D.③④

At the end of 2003, some countries, such as China, successively appeared avian influenza epidemic. Avian influenza has a great impact on agriculture in China, even affecting the daily life of the broad masses of people. The central government attaches great importance to this and has taken a series of measures to control the spread of avian influenza and its negative effects. Answer question 3 1-32

31.02.On February 1 1, 2004, the State Council held a meeting to study and deploy the prevention and control of avian influenza, and approved "Several Policies on Responding to Avian Influenza and Supporting the Development of Poultry Industry". This can be regarded as the State Council.

① Exert the function of economic management ② Exercise the highest administrative power.

(3) performing duties such as social management and public service; (4) exercising the supreme power of the state.

A.①②③ B.②③④ C.①②④ D.①③④

32. With the expansion and deepening of human's transformation of nature, some diseases that were originally spread only among animals threaten human health, which reminds us.

A. While transforming nature, human beings have also changed the objective laws of nature.

B. The utilization and transformation of nature must be based on understanding and protecting nature.

C. Nature affected by human activities has lost its objectivity.

D. the transformation of nature must be at the expense of nature.

In the Song Dynasty, Zhuang Chuo said in the article "Raising Orange Ants": "There is little cultivated land in Guangnan, and there are many kinds of oranges for profit, so they often suffer from insect pests.

The loss is actually. But if there are many ants on the tree, the insects can't live, so the gardener's family buys ants from people. So those who sell ants use pigs and sheep as fertilizer.

Among them, the mouth is placed next to the ant nest, and once mosquitoes enter, they will stay away, which is called raising orange ants. Answer questions 33-34

The fact that ordinary people use ants to control insects illustrates this point.

Production practice is the source of knowledge. Correct knowledge can guide practice.

The scale of production practice is restricted by historical conditions. The knowledge gained in production practice is all truth.

A.①② B.①③ C.②④ D.③④

34. In the above materials, some people catch ants for trading, so that ants have a price, because

A. ants can kill pests. Ants have exchange value.

C. catching ants consumes ordinary human labor. Ants are valuable to farmers who grow citrus.

35. Implementing the reform of the cadre and personnel system and promoting the national civil service system is an important part of China's political system reform. National civil servants refer to public officials of state administrative organs. The so-called "state administrative organs" here refers to

A. Party and government organs

B. Government agencies, enterprises and institutions

C. Organizations at all levels from the central government to village committees and neighborhood committees

D. Administrative departments at or above the township level (including townships)

Volume II

This volume is a ***4 item with a score of * *160.

36.(36 points) The vertical spacing of contour lines in Figure 2 is1000 m.. Read Figure 2 and complete the following requirements:

(1) Briefly describe the outstanding topographical features of the illustrated area. (6 points)

(2) Briefly describe the internal and external forces that form the topographic features of this area. (12)

(3) Briefly describe the hydrological characteristics of M River. (8 points)

(4) How to coordinate the relationship between development and environment when developing and utilizing M River? (8 points)

(5) In the illustrated area, there are,, which are listed in the World Heritage List. (2 points)

37.(32 points) Read the following materials:

Material 1

In the modern history of the world, western countries believe that war is a legitimate right of the country. On this basis, the foundation of international law

Grotius advocated that wars between countries should be bound by law, and put forward rules of engagement and treatment of prisoners of war.

Encounters, the use of weapons and property should not be destroyed unless it is a military necessity. These principles were later generally accepted by western countries.

Material 2

According to the Covenant of the League of Nations, the purpose of the League of Nations is to "promote international cooperation and ensure international peace and security", for which "each contracting party undertakes the obligation not to engage in war".

Answer:

(1) According to the material 1, what is the positive significance of the principle put forward by Grotius? (3 points)

(2) Comparing materials I and II, point out the new changes in attitude towards war reflected in the Covenant of the League of Nations, and analyze the reasons according to the knowledge learned. (8 points)

(3) According to the knowledge learned, summarize the main provisions of the Charter of the United Nations for the Security Council, and analyze the positive effects of these provisions on the Security Council's maintenance of international peace and security. (9 points)

(4) Summarize the general trend of the world political situation after the end of the Cold War and the main factors threatening world peace. (12)

38.(32 points) At the beginning of the new year in 2004, the Opinions of the Central Committee of the State Council on Several Policies for Increasing Farmers' Income (also known as the No.1 Document) was officially published, and solving the "three rural issues" was regarded as an important measure to implement Scientific Outlook on Development.

Material 1

Annual growth rate of farmers' per capita net income

Among them, there are 8 major grain-producing provinces.

Annual per capita disposable income of urban residents.

Annual growth rate of income

1997-2003

4%

2.73%

8%

* 1999 to 2003 data.

Material 2

Annual per capita net income of farmers

Among them: from the agricultural sector.

Annual per capita disposable income of urban residents (b)

A: B.

1997

2090 yuan

1268 yuan

5 160 yuan

1:2.47

In 2003

2622 yuan

1 168 yuan *

8500

1:3.24

* Data for 2002.

(1) Contact "No.1 Document" and analyze what Material 1 and Material 2 explain respectively with common sense of economics. ( 1 1)

(2) Explain the necessity of the publication of "No.1 Document" by the central authorities with the knowledge of national economic functions. (10)

(3) Try to analyze the decision-making basis of Document No.1 focusing on increasing farmers' income with the principle of grasping the principal contradiction. ( 1 1)

39.(60 points) With the development of society, economy and culture, energy has become a topic of general concern.

Material 1:

In the early Qing dynasty, coal had become an important fuel, but the Qing government banned coal mining many times. /kloc-In the middle of the 9th century, Li Hongzhang and Zhang Zhidong, the bureaucrats of the Westernization School, realized the importance of coal to the national economy and people's livelihood, and pointed out: "Everything is fundamental today, except coal ... the coal source was broken, the machine stopped, and everything was abandoned"; Coal, as a "daily necessity, will sell well if it is mined properly. The profit comes from mining, and the rest can be collected and used to raise ships and train soldiers".

1875, the Qing government allowed mechanized coal mining for trial operation. By 19 1 1, the state capital had established 72 coal mines with large capital scale. The output of the famous Kaiping coal mine was more than 36,000 tons in 1882, and increased to more than 778,000 tons in 1899. Products sell well in Tianjin, Shanghai, Fuzhou and other places.

1890, people in China started to build their own power plants, but until 19 1 1, there were only a few power plants in China, and they were only used for lighting. During the rule of Beiyang Government and National Government, China's electric power industry was still relatively backward.

According to the material 1, answer:

(1) summarizes Li Hongzhang's and Zhang Zhidong's understanding of the coal industry. (8 points)

(2) What changes have been made in the Qing government's policies on coal mining since modern times? What's the effect? (8 points)

(3) Summarize the basic situation of the development of China's modern energy industry. (4 points)

Material 2:

In 2002, there were 12 provincial-level administrative regions in China, and in 2003, there were more provincial-level administrative regions in China (the shaded part in Figure 3 indicates the provinces lacking electricity).

(4) Briefly analyze the main reasons of power supply shortage in ① area. (8 points)

(5)②③ The two provinces are the power exporting provinces that send electricity from the west to the east, and the main natural reasons for the power shortage in the two provinces in 2003 are analyzed. (12)

Material 3:

Electric power was once known as the "pioneer" of the national economy. In view of the rapid economic growth and the improvement of people's living standards in recent years

In order to improve the power shortage, the state decided to speed up the development of the power industry. Ensure the healthy development of state-owned power enterprises

At the same time, encourage other economic sectors to invest in the construction of electric power enterprises. Some places have also tried out "time-of-use electricity price" to alleviate the power shortage during peak hours.

(6) According to the common sense of economics, analyze the measures to develop electric power industry in the above materials. (10)

Material 4:

From "too much electricity consumption" a few years ago to the current large-scale power shortage, power supply has become an important factor restricting China's economic development.

The electric power industry has its particularity. First of all, power generation, power supply and electricity consumption can be completed instantly, and electricity can be directly transported without storage. Secondly, it is structural and timeliness, which cannot be simply measured by more or less. In addition, the periodicity of power construction is strong, which requires the power construction planning to be moderately advanced. When there is a power shortage, it is too late to start building power points.

(7) According to the above materials, analyze how to solve the problem of power shortage realistically. (10)

Reference answer

I * * * have 35 small questions, each with 4 points, *** 140 points.

1.B 2。 A 3。 D 4。 A 5。 C 6。 B 7。 B 8。 B 9。 C 10。 A

1 1.B 12。 B 13。 D 14。 C 15。 A 16。 A 17。 B 18。 C 19。 B 20。 C

2 1.B 22。 B 23。 A 24. D 25。 B 26。 B 27。 B 28。 B 29。 C 30。 C

3 1. A handful of 32. B 33。 A handful of 34. C 35。 D

Volume 2 ***4 questions, *** 160 points.

36.(* * * 36 points)

(1) Mountains and rivers alternate with each other, with high mountains and deep valleys.

(2) The internal force is mainly manifested by the intense compression of the Eurasian plate and the Indian Ocean plate and the continuous uplift of the crust. The external force is mainly manifested in the erosion and cutting of running water in subtropical humid climate.

(3) The hydrological characteristics of M River are: abundant water, large drop, many canyons and abundant water energy.

(4) The development and utilization of rivers is mainly manifested in the development and utilization of its hydropower resources and ecological environment resources. The development and utilization of hydropower resources should pay attention to prevent soil erosion and maintain the original ecological balance.

(5) Lijiang (or Lijiang) ancient town with three parallel rivers.

37.(* * * 32 points) Key points of the answer

(1) Restrict the war by law to minimize the damage caused by the war.

(2) by establishing universal international organizations, limiting the country's right to war and maintaining peace; The appearance of the First World War brought unprecedented disasters to mankind and deepened people's understanding of the dangers of war.

(3) The Security Council is the only organization in the United Nations that has the right to take action to maintain international peace and security and implements the principle of "alliance of great powers"; So that the Security Council can take effective action to maintain international peace and security.

(4) After the end of the Cold War, the overall political situation in the world tends to ease, and peace and turmoil coexist; Superpowers intervene in other countries' affairs and regional disputes, and some contradictions hidden in the bipolar pattern erupt, leading to conflicts and wars.

38.(* * * 32 points) Key points of the answer:

(1)① Material 1 shows that in recent seven years, the growth rate of per capita net income of farmers in China is lower than that of disposable income of urban households; Among them, the income growth rate of farmers in grain-producing areas is particularly slow.

The second material shows that the income gap between urban and rural residents has widened in recent seven years, and the income of farmers' agricultural production has decreased instead of increasing, which is one of the important reasons for the slow growth of farmers' income and the widening income gap between urban and rural residents.

(2)① The slow growth of farmers' income and the widening income gap between urban and rural residents pose a severe challenge to China's economic and political development.

The state has the functions of organizing construction, promoting social and economic development, and improving productivity and people's living standards; It is the government's responsibility to increase farmers' income and narrow the gap between urban and rural areas.

Document No.1 of the Central Committee put forward corresponding policies and measures to increase farmers' income, which is conducive to solving the "three rural issues".

(3) materialist dialectics emphasizes that when understanding things and solving contradictions, we should be good at grasping the key points and concentrate on solving the main contradictions. At present, while agriculture and rural development have made gratifying achievements, there are still many contradictions and problems, among which the prominent problem is the difficulty of increasing farmers' income. Solving the problem of increasing farmers' income can not only improve farmers' living standards, but also effectively promote the development of agriculture and other aspects of rural work, which is of great significance to solving the "three rural issues".

39.(* * * 60 points) Key points of the answer:

Energy issues:

(1) The coal mining industry can provide energy for various industries, meet daily needs and raise funds for economic and military development.

(2) From prohibiting mining to allowing machine mining; The development of state-owned coal mining enterprises has met the demand of domestic market to some extent.

(3) The coal mining industry has developed to some extent; The power industry has risen, but it is still relatively backward.

(4) Energy shortage, rapid economic development, and rapidly increasing demand for electricity for production and life.

(5) The hydropower generation accounts for a large proportion in the electricity consumption composition of the two provinces, which are located in the subtropical monsoon climate zone, and the interannual variation of precipitation leads to the instability of hydropower generation, with less precipitation in 2003.

(6) To develop the electric power industry, we should give full play to the role of the state-owned economy and the enthusiasm of various economic sectors. Electricity is also a commodity. In some places, it is an important measure to introduce market mechanism and use price lever to regulate electricity consumption. The electric power industry is the basic industry of the national economy, and the government should constantly improve and strengthen macro-control to ensure that the electric power industry adapts to the sustainable development of the national economy.

(7) To solve the problem of power shortage, we must first proceed from reality and understand the special laws of power production and consumption; To develop electric power industry, we should grasp the special laws of electric power production and consumption, improve foresight and adhere to the principle of moderate advance.