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How to choose a topic for this graduation thesis and set a three-level title is urgent.
There are many reasons for the decline in the quality of Chinese language and literature graduation thesis.
Objectively, the employment situation is tense, and students are busy "looking for their husband's family", which distracts their time and energy; Employers often only pay attention to academic diplomas and foreign language and computer grade certificates, and have no time to take care of the quality of graduation thesis (even signing the contract before completing the thesis), which is misleading to students; However, some omissions in regular teaching and special work of graduation thesis are the subjective reasons for the decline in the quality of graduation thesis of Chinese language and literature major.
Focusing on teaching management, this paper talks about the countermeasures to improve the quality of graduation thesis and topic selection of Chinese language and literature major.
1. Chinese Language and Literature Graduation Thesis-Cultivating Problem Consciousness
Scientific research begins with questions and ends with questions, which is a process from the known world to the unknown world.
Question consciousness is the foothold of scientific research.
Cultivating problem consciousness and implementing it in the specific teaching process can not only be the evaluation of academic hotspots, but also the guidance of forward-looking problems, the elucidation of marginal and cross-cutting problems, and the notification of unpopular problems and blind spots ... It is the result of the joint efforts of multi-disciplinary teaching.
Teachers should insist on "promoting teaching by teaching", that is, in the process of imparting knowledge to students, they should also impart learning methods.
Of course, this also puts higher demands on teachers.
2. Chinese language and literature graduation thesis-encourage independent topic selection.
Generally speaking, there are three types of topics for graduation thesis of Chinese language and literature major: students' independent topics, teachers' and students' discussion topics and teachers' propositions.
They have their own advantages and disadvantages, but in comparison, students should be encouraged and encouraged to choose their own topics.
This is because topic selection is a creative work, and independent topic selection can give full play to students' main role.
As mentioned above, the topic is mining.
Before selecting a topic, the collection of relevant academic information is a reliable technical means to ensure "scientific decision-making", just like the exploration before mining.
Emphasize independent topic selection, which should be based on mastering the necessary academic information.
This necessary academic information includes: What research have predecessors done on this subject? What is the research level? What kind of research results are there? What problems have been solved? What problems have not been solved? What are the main issues and focuses of the debate? Where is the crux of the contradiction? What are the representative views? Who is the representative? Wait a minute.
If the topic is the object of observation, it always has an academic background.
Just like we look at an apple, the apple tree is its background; Observe an apple tree with a fruit forest as its background; Look at the fruit forest, the vast mountains are its background.
Lao She said that if you want to write an island, you must know the whole picture of the sea. Painting, also talk about looking for Qifeng to draft.
Ancient Chinese characters pay great attention to "fishing with scorpions", and there are also sayings of "dancing with long sleeves" and "being rich and being kind".
Being good at dancing with long sleeves is the condition of being good at dancing, and being rich is the condition of being good at dancing.
Only by mastering the necessary academic information and observing the research object on the axis of horizontal reality and vertical history will you feel that you have something to say.
Squeeze your head to finish the teacher's proposition composition, and you will inevitably fall into an embarrassing situation with nothing to say.
Strictly speaking, not being able to choose a topic independently is a sign of not being good at learning.
Independent topic selection and teacher's proposition are like the relationship between "writing for love" and "writing for love"
If you have to rely on the teacher's proposition, it is the most practical method to consult relevant documents (directories, indexes, abstracts, etc.). ) from near to far, upstream.
The methods of consulting materials can be divided into sequential inquiry and reverse inquiry, which should be adopted as an urgent chapter of proposition composition; The tea method is to sit on the bench for ten years.
In addition, academic journals should be published before academic works.
Independent topic selection should be based on specialty and specialty, concise direction and continuous sublimation; It is necessary to grasp the relevance of course papers, academic papers and graduation papers in content, cultivate them carefully and develop them continuously; We should also make full use of opportunities to participate in activities such as reading reports and "Challenge Cup" and be good at accumulating and improving through exercise.
3. Chinese Language and Literature Graduation Thesis-Strengthening the Guidance Link
College students do not have the ability to conduct scientific research independently, so the guidance of teachers is essential.
It is necessary not only to clarify the most basic academic norms through unified teaching, but also to grasp the steps and decompose them through dynamic supervision.
It is no exaggeration to say that there are many links in graduation thesis writing, many content elements and many corresponding problems.
Such as title, title, abstract, keywords, introduction, this paper, conclusion, notes, references, etc. , are likely to make mistakes of one kind or another. As for the profoundness of views, the typicality of materials, the thoroughness of arguments, the innovation of papers, the academic value of papers and other macro issues, it is even more necessary to guide teachers to comprehensively monitor and help check.
Taking Chinese language and literature papers as an example, in the face of "irresistible love-paying attention to mobile phone short messages", "how much love can be repeated-gains and losses of classic film and television adaptation", "zero distance between social news and people's livelihood news", "the foot of news planning" and topics mixed with rambling, distracting feelings and distracting thoughts, if the tutor just points out this sensibility and randomness.
Of course, the graduation thesis of Chinese language and literature major deviates from the professional direction, lacks academic value, deviates from subjective reality and ignores long-term development, which should be corrected in time.
Paper format and font size requirements
Introduction (the first-level title of the introduction is bold little four)
Introduction, also known as preface, belongs to the introduction part of the whole paper.
Its writing contents include: reasons, purposes, background, previous work and knowledge gap, theoretical basis and experimental basis, expected results and its position, role and significance in related fields.
The text of the introduction should not be lengthy, the content selection should not be too scattered and trivial, and the wording should be refined to attract readers to read on.
There is no rigid and uniform regulation on the length of introduction, but it needs to be determined according to the size of the whole paper and the needs of the content of the paper. It can be as long as 700~800 words or 1000 words, or as short as 1000 words.
1, title (title, first-level title, title is bold little four)
Titles are also called titles or titles.
A title is a logical combination that reflects the most important specific content in a short passage with the most appropriate and concise words.
The title of a paper is the first important information related to the scope and level of the paper. At the same time, it is necessary to compile secondary documents such as titles and indexes, taking into account the specific practical information that can help select keywords and provide retrieval.
1. 1 main title (quot secondary title-No.5)
The main title of the paper is very important, so it must be carefully selected.
Some people use the following sentence to describe its importance: "The title of the paper is half of the article".
The requirements for the title of the paper are: accurate and appropriate, short and pithy; Both extension and connotation are appropriate and eye-catching.
The requirements of these two aspects are as follows.
1. 1.65438+
The title of the paper requires accurate expression of the content of the paper and appropriate reflection of the scope and depth of the research.
Common faults are: too general, the topic is not deducted.
For example, "the application of inequality" is too general. If it is changed to a specific research object, it will be put forward.
The effect will be much better, such as "the application of Bessel inequality", and the title of this topic will be much more appropriate.
Another example is "the application of the mean value theorem in proving a class of inequalities". Which is the mean value theorem? Somehow, what kind of inequality? I don't know what to ask. This is called an ambiguous topic. The solution is to clearly show the content of the paper from the reader's point of view.
If the above topic refers to the differential mean value theorem, then what kind of inequality can be explained in the text, not written in the topic, and the topic only needs to reflect the use of the differential mean value theorem.
The reference modification scheme is "skillfully using the differential mean value theorem".
The key problem is that the topic should be closely related to the content of the paper, or that the content of the paper should be closely related to the topic, that is, the topic should be deducted and the article should be deducted.
This is the basic principle of writing a thesis.
Try to use fewer words in the topic and choose words carefully.
As for how many words are qualified, there is no uniform hard and fast rule. It is generally hoped that the title of the paper will not exceed 20 words. However, we should not blindly pursue fewer words and affect the proper embodiment of the topic in content. When there is a contradiction between the two, it is best to use more words and express them as clearly as possible.
1. 1.2 has proper extension and connotation, which is eye-catching (the third-level title is Song Ti No.5).
"Extension" and "connotation" belong to the concepts in formal logic.
The so-called extension refers to every object reflected by a concept; The so-called connotation refers to the reflection of the unique attributes of each conceptual object.
If we don't consider the logical application of extension and connotation when putting forward a proposition, there may be fallacies, at least it is inappropriate.
For example, there is a logical error in the topic "Rational Combination Design of Rural People, Livestock and Machinery".
The extension of people in the topic may be young adults or infants, young children or the elderly, because the latter is also the main title of "people", but it is obviously not within the scope of the proposition, so the extension of "people" is improper.
Similarly, "livestock" can refer to cattle, sheep and pigs. Where have you seen sheep and pigs plowing and grinding flour? So it is also a mistake of improper extension.
If "labor force" and "animal power" are used, they will not be misunderstood as objects with no labor ability and no service ability respectively.
Although the title of the paper is in the first eye-catching position, there is still the problem of whether the title is eye-catching, because whether the words used in the title are eye-catching or not is far from the effect.
1.2 subtitle (the second-level subtitle is subtitle No.5)
If the short title is not enough to show the content of the paper or reflect the nature of a series of research, it can be solved by positive and negative titles, and the specific experimental materials, methods and contents can be supplemented by adding negative titles, so that the titles can be enriched and accurate, rather than generalized.
Like what? Characteristics of a Class of Geometric Curves —— (Subtitle) Using mathematical software to simulate the slip characteristics of geometric curves.
2, abstract (abstract level title bold small four)
Papers usually have abstracts, some for international communication, and foreign language (mostly English) abstracts.
It is a brief statement of the content of the paper, without comments or comments.
Other uses are to obtain necessary information without reading the full text of the paper.
It should include the following contents: ① the purpose and significance of this study; (2) the main content of the study, which shows what has been done; (3) The basic conclusions and research results highlight the originality of the paper; ④ The significance of the conclusion or result.
Although the abstract of the paper should reflect the above contents, the text must be very concise, the content should be fully summarized, and the length is generally limited to less than 5% of the words in the paper.
For example, a 6000-word paper usually has an abstract of no more than 300 words.
No examples, no discussion about the research process, no use of charts, no exaggeration, no self-evaluation.
The common problems in writing the abstract of a paper are as follows: 1. Plagiarizing the subtitle (table of contents) or the text of the conclusion part of the paper; Second, the content is not centralized and the text is too long.
3, keywords (key title small four bold)
Keywords belong to a category of subject words.
Subject words include not only keywords, but also narrative words of unit words and title words.
Keyword is a new vocabulary of information retrieval language, which is used to describe the theme of literature and give information retrieval. It is precisely because of its appearance and development that it is possible to computerize information retrieval (computer retrieval).
Keywords refer to words or phrases that distinguish things by the characteristic relationship of concepts, express in natural language, have collocation function and accurately express the dynamic semantic conceptual relationship between words.
For example, one of the key words "calculus application".
It has the characteristics of concept, which shows that it is nothing more than the application of calculus, using natural language vocabulary.
Keywords are keywords that mark the subject content of document construction, but have not been standardized.
For example, "maximum value" (the subject word of its specification can be "maximum value").
Keywords are words or terms selected from papers for document indexing to express the main contents and information items of the full text.
A paper can choose 3~8 words as keywords.
The general selection method of keywords or subject words is: after the author finishes writing the paper, read the full text and first think of information or vocabulary that can express the main content of the paper. These residences or words can be found and selected from the title of the paper and the content of the paper.
For example, in the last example, six keywords were selected, of which the first three were selected from the topic of the paper and the last three were selected from the content of the paper.
The selection of the last three keywords supplements the main content information that the title of the paper fails to express, and also improves the conceptual depth involved.
The use of keywords and subject words is mainly to meet the needs of computer retrieval and international computer online retrieval.
Adding "keywords" to publications has opened up a new way to improve the citation rate and increase the popularity of publications.
4, the text format (text level title bold small four)
The width of the paper is 18cm and the height is 23cm.
The page can be set to a4, that is, 2 1cm×29.7cm, 2.8cm above the margin, 3.9cm below, 1.8cm on the left and 1.2cm on the right.
Typesetting adopts double columns.
The text is the theory of a paper, which belongs to the main body of the paper and occupies the largest length of the paper.
The creative achievements or new research achievements embodied in this paper will be fully reflected in this part.
Therefore, this part requires substantial content, sufficient and reliable arguments, strong arguments and clear themes.
In order to meet this series of requirements, but also to achieve the purpose of clear hierarchy and clear context, the text is often divided into several large paragraphs.
These paragraphs are called logical segments, and a logical segment can contain several natural segments.
Each logical paragraph can have an appropriate title (subtitle or subtitle).
Paragraphs and division should depend on the nature and content of the paper.
The common classification methods are as follows: ① Problem posing/problem analysis.
② Comparative analysis of solutions/main result theorems/results.
According to the needs of the content of the paper, other paragraph division schemes can be flexibly adopted, but generally speaking, it should include the content of the problem part and the theoretical analysis part.
"Demonstration of main results" is the core part of this paper.
Someone once said: "A paper without argumentation results will be dirty", which is no exaggeration. The novelty of the paper is mainly reflected here.
If the topic is results and discussion, the discussion (or analysis) part is more difficult to determine what to write than other parts, and it is usually the most difficult part to write.
A well-written exposition (or analysis) has the following main characteristics: ① Try to put forward the principles, interrelationships and inductive explanations proved in the section of results, but only discuss the results and should not be repeated.
(2) Be able to point out that your results and explanations are consistent or inconsistent with previously published works.
(3) Discuss the theoretical significance of your research work and the possibility of practical application.
(4) be able to point out any exceptions or problems in the relationship, and clearly put forward the unresolved problems and the direction of solution.
Because of the great differences in the topics and contents of academic papers, the methods of segmentation and writing cannot be rigidly and uniformly stipulated, but must be realistic, objective, direct, accurate and complete, logical, clear and concise.
5. Description of references (the first-level title of references is bold small four)
References (tables) should generally be listed after academic papers for three purposes, namely: ① to reflect the real scientific basis; (2) In order to reflect a serious scientific attitude, distinguish one's own views or achievements from those of others; (3) In order to show respect for the scientific achievements of predecessors, the source of the cited materials should also be indicated for easy retrieval.
In the process of writing academic papers, many documents may be cited. Do you need to list them all? The answer is no.
In fact, you only need to list the most important and critical documents cited.
The above are the paper writing skills I found in the school paper search. I hope I can help you.
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