What's the story of Confucius?

Confucius was named Qiu () from September 28th, 55 1 year to April 28th, 479. He was a Luhan in the late Spring and Autumn Period. China was a great thinker, politician and educator in ancient times, the founder of Confucianism and a world cultural celebrity. Confucius' thoughts on words and deeds are mainly contained in Prose Collection, Analects of Confucius and Four Books.

Confucius was born in Changping Township, Zou (now near Nishan in the southeast of Qufu City, Shandong Province). There is a "Hannah Quinlivan Cave" at the foot of this mountain, which is said to be the birthplace of Confucius. Born because parents prayed in Nishan, it was named Qiu. ("Confucius Family Language: Explanation of Real Names")

Born in Changping Township (now Luyuan Village, southeast of Qufu City, Shandong Province) on September 28th, 55 BC1year (August 27th in the summer calendar); He died on April 1 1 day (February 11th of the lunar calendar) in 479 BC at the age of 72 and was buried in Surabaya, north of Qufu, Kong Lin.

Confucius is the five elements of fitness and two instruments. The rest of the saints are bright and decisive when gold makes a fortune, simple and straightforward when wood makes a fortune, vigorous and swift when angry, clear and harmonious when water makes a fortune, calm and vigorous when rustic, bright and clear when Yang makes a fortune, and silent and implicit when Yin makes a fortune. Temperament is limited, although extreme, but it is always biased. These seven children, * * * things are inconsistent, * * * words are inconsistent, and the same people are right and wrong.

What if Kong Yan's family is poor and doesn't harm the world? Benevolence covers the world with me, and benevolence covers the world with one day.

According to legend, Confucius is known as Confucius, Confucius and Bodhisattva. Or: "My master is the ancestor of Sven for generations, but he is a child. The child is still young. Young people are small. He is a young teacher, why should he blame Confucianism for developing Buddhism? Monks are also called monks. Master Qiu is also taboo. Compare it, and ... Monks, disciples of Buddha, and master. He is a disciple of my teacher, so why blame Confucianism for developing Buddhism? " That's not true. Children, pure and true. Manjusri is seven buddha's teacher, and Manjusri is a boy. Fubao is the ultimate bodhi in life, and it is called Fubao Boy. Even the forty-two sages and those who have "childlike innocence" all sigh with great virtue and are not small. Therefore, people who say they are adults do not lose their childlike innocence. If it's a monk, Sanskrit will do. Sanskrit monk, this cloud begging, also cloud breaking evil, also cloud evil. Comparison is not comparison, and hills are not hills. Gai only takes sounds, not words. If Sanskrit is absent in the south, this cloud belongs to fate. The south does not take the south of the north and the south, but takes nothing and nothing. Hey! If teachers and students are in the state of Zhu, they will promote Buddhism to all beings; In order for Sakyamuni to appear in Lubang, it is necessary to clarify the teachings of Confucianism and Taoism. It's all the same anywhere else. What a Great Sage does, he has no idea. For a Confucian, you can't destroy Buddhism, but for a Buddhist, you can destroy Confucianism.

When Confucius was young, he was a senior official of Lu, and he was very good at governing the country. Corrupt officials fled to other countries, and the leaders of other countries became very afraid of Lu.

However, most of his life was spent on education. According to legend, he received as many as 3,000 disciples, including 72 sages, and taught many knowledgeable and talented students, from which "peaches and plums are all over the world" came. Confucius was appointed as the head of state of Lu; Later, he took his disciples around the world; Finally, I returned to Shandong and concentrated on teaching. In the 5,000-year history of China, Confucius was the person who had the greatest influence on the character and temperament of the Chinese nation. When he was alive, he was known as "the sage of the heavens", "the muduo of the heavens" and "the sage of the ages". He was one of the most learned scholars in the society at that time, and was respected by later generations as the most holy (saint among saints) and the teacher of all ages. Qiu's name comes from his parents praying for the birth of a child on Niqiu Mountain. He wrote poems and books, ordered music, prefaced Zhouyi and wrote Chunqiu (it is said that Chunqiu was written by an anonymous person and revised by Confucius).

Confucius' thoughts and theories have far-reaching influence on later generations. Jiang Guanghui thought, "In the face of the fact that feudal lords fought endlessly and people were miserable in the Spring and Autumn Period, Confucius did not create an external, transcendental and all-knowing savior like religious scholars-regulating people's thoughts and behaviors through the apocalypse and Oracle. But looking back at history and looking for wisdom from the ancient "holy king". Confucius claimed to be "narrating without doing", in fact, taking "narrating" as "doing", and realized the superposition and transformation of values through the contemporary interpretation of historical traditions. He is upright, optimistic and enterprising, pursuing truth, goodness and beauty all his life and pursuing an ideal society all his life. His success and failure are related to his personality. His character has influenced China people for thousands of years, especially the intellectuals in China.

Editing this political career

Confucius wanted to do something since he was in his twenties, so he was very concerned about world affairs, often thinking about various issues of governing the country and often expressing some opinions. By the time he was 30, he was already famous. In the twenty years of Lu, he visited Lu and summoned Confucius to discuss the question of being king with him, and Confucius got to know him. In the twenty-fifth year of Lu, civil strife occurred in Lu, and Lu was forced to flee to Qi. Confucius also left Lu for Qi, where he was appreciated and entertained by Qi Jinggong. He even prepared to seal the fields around Nishi to Confucius, but the doctor Yan Ying stopped him. In the twenty-seventh year of Lu, at that time, the doctor of Qi wanted to harm Confucius. When Confucius heard this, he turned to Qi Jinggong for help. Qi Jinggong said, "I am old and can still use it." Confucius had to flee to Lu. At that time, the state of Lu was actually in the hands of the doctor's retainer, which was called "ruling the country with the minister." Therefore, although Confucius had two opportunities to enter politics, he gave them up until he was appointed as the capital master in 9 years. At this time, Confucius was 5 1 year old. Confucius was in charge of Zhongdu for one year, and his achievements were outstanding. He was promoted to a small ordinary, and soon he was promoted to a big sheep herder, taking photos to take care of Lu. 12 years, in order to weaken the Third Ring Road (the third-generation leader and uncle Heshi were called the Third Ring Road because they were three grandchildren), the state power of Lu at that time was actually in their hands, and some retainers of the Third Ring Road also controlled the Third Ring Road to varying degrees), and Confucius took measures to reduce the Third Ring Road (that is, demolishing the castle built by the Third Ring Road). Later, the action of capturing the three capitals was abandoned halfway, and the contradiction between Confucius and the Third Ring Road was also exposed. 13 years, Lu Dinggong, Qi sent 80 beautiful women to Lu, and Ji Huan's family accepted female music. The monarch and his subjects were addicted to singing and dancing and ignored state affairs for many days. Confucius was very disappointed. Soon, when Lu offered meat to the doctors after the sacrifice in the suburbs, he didn't give it to Confucius as usual, indicating that Ji didn't want to hire him any more. Confucius had to leave Shandong to find a way out and began to travel around the world.

Confucius took his disciple Confucius' tomb to Weiguo first, and Wei Linggong began to respect Confucius very much. According to Lu's salary standard, he was given a salary of 60 thousand, but he was not given an official position and was not allowed to participate in politics. Confucius lived in Weiguo for about 10 months. Because someone slandered Wei Linggong, Wei Linggong became suspicious of Confucius, and sent someone to publicly monitor Confucius' actions. So Confucius left Weiguo with his disciples and planned to go to Chen. When passing through Kuangcheng, I was besieged for five days because of misunderstanding. I fled Kuangcheng, came to Dipu, met my uncle, a patriotic aristocrat who launched a rebellion, and was besieged again. After escaping, Confucius returned to China to defend his country. Wei Linggong was very happy to hear that Confucius and his disciples had returned from Dipu, and went to meet him in person. Since then, Confucius has gone abroad several times and returned to China several times. On the one hand, Wei Linggong had both good and bad feelings towards Confucius; On the other hand, after Confucius went abroad, he had nowhere to go and had to return.

In the second year (Confucius was 59 years old), Confucius left Wei, passed through Cao, Song and Zheng, and went to Chen, where he lived for three years. When Wu attacked Chen, the war broke out and Confucius left with his disciples. When the Chu people heard that Confucius had arrived at the junction of Chen and Cai, they sent someone to meet him. The doctors of Chen and Cai knew that there was something wrong with what Confucius did, and they were afraid that Confucius would be reused in Chu, which was not good for them. So they sent laborers to surround Confucius and his disciples in the middle of the road, not relying on the village in front or the shops behind. After eating all the food they brought, they were deprived of food for seven days. Finally, Zigong found the Chu people, and Chu sent troops to meet Confucius, so that Confucius and his disciples were saved from death. Confucius returned to Weiguo at the age of 64. With the efforts of his disciple Ran Qiu, he was welcomed back to Lu at the age of 68, but he was still respectful. Lu Aigong 16, Confucius was 73 years old and died of illness.

Edit this passage of Confucius' text

Angry and forgetful, happy and forgetful.

When Confucius was 63 years old, he once described himself like this: "You forget to eat when you are angry, but forget your worries when you are happy. I don't know that my old age is coming. " At that time, Confucius had led his disciples around the world for nine years and had gone through all the hardships. Not only did he not get the appointment of the governor, but he almost died. But Confucius was not discouraged, still optimistic, stuck to his ideals, and even knew that he could not do it. Confucius said, "Being unjust and rich is like a cloud to me". In Confucius' mind, upholding justice is the highest value of life. When there is a contradiction between rich and poor and morality, he would rather be poor than give up morality. But we can't regard his peace and happiness as not seeking wealth, but seeking to maintain Tao, which is not in line with historical facts. Confucius once said: "Rich and expensive, people want what they want; You can't go anywhere unless you take the main road. Poverty and meanness are disgusting to people; If you don't take the main road, you won't go. " "Money is available, although there are many whips, I can do it. If you can't get it, just do as I say. "

Never tire of learning and never tire of teaching.

Confucius was famous for his eagerness to learn and showed great interest in all kinds of knowledge, so he was versatile and knowledgeable. He was very famous at that time, and was almost regarded as an omniscient saint, but Confucius himself didn't think so. Confucius said, "A saint cannot learn, but never tires of teaching." Confucius learned that there was no teacher. Whoever has knowledge and who doesn't understand will worship him as a teacher. So he said, "A threesome must have a teacher." Confucius, who was upright in nature and advocated going straight, once said, "Who will ruin my reputation for others?" If you are famous, you have to try. Simin also, the reason why the three generations went straight. "Historical Records records that Confucius asked Lao Tzu to be polite when he was in his thirties. When he left, Laozi gave a message: "Smart and thorough, close to death, considerate. Those who argue the broad masses are in danger, and those who are evil are also. A son should not have his own, and a minister should not have his own. "This is Lao Tzu's kind reminder to Confucius, and it also points out some shortcomings of Confucius, that is, he looks at the problem too deeply and speaks too sharply, hurting some people with positions and bringing great danger to himself. Confucius founded the moral theory with benevolence as the core. He is also a very kind person, compassionate, helpful and sincere. " Don't do to others what you don't want them to do to you; a gentleman's adult beauty is not an adult's evil; and he'll do his best until he dies.

Edit this passage of Confucius' thought

The essence of Confucius' thoughts and theories can be found in The Analects of Confucius, with 20 articles and more than 11,000 words. The Analects of Confucius is a quotation of Confucius, some of which are records of Confucius' disciples' words and deeds, and they are memorials of Confucius' disciples and their descendants. This book has a profound influence on the history of China. Its ideological content, mode of thinking and value orientation have long been integrated into the blood of our nation, precipitated in our lives and cast our national character. The Analects of Confucius embodies the core connotation of Confucianism-benevolence. "Benevolence" is the center of all theories, and all norms about "benevolence" and "happiness" are only the ultimate means to serve the morality of "benevolence". As a representative of China culture, The Analects of Confucius was introduced to Korea and Japan as early as the Qin and Han Dynasties, and was also designated as a compulsory course for Japanese students in Japan. Matteo Ricci translated it into Latin in 1594, and then it was translated into Italian, French, German, English, Russian and other languages, which were widely circulated in western countries.

Confucius takes "benevolence" as the core of his thought, which means "love". Put forward the arguments of "don't do to others what you don't want others to do to you" and "don't do to others what you don't want others to do to you", advocate the principle of "loyalty and forgiveness", and think that the implementation of "benevolent policy" should be based on "courtesy": "self-denial, courtesy is benevolence" They are skeptical about the religious superstition of ghosts and gods since the Yin and Zhou Dynasties, and think that "I don't know my life, I can't be a ghost" Advocate the atmosphere of teaching in private schools, advocate teaching students in accordance with their aptitude, "teach without distinction", "never tire of learning, never tire of teaching", and emphasize that "a gentleman learns to love others, while a villain learns to learn easily". Politically, he put forward the idea of "correcting the name", thinking that "Jun Jun, minister, father and son" should be worthy of the name, and put forward the view of "not suffering from poverty, suffering from inequality". Since the Western Han Dynasty, Confucius' theory has become the cultural orthodoxy of feudal society for more than two thousand years, with far-reaching influence.

When it comes to governing the country, Confucius attaches importance to the sufferings of people's livelihood, calls for benevolent governance, and hopes that rulers will treat people with benevolence and righteousness. He said that "tyranny is fiercer than tigers", and he also stressed that no matter what laws and regulations, rulers must first set an example. "They are upright and have no orders to do things; Its body is not right, although it cannot be done. " In interpersonal communication, Confucius emphasized loyalty and forgiveness.

"Loyalty" means being loyal to others and working hard; "Forgiveness" means putting yourself in others' shoes, "don't do to others what you don't want others to do to you", and "the beauty of a gentleman is not the evil of an adult". In dealing with people and things, Confucius advocated self-love and love. Confucius was cautious about fate, and he believed in man's own strength. He believes that "sex is similar, learning from each other is far away", and everything depends on personal efforts. Of course, there are also some thoughts in The Analects that deviate from the historical trend, such as his political retro tendency, over-emphasis on hierarchical order, introverted personality value orientation, etc., which have undeniably brought negative effects on the development of China society and need us to correct them with modern consciousness. However, we can't hide our shortcomings. In the pre-Qin era when human civilization was just dawning, our ancestors had such profound wisdom in life that our descendants could be proud of it.

The new development of Confucius' thought in modern times refers to the neo-Confucianism that came into being under the condition of the collision and blending of Chinese and western civilizations after the modern western civilization was imported into China. The emerging "popular Confucianism" is another achievement of the development of contemporary neo-Confucianism.

Four books

Attached:

"Knowledge" —— The Essence of Confucius' Thought

Confucius is not only a great thinker, but also a great educator. In his long-term educational practice, he summed up many meaningful and enlightening educational ideas and methods of acquiring knowledge. In such an era of great social change at the end of the Spring and Autumn Period, the conservative slave owners and nobles could not cope with the changes in real life, and it was impossible to cultivate talents that met the requirements of social development. However, as far as the development of the whole society is concerned, we need a group of talents to solve various complex problems in the real society. Confucius adapted to the needs of the society at that time, gave people knowledge through education, and became the earliest educator in the history of China.

Confucius put forward "education without class". Although there are various explanations for this sentence, there should be no doubt that it involves expanding the scope of education so that the educated people are not limited to slave owners and nobles. Confucius himself practiced his idea of "teaching without dividing", so he said, "As long as I have ten pieces of dried meat for tuition, I will never stop teaching." (The Analects of Confucius) His practice played a great role in the talent problem that needed to be solved urgently at that time. Of course, Confucius' "teaching without class" is not aimed at all classes, let alone training talents who can serve the whole people, but training more talents who can meet the requirements of social development and serve the ruling class. Nevertheless, Confucius' educational activities ended the "official learning" monopolized by nobles in the past and began the private teaching of knowledge. The so-called "learning from Shu Ren" began with Confucius. From this point of view, it was beneficial to the social development at that time anyway.

Moreover, through his long-term educational practice, Confucius summed up many experiences that conform to people's cognitive laws. However, Confucius' thought in this respect is not a problem of epistemology itself, but mainly a generalization and summary of educational methods and knowledge-seeking methods.

First of all, Confucius emphasized that human knowledge comes from learning. Although he also said that "being learned" and "being wise is stupid", it shows that Confucius is still bound by traditional ideas. But it can be seen from his specific educational activities that he does not attach great importance to this point. His so-called "similar in sex, far from each other" is his own proposition, which is obviously inconsistent with the view of "born knowing" Confucius never thought he was "wise", and he never said who was "wise". He even thought that Yao Shun would make mistakes. About himself, he said, "I was not born knowing that I am old and eager to seek." He is very studious. His own evaluation of himself is: "In a city with ten rooms, there must be loyal ministers like hills, so it is better to learn like hills." ("The Analects of Confucius Gongye Chang") He praised Yan Hui's eagerness to learn, saying: "Those who have Yan Hui are eager to learn, but unfortunately they died short-lived and will die today." (Advanced Analects of Confucius) Zi Gong asked: "Why is Confucius called Ye Wen?" Confucius said, "I am quick and eager to learn, and I am not ashamed to ask questions. I am based on my words." (The Analects of Confucius, Gongye Chang) It can be seen that Confucius attached great importance to learning, believing that people's knowledge comes from learning, and people's moral character can only be acquired through learning. Therefore, his so-called "original knowledge" has almost become empty talk. In fact, he has not paid attention to it.

Generally speaking, there are two aspects of knowledge advocated by Confucius: one is the knowledge gained by studying ancient documents and laws and regulations, which can be said to be historical knowledge. In the Analects of Confucius, Confucius learned a lot from past historical documents and laws and regulations. He himself said that he was "a man of words but not deeds, but a man of letters". Except for a few sections, most of the articles in The Analects of Confucius and Rural Party are mainly based on the ancient system, which is what Confucius learned. Judging from the contents taught by Confucius, most of them are ancient documents, laws and regulations, etc. "Confucius' education for students has four contents: documents of past dynasties, rules of life behavior, loyalty to the world and trust in friends." (The Analects of Confucius) The "documents of past dynasties" mentioned here are poems, books, rituals, music and so on. Second, the knowledge gained from real life can be said to be real knowledge. But Confucius paid more attention to observation than practice, especially his contempt for production practice. In the Analects of Confucius, there are many records of Confucius' opinions that we should pay attention to learning in our lives. For example, he said that "a threesome must learn from my teacher, choose the good and follow it, change the evil and follow it" (The Analects of Confucius), "I am not ashamed to ask questions" and so on. However, it is very wrong for Confucius to despise production practice. Once, his student Fan Chi asked him to grow crops and vegetables. Not only did he say that he was inferior to the old farmers and vegetable farmers, but he also scolded Fan Chi: "Fan Chi is really a villain! Being a ruler pays attention to etiquette, and the people dare not fear it; Being a ruler attaches great importance to righteousness, so the people dare not disobey; Being a ruler pays attention to faith, so ordinary people dare not hide the truth. If this is done, people from all directions will carry their children to the enemy, so there is no need to grow their own crops! " Confucius said this to show that he was an exploiting class thinker who never worked and despised it.

Secondly, Confucius summed up some laws of learning and obtained some general laws of understanding things, which he used as his method to guide students' learning.

He pointed out that repeated learning can make people know more deeply and gain new knowledge. He said: "Review the past and learn the new" (The Analects of Confucius is the government), "Learn from the times" (The Analects of Confucius is the study) and so on, which is what he meant. Although Confucius didn't explicitly talk about the law of the development of things by analyzing the past experience, he already knew that he could learn from the past knowledge, which was helpful to understand the current things. Confucius often asked others for advice, learned knowledge from others, and then used it to teach others. He said, "Do I have a lot of knowledge? I didn't. An ordinary person asked me that I knew nothing about his problem. But after I questioned him from both sides of his question, I got a lot of inspiration and tried to tell him. " ("The Analects of Confucius Zi Han")

Confucius also summed up the relationship between "learning" and "thinking" from educational practice. Although the relationship between "learning" and "thinking" he said is not equal to the relationship between perceptual knowledge and rational knowledge, it is also the relationship between how other people's experience becomes their own knowledge through thinking. "Learning" means learning from other people's experience and real life. "Thinking" is to digest other people's experience and what you have learned from real life through thinking and make it your own knowledge. Therefore, he said: "Learning without thinking is useless, thinking without learning is dangerous" ("The Analects of Confucius is politics"), only pre-school people learn without thinking is useless, and they can only stay in the maze and don't know right and wrong; Just thinking out of thin air without learning and using the knowledge and experience of predecessors will accomplish nothing. It seems that although Confucius also attaches importance to "thinking", he attaches more importance to "learning". He thinks that "learning" is the basis of "thinking", so he said: "I try not to eat all day and think all night; It's useless, it's better to learn. " (The Analects of Confucius Wei Linggong) Generally speaking, in the history of human cognition, learning (direct experience and indirect experience) is always emphasized first, and then thinking (summing up experience and finding the law) is gradually noticed. Through personal educational practice, Confucius began to realize the relationship between the two, began to attach importance to learning, and reached the cognitive stage of thinking.

Confucius

Confucius believed that knowledge should be as rich as possible, and he himself was a man of great learning. But Confucius believes that profound knowledge must have a central idea, which is what he calls "consistency." The discovery of "one", that is, the central idea, or the essence, can penetrate a lot of seemingly incoherent knowledge. Of course, according to Confucius' whole thought, the essence of this all-pervasive "one" thought is what he called "benevolence" He said: "People are unkind, such as courtesy; People are heartless, so what are you happy about? " ("The Analects of Confucius Eight Shu") also said: "A gentleman who has no final food will violate benevolence. If he expects something, he will be defeated "("The Analects of Confucius "); "Different people have different opinions, and the wise have different opinions". According to Confucius, on the one hand, everything should be treated with "benevolence", but on the other hand, it also means that everyone should make demands on himself, treat himself as a "person" and do his best where he should stand. Therefore, what he calls "benevolence" contains the viewpoint of attaching importance to the role of people from the relationship between class and individual, which runs through not only his educational thought, but also his life.

The educational contribution of editing this paragraph

Since the year of Confucius' establishment, he has been teaching poetry, calligraphy, etiquette and music, and he has been teaching every word and deed in his great personality. It was he who initiated private lectures in the history of our country and transplanted the phenomenon that cultural knowledge was the patent of nobles to the people. He first put forward the policy of "no class for all", and everyone, whether poor, humble or rich, can be educated there. Disciples are as poor as Yan Hui, as rich as Zigong and as expensive as Meng. However, most of them are children of ordinary people, and some of them have come to defend their country, such as Qi, Chen and Wu, which are really full of peaches and plums. Its teaching purpose is to spread his humanitarian theory. That is, self-denial and courtesy are benevolence, changing students' temperament, achieving personality, improving the realm of life, and finally achieving things. In other words, it is necessary to build a pillar of a country and the world. Teaching students in accordance with their aptitude and heuristic methods should be adopted to cultivate students' styles of "learning without tiredness", "learning without thinking", "thinking without learning is useless", "knowing what they know, not knowing what they don't know", "three people must learn from each other" and "not ashamed to ask questions". What's more, he is a tireless teacher, caring for students like a loving mother, guiding students like strict father, and learning from each other like friends, all of which are due to his talent. Such as Zi Xiao's stupidity, Lu Zeng's participation, Zhang Zi's extreme, and Lutz's vulgarity ... all became great events. Ceng Zi, in particular, was given the responsibility of preaching and became a saint. There are even outstanding people who divide Germany: Yan Hui, Min Zikai, Ran Boniu and Zhong Gong. Language: Kill me, Zigong. Politics: Ran Qiu, Luz. Literature: Ziyou, Xia Zi, ten people. Confucius has three thousand disciples. Two out of seventy people are proficient in six arts. Therefore, the vast traditional culture can be popularized and passed down.

Edit Confucius' famous saying

If you don't learn manners, you can't stand it

Don't do unto others what you don't want done unto you.

If you want to be a man standing, you want to reach out and be a man.

Bow from thick and thin to blame others, which is to stay away from resentment.

How about seeing Si Qi? See Si Qi for introspection.

In a threesome, there must be a teacher, choose the good one and follow it, and change the bad one.

Respect life, respect deacons and be loyal to others.

A gentleman is respectful without loss, respectful to others, and brothers all over the world.

Words must be kept, and actions must be fruitful. Although it is a barbarian country, it must be done. Is it true that you are disloyal and disrespectful, although you are in a state?

Being ashamed of yourself, making it useful in all directions, and not humiliating life, is the scholar.

Confucius said, "It is a benevolent person to be able to do five things for the world." Please ask questions. Say: "public, tolerant, trustworthy, people, and benefit. Respect is not insulting, forgiveness is popular, faith is responsible, sensitivity is meritorious, and profit can make people. "

Gentleman's righteousness is quality, courtesy is action, sun is action, and faith is success. Gentleman!

If you don't change, it's too much!

If you pass, you will be anxious to change.

Don't get angry, don't cross the line.

The three armed forces can win the handsome, but ordinary people can't win the ambition!

If a person doesn't think about distant things, he will find sadness close at hand.

Make haste slowly. Haste makes waste; When you see a small profit, you can't make a big deal.

If you don't stick to morality and don't believe in morality, how can you exist and die?

Make friends and keep your word.

Take literature as your friend and benevolence as your friend.

There are three friends who benefit and three friends who suffer. Friends are frank, friends forgive and friends listen more, which is beneficial. Friends make friends, friendly and soft, and friends will be destroyed and damaged.

A gentleman talks but doesn't do it.

A gentleman should not worry about not having enough to eat, be prepared for danger in times of peace, be cautious in words and deeds, be honest and clean, and be thirsty for knowledge.

Clever words make color.

Clever words, fresh and kind.

Rigid, resolute, dull, lazy and close to benevolence.

Those who have virtue must speak, and those who have words don't have to cultivate themselves.

Listen to what you say and see what you do.

Don't attract people with words, don't waste words with people.

The ancients couldn't say it and were ashamed to bow their heads.

A gentleman's name must be said, and his words must be done. A gentleman's words are nothing but nothing.

You can speak in words without talking to them, which is a loss; Don't talk to it in words, it's rude. Those who know, don't lose people, don't lose words.

It's called impatience if you don't say it. If you say it or not, it's called hiding. If you don't see the color, it's called jealousy.

Kindness is not easy to learn, and its cover is also stupid; If you know well and don't learn well, your cover will waver; Honesty is not easy to learn, and its cover is also a thief; Straight board is difficult to learn, and the cover is distorted; If you are brave and study hard, your cover will be messy; It is difficult to learn, but it is also crazy.

Politeness and rudeness are tiring, caution and rudeness are embarrassing, courage and rudeness are chaotic, and integrity and rudeness are distorted.

Be a gentleman, respect his business and eat.

The use of ceremony is precious in harmony.

Do it for the benefit, but complain more.

You don't know what people are unless you know what others don't know.

Three thousand disciples, seventy-two sages.

Isn't it fun to study from time to time? Is it not delightful to have friends coming from distant quarters? Isn't he a completely moral person? Although people may not pay attention to him, he won't feel uneasy.

When you are cold, you know that pine and cypress will wither.

The knower enjoys water, and the benevolent enjoys Leshan. Those who know move, those who are good are quiet. Wise people are happy, but benevolent people live long.

Not bad. Why not?