Can I send and receive short messages without international roaming abroad?

This situation is uncertain for the following reasons:

Without roaming, there is no service abroad, and it is impossible to send and receive short messages with mobile signals.

However, you can find the signal of the local operator. In this case, you can receive short messages, but the cost is quite expensive, and most of the costs are deducted from foreign operators, but mobile operators don't have much cost.