Nobody School is more than a good woman! Revealing Ten Hobbies of Yong Zhengdi's Life

Yongzheng was probably the most controversial emperor in the Qing Dynasty. He was shrouded in many mysterious things: struggle for storage, tyranny and sudden death. In addition, concubines in the flowing water of Tiehou Palace also provide a lot of story materials for the current "palace drama" and "street drama".

What is the special hobby in Yong Zhengdi's life? As for Yongzheng's hobby, it is said that: "Yong Zhengdi is diligent in government affairs and rarely takes pleasure in traveling around mountains and waters, but in his spare time, he is also interested in sensory enjoyment and wants to do things well."

After he acceded to the throne, he was not indifferent to the sound of dogs and horses. He is very interested in carving insects and toys. He showed great interest in the traditional things of the upper class in China, such as snuff, sachets, bonsai and pet dogs.

Yong Zhengdi has distinct personality characteristics and hobbies. By studying Yong Zhengdi's life, tastes and eating habits. A vivid and manly Yong Zhengdi appeared before us:

First, put on your glasses.

According to the data, glasses first appeared in Florence, Italy in 1289, which is an important invention of Europeans. Yong Zhengdi likes western glasses very much, not because Yong Zhengdi is arty, but because he has lost his eyesight, and he needs the help of glasses. Moreover, Yong Zhengdi also distributed glasses to artisans who threw ashes as a practical welfare treatment.

According to the historical records of the Qing Dynasty, Emperor Kangxi felt very good after receiving the crystal glasses from the Governor of Guangdong and Guangxi, and gave them to his son Yin _, who was later. When Yong Zhengdi was young, his eyesight was poor. He said that wearing the glasses given by his father made him "smart" and greatly improved the efficiency of marking the throne. Yong Zhengdi's glasses are all made by the office of the Ministry of Internal Affairs. The archives of the Ministry of Internal Affairs recorded many wishes of Yongzheng to make glasses in detail, such as "it is better to make several pairs of crystals, tea crystals, ink crystals and glass glasses"; Make 10 pairs of glasses according to my glasses. According to incomplete statistics, there are as many as 35 pairs of special glasses in Yong Zhengdi's office. Yong Zhengdi keeps these glasses anywhere, and he can easily get them wherever he goes. Because of the advantages of glasses, Yongzheng also used glasses as a reward, even for labor protection, and instructed the construction department to make glass flat eye masks for those ash-throwing craftsmen who built houses to protect their eyes. In fact, the emperors of the Qing Dynasty had the habit of wearing glasses and playing with all kinds of glasses. Only the last emperor Puyi left a photo with glasses.

According to the court file, Yong Zhengdi wears all kinds of glasses.

Yong Zhengdi was 45 when he became king, but his eyesight was poor. In order to improve the efficiency of office management, he dared to face the reality, regardless of the dignity of the emperor, and boldly accepted and used this wonderful thing. According to the court file, Yong Zhengdi wears all kinds of glasses. There are special royal glasses in the palaces of Oi and Yuanmingyuan where Yong Zhengdi often lives, and even in his sedan chair.

Yong Zhengdi's glasses are specially made by the office of the Ministry of Interior. This situation is recorded in detail in the office file. In the first year of Yongzheng 10 year 10 2, Baode of Langzhong ordered: "Make two pairs of myopia glasses within 12 hours." Then, if you watch more, you will redo 6 pairs. 10 year 10 20th, Lang Baozhong also sent a short message from Prince Yi Yunxiang: "Make more pairs of crystals, tea crystals, mo crystals and glass, all with good quality." On October 5th, 65438/KLOC-0, the glasses were made, and Baode came to the headquarters of Langzhong. On November 10, the second year of Yongzheng, eunuch Liu Yuchuan said, "Make ten pairs according to my glasses." This rule is continuous. On June 14th, the seventh year of Yongzheng, the eunuch Wang Chuanzhi ordered a pair of glasses to be installed on the wishful bed in the Siyutang of Yuanmingyuan. The office immediately handed the spare crystal teacups made previously to eunuch Liu Jinyi. In the same year1October 25th, 10, eunuch Zhang Yuzhu sent a pair of glasses presented by Igler, which read: Decorate according to the style of my glasses, then sign the western characters on the white paper and put them in a box for westerners to identify. Holding this piece of paper written in western languages, the office officials found the western painter Lang Shining and recognized the words "70 years old". It turns out that at that time, age was used to express the degree of reading glasses. This year, Yong Zhengdi was 5 1 year-old, and had already used "70-year-old" reading glasses. It seems that his eyesight is really not very good. This pair of western-style glasses has been carefully modified by the manufacturer, and then changed into a turtle shell ring and a silver pincer suitcase. On the second day of December, eunuch Li Jiuming gave it to Yong Zhengdi. From the first year of Yongzheng to the seventh year of Yongzheng, according to incomplete statistics, there were as many as 35 pairs of glasses specially made in Yong Zhengdi. Yong Zhengdi keeps these glasses anywhere, and he can easily get them wherever he goes. This is also his luxury as a feudal emperor.

Two. Make up/make up/make up/make up/make up/configure/make up/make up (a bed)

Among the emperors of the Qing Dynasty, Yong Zhengdi liked dressing up best. He has many makeup paintings handed down from generation to generation, such as wearing Taoist robes, suits, Hanfu and so on. In these makeup photos, the image of wearing a dress is very attractive: wearing a wig, a robe and a scarf, much like the French monarch Louis XIV. China's costumes are varied, such as ploughing, reading, shooting birds, playing the pipa and so on.

As can be seen from many portraits of Yong Zhengdi preserved so far, Yongzheng and Cixi have a common hobby, that is, they both like makeup very much. Yongzheng likes to play a hermit in the forest of Hanfu Village, and also likes to play a foreigner or Lama wearing a wig.

Yong Zhengdi, the fourth child in novels or TV plays, always gives people a serious image of "fighting corruption with an iron fist". Although suspicious and described as "biting" by later generations, it is surprising that Yong Zhengdi also has a lovely side. He once asked the court painter to "mix and match" his appearance with fishermen, poets, hunters and even foreigners, so he had these rather unruly images that we saw in Weibo: the fisherman Yongzheng enjoyed the cool by a stream, and the foreigner Yongzheng was basically the embodiment of Song Wu, with curly hair and holding weapons, and was deadlocked with the tiger. Yongzheng, a "hunter", completely dressed as a hunter, posing as a "bow and shoot an eagle".

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In other pictures, Yongzheng took off his embroidered robe and became a quiet "beauty". In summer, he sits at the window, wears a skirt and enjoys the cold in winter. In the evening, he sat by the fire and read around his fur coat, just like an ordinary scholar.

The music pictures of Yongzheng collected by the Palace Museum in Beijing reflect Yongzheng's leisure life. The so-called "Le Tu" is a special kind of figure painting, commonly known as "Royal Casual Map", with the theme of depicting the entertainment life of the court. In this music chart, Yongzheng constantly changed his roles: a scholar who wrote poems and fu, a Taoist who used wisdom to fight dragons, a martial artist, an old man, a foreigner in China and a Mongolian of Han nationality. It can be said that he plays everything except women. In addition, it has a godlike appearance, and it is not sloppy in scenes and props. This is really a master role-playing.

Of course, as an emperor, modeling is just a hobby. The people's job is to govern the country and ensure world security. The main style of wardrobe must be dragon robe. This wig was definitely a strange costume at that time, and Yong Zhengdi accepted it frankly and was regarded as a "hipster".

Three. Drinking too much.

Drinking too much. Ceng Jing once said that Yong Zhengdi had a drinking problem. Legend has it that Yong Zhengdi and Long Ke often drink in the middle of the night to relieve their worries and work pressure. He once left such a poem: "You should introspect before drinking, writing poems and spending flowers." Who is the friend of Jiuchong Sanbao Hall? The breeze is Xu Lai, and the moon is in the sky. "Some data also plausibly said that Yong Zhengdi likes to drink a goat wine produced in Ningxia, and he secretly gave it to Nian Gengyao.

Yongzheng was so busy with government affairs that he didn't even have time to go out. He has never been on a southern tour or a northern tour like Kangxi and Qianlong. Sometimes when you are depressed, it is natural to relax and relieve the pressure, which is also a compensation for not going out to play. Yongzheng likes to drink goat wine produced in Ningxia.

Yongzheng gave Nian Gengyao a secret order: "Ningxia produces a kind of goat wine, which was imported that year and has been stopped for 20 years." I like this wine very much. There is no wine in the palace now. You need to find some in secret and send them to the palace. You don't need many bottles. About 100 bottle is enough. I'll tell you after drinking.

Yongzheng likes to drink goat wine produced in Ningxia.

Four. desire

Ceng Jing did accuse Yong Zhengdi of being a womanizer. In recent years, some experts have confirmed that Yong Zhengdi has long coveted women and abused aphrodisiacs. I even took out a North Korean historical material and said, "Yongzheng was greedy for women in his later years and got a terminal illness." He can't use it for a long time from the waist down. According to our research on Yong Zhengdi's harem, he had 25 queens in his life, not the most. However, many concubines in Yong Zhengdi harem have left portraits, and the portraits of "Twelve Concubines of Yongzheng" have been handed down from generation to generation, giving people a very lewd feeling.

In the sixth year of Yongzheng, Ceng Jing sent Zhang Xi, a disciple, to lobby Yue Zhongqi for rebellion, and listed in detail ten major crimes in Yongzheng, including "seeking father, forcing mother, killing brother, killing brother, greedy for money, easy to kill, drinking, lustful, suspicious, loyal and treacherous". Jiyue pretended to praise them, but deceived them, secretly reported the matter to Yong Zhengdi, and finally escorted Ceng Jing and Zhang Xi back to Beijing for the court's disposal.

Yongzheng coveted women in his later years.

Under the interrogation of the imperial court punishments, Ceng Jing repented and reformed, changed his name to Qing Emperor, and wrote "Gui Lu Ren". In order to be lenient, Zhang and Zhang were not killed, but the case file, the emperor's imperial edict, his confession and the records of the nobles were collected to clarify the incident. He also asked the court and local officials to have a handbook, and ordered Ceng Jing to travel around the country to show the wisdom of the emperor.

After Yong Zhengdi's death, Emperor Qianlong immediately publicly overturned his conviction, sentenced Ceng Jing and Zhang Xi to death within one year, and banned the publication of The Record of Justice.

5。 I like snuff and snuff bottles.

For the sake of the national economy and people's livelihood, Yong Zhengdi vigorously advocated smoking ban, and achieved good results. However, Yong Zhengdi has an indissoluble bond with snuff and snuff bottles.

Emperors before Yongzheng did not smoke, including snuff. However, Yong Zhengdi, who has always advertised "respect for ancestors", has developed a hobby of smoking snuff while advocating smoking ban, which seems to run counter to the ancestral system. But it should be analyzed objectively, because snuff phenomenon has become a fashion in the upper class of Qing Dynasty. As emperors of feudal society, it is natural for us to have this hobby.

According to the records of Qing Palace, Yong Zhengdi not only likes snuff, but also likes to play with snuff bottles. He made him a snuff bottle under the house number and determined the style. By criticizing the artistic requirements of snuff bottle making, we can even see that Yong Zhengdi is still a connoisseur of snuff bottle art! As recorded in the archives of Yong Zhengdi's eighth year:

165438+1On October 20th, Wang Hai, director of the Ministry of Interior, held a snuff bottle painted with black colorful clouds and Chou-heung Jade Rabbit.

On the same day, Interior Minister Wang Hai held a peony snuff bottle painted with peach enamel in his hand. Clouds and mountains are not very good, and the rest of the pattern is still on fire. Qin is here.

According to historical records and the remains of Yongzheng snuff bottle, among many colors, Yong Zhengdi has a soft spot for black. Snuff bottles in that period were mostly made of black or black glaze, or outlined in black and red, forming a unique style of simplicity and solemnity.

In order to make a satisfactory snuff bottle, Yong Zhengdi not only made many wishes, but also rewarded craftsmen who could satisfy him. According to records, the highest prize is a cartographer and a book burner, each with 220 taels of silver. This kind of reward is the highest honor and has considerable economic benefits. According to the estimation of silver price at that time, 22 taels of silver can be exchanged for 500 stone grains.

Sixth, look at people's eight characters.

Yong Zhengdi attaches great importance to people's birthdays. Whatever you do, make it your birthday. Including some simple things, such as Nian Gengyao meeting him, he will approve eight words to see if it is appropriate. He asked E Ertai for eight words. The reason is that E Ertai is weak, and someone must tell him his age in order to prevent it as early as possible.

Yong Zhengdi was a superstitious monarch in the Qing Dynasty. He not only likes to listen to Geely's words, but also takes his birthday as his own consideration when being used by others. Even so, he doesn't miss this country, but he doesn't fully believe it. On the contrary, this is another way of political management. He controls his ministers and rules the hearts of the people.

Yue Zhongqi, the trusted military commander of Yong Zhengdi, left some records about the emperor's superstition in the credible historical materials of The Memorial.

In the sixth year of Yongzheng, he was in charge of military affairs in the western frontier, and the emperor asked him to "evaluate the titles of important generals." On April 15 of the same year, Yue Zhongqi listed her birthday in the memorial:

1. Minister Feng Yunzhong is 60 years old. He applied on May 29th, and he is Ji Yougeng, a man with an ice heart.

2. Yuan, town minister, 56 years old. The time for his application this time is 65438+February 6, and he applied for Bing Xin in B Xinzhou, Guizhou.

3. Zhang Yuanzuo, town minister, 46 years old. On February 7th, he was Shi Mao. He went back to the seaside to arrange his hair.

Yong Zhengdi attaches great importance to the date of human birth.

In addition, "Chen Ji, I have seen it in Beijing before, and the emperor has already inquired about it. There is no need to open it again. His deputy, Wang Gangnian, was sent to Japan to play alone. " Yongzheng approved his eight-character report: "The eight characters are recorded in the middle!"

On the 29th of that month, Yue Zhongqi made a supplementary report on Wang Gang's date of birth: "He is 46 years old and was born in April of 16. He is the fifth son of Gui Haiding. " I'm sorry, sword. Yongzheng read Yue Zhongqi's memorial and immediately made the following comments on these military commanders according to numerology: "Wang Gang has a good character." Feng Yunzhong has seen it, but it is not suitable. It seems that it has passed, and it can only remain dull. This is not good for Yolanda, because he is afraid of longevity. Lucky, Zhu is lucky. Joining Wang Tingrui and guerrilla Chen Bi, their fate is very prosperous; If there is any action, these two men can send someone in. Since several people are not suitable for sharing, Qing can raise several more people, which means eight people need to play together. If you want to use personnel in your proposal, you might as well send these eight words to have a look. Although the truth of fate is small, you can't believe it all. "

Therefore, Yong Zhengdi's use and deployment of troops are handled with reference to birthdays. Similarly, when Yue Zhongqi's subordinates neglected to appoint Zhao Weijing, deputy director of the Garden Department, Yongzheng also issued an eight-word instruction. He said, "Malone's department has not introduced any new cases, so there is no need to make an undue appeal against this crime and there is no intention to lower the tone." Zhao Can fills in the blanks and writes me eight big characters. Zhao is extremely optimistic about the timing. E Ertai cherishes him very much. Please stay in Yunnan province. Wang. Wang Gang's constellation has been seen. He is well off and lucky. He went to Hee Sa and played a loyal spirit, which can lead to the future prefect road; But the fear of life should not be high. Don't talk for a while, talk while watching six o'clock. I don't know how to observe my life. I think he wants to let nature take its course. If you want me to talk! Looking at life, I won't reveal some likes and dislikes and let them fall in love. "

According to the above historical records, we can believe that Yongzheng really attached great importance to the minister's eight characters. He believes that eight characters can show a person's luck, and eight characters can also show a person's ability and longevity. He almost "hires people according to his orders". It can also be said that on many occasions, he acted according to these eight words as a reference for the promotion and salary of ministers.

Seven. Harmony is usually on the night shift.

Yong Zhengdi is very diligent and often approves the throne at midnight. If you look at Zhu Pi of Yongzheng dynasty, you will see many records of night work in Yongzheng dynasty, such as "there is no peace during the day, two drums are silent at night, and books are written under the lamp"; Another example is "writing under the lamp, the handwriting is ridiculous"; Wait a minute. Therefore, during his reign, Yong Zhengdi was diligent, earnest, seldom rested and very diligent.

According to records, Yongzheng "worked nonstop from morning till night", and the government affairs in the world "did not care about the details, and the service period was comprehensive and clear". However, Zhu Pi's calligraphy is always empty.

Yongzheng never stopped dealing with state affairs from morning till night. Generally speaking, he contacts his deputy during the day, decides and carries out political affairs, and reviews the memorial at night. Even when eating and resting, it is "diligence can make up for it", and I dare not covet ease and comfort. Year after year, there is no shortage of hot and cold weather. Yongzheng was afraid of summer heat in his early years. In the summer of Yongzheng's sixth year, it was very hot and he was about to have a rest. However, he thought of the motto of the sages, and it was the duty of the emperor not to waste a little time. He encouraged vigilance and correction, and worked hard in government affairs. It can be said that he is afraid day and night and dare not be lazy.

The evening is also a tense moment for Yongzheng. It is often late at night to review the memorial, and I am exhausted. As can be seen from the following Zhu batch:

Yong Zhengdi is diligent and often approves the throne in the middle of the night.

1. There is no peace during the day. At night, two drums disappear from time to time and write books under the lamp.

2. Batch Zhao Fold: Under the batch of light, the calligraphy and painting are scribbled, and look closely.

3. Criticize E Ertai's stack: it is ridiculous handwriting written under the lamp.

Eight. Yongzheng likes black.

As for color, Yong Zhengdi, like other emperors, likes yellow, because yellow is a special color of the royal family. However, by consulting historical materials, people found that Yong Zhengdi had a soft spot for blacks. For example, most snuff bottles manufactured by the Yong Zhengdi office are made of black or black glaze, or outlined in black and red. In addition, he also ordered people to make other vessels with black as the main tone: bronze tires with black glaze, four-inch plates with black and white plum blossoms, black lacquer boxes, black colored glazes with spring, black colored embroidered robes with long Cai Yun, etc.

Yong Zhengdi has a special liking for black utensils left over from Yongzheng period.

Yongzheng, like other emperors, likes yellow, red and other colors, but especially likes black, which is a special case of the Qing emperor.

First of all, he ordered to make various utensils, such as Bai Meihua snuff bottle with black paint and enamel, copper tire with black paint and enamel, four-inch plate with black and white plum blossom, black colorful teapot and so on.

There are many black earth utensils left over from Yongzheng period, such as Gao Zubei black glaze, Un-yong Kim pattern, black lacquer bowl, golden centenarians and so on.

This kind of color matching was very popular in Yongzheng period, which completely depended on Yongzheng's personal hobbies, and it was also one of the characteristics that distinguishes Yongzheng handicrafts from other dynasties. In other words, black has become one of the important references for the identification of cultural relics in Yongzheng period.

Nine. Yong Zhengdi likes to play with dogs.

When Yong Zhengdi works hard, he also relieves stress through entertainment. For example, he likes playing with pet dogs very much. His two favorite dogs are called "Biological Dog" and "Baifu Dog". Yong Zhengdi not only likes it, but also does some things for dogs: making clothes for dogs, making kennels and building kennels. Yong Zhengdi personally participated, carefully conceived, and sometimes instructed others to do it.

Yong Zhengdi likes playing with dogs very much. Eunuchs in Yong Zhengdi must keep many dogs in the palace and often spend time petting them. Some of these dogs are clever and some are naive, which brings a lot of happiness to the busy emperor. Yongzheng also named them personally. His two favorite dogs were called "Tiangou" and "Centurion Dog", and he personally designed and made clothes for his dogs. He once designed a tiger skin pullover for SHEN WOO dogs, with a silky surface and a soft inside. When finished, he felt that the pullover had no ears. After wearing the "biological dog", the ears can only nest in the clothes, which is very uncomfortable. He ordered two ears to add to the tiger pullover. He also designed a Kirin-style pullover for CenturionDog, with a silk-like surface and a soft inside. After the completion, Yongzheng was very dissatisfied and ordered to put people's eyes and tongues on Kirin pullovers. In this way, the eyes of the centurion dog came out of the eyes of Kirin, just like a living Kirin. Besides silk dog clothes, Yongzheng also ordered a lot of tiger dog clothes, pig dog clothes and leopard dog clothes. After being tried on by the dog, it was carefully examined by the dog. Carelessness is not allowed. If something goes wrong, it must be reworked. For example, if the button on a dog coat is not buttoned properly, it must be buttoned again. Some dog clothes are made of leather claws. Yong Zhengdi thinks this is not good, so it is necessary to take them off or change them into a beautiful one.

Yong Zhengdi not only makes clothes for dogs, but also makes cages, kennels, dog pads and other appliances for dogs. In the sixth year of Yongzheng, someone made him a small round dog cage. The dog cage is made of bamboo, and the cover is made of exquisite Tibetan handmade wool fabric. Yongzheng's dog lives in such a comfortable environment, which can be described as "a hundred blessings" and "nature".

Yongzheng dog map

Love calligraphy

In fact, chess painting and calligraphy is a compulsory course for princes, nobles and princesses in the Qing Dynasty, and most people in the imperial clan can do it. However, not many people are proficient. Yong Zhengdi's calligraphy is the best among princes. Emperor Kangxi appreciated it very much and ordered him to write more than 100 paintings every year. Therefore, after the completion of Emperor Kangxi's Jingling Monument, Yong Zhengdi personally wrote an inscription on the Jingling Monument, which has been passed down to this day.

Yongzheng is a strange emperor with outstanding talent, strong personality and legendary political career, which is amazing.

Yong Zhengdi's calligraphy is the best among princes, and Emperor Kangxi appreciated it very much.

Judging from Prince Yong's Treasure and Yin _ Yin, this work was completed in the Kangxi period and is the fourth son of the Yellow Emperor. Because of his identity, Yongzheng didn't participate in politics too much at this time. He lived comfortably in Yuanmingyuan, with his own residence and pen and ink. Judging from the content of the work, this is a must-read geography of mountains and rivers for a country's monarch, and it is immediately used to read historical notes, Yu Fang or Yuanhe county annals. Calligraphy is peaceful and regular, which fully shows the cultivation and tranquility of an aspiring emperor. These works are all black ink, clearly printed and well-preserved silk, which is very precious.