The history of digital media

1. What is the development history, present situation and prospect of digital media? With the rapid development of high technology and the continuous progress of the digital information age, the digital media industry, as a new big industry, puts forward new requirements for the society. "Culture as the body and science and technology as the enzyme" is the essence of digital media. Because the development of digital media industry reflects a country's strength and industrial level in information service, traditional industry upgrading, cutting-edge information technology research and integrated innovation to a certain extent, digital media is highly valued around the world, and major countries and regions have formulated relevant policies and development plans to support the development of digital media.

More and more developed countries have begun to take vigorously promoting the development of digital media industry as an important strategy for national economic development. In China, the development of digital media industry has also been highly concerned and supported by leading departments at all levels, and it has become a hot direction of market investment and development. During the Tenth Five-Year Plan period, the National 863 Program took the lead in supporting the research and development of key technologies such as online game engine, collaborative animation production, three-dimensional motion capture, human-computer interaction and the construction of public service platform for animation online games, and built four national digital media technology industrialization bases in Beijing, Shanghai, Changsha, Hunan and Chengdu, Sichuan, respectively, which played an important demonstration and leading role in the formation of digital media industry agglomeration effect and the development of digital media technology.

According to relevant professionals and authoritative departments, the next five years will be a crucial period for the development of digital media technology and industry in China. In order to further promote the development of digital media industry with high added value and low consumption during the Eleventh Five-Year Plan period and overcome the technical bottleneck in the development of digital media industrialization, under the guidance of the High-tech Department of the Ministry of Science and Technology, the software and hardware technical expert group of the National 863 Plan organized relevant forces to deeply study the concept, connotation and framework of digital media technology and industrialization development, extensively investigated the development status and trends of digital media technology industry at home and abroad, carefully analyzed the bottleneck problems in the development of digital media technology industrialization in China, and put forward five future ones.

Through data collection, analysis and investigation, teachers of Linyi Electric Power School know that triple play is one of the development trends of digital media industry in China, and triple play is not only an unavoidable problem for telecommunications and broadcasting, but also a necessary strategy for national information construction. After the integration of the basic services of the three networks, the integration of user terminals is natural. Triple play refers to the interconnection of telecommunications, broadcasting and the Internet through the Internet TCP-IP protocol. Telecommunication network and Internet have basically merged in the telecommunication industry; 3G mobile Internet has realized the convergence of communication and Internet, and the launch of CMMB of China Broadcasting Mobile has successfully realized the triple play of 3G networks.

The digital media industry chain derived from digital media is also worthy of our consideration, similar to digital media publications. Today's digital media publications are gradually developed by absorbing "nutrients" such as print media, broadcast media, film and television media and computer application technology. Its appearance is not accidental, it is the product of an era, specifically, it is the inevitable product of the maturity of computer technology and the arrival of the information age. If art design wants to develop, it must have bright spots that can reflect the latest technology.

Digital media publications should pay attention to technical expression in the process of creation, but they should not "groan without illness" and make digital media publications a technical exhibition. Therefore, in the process of creating digital media publications, we should emphasize the organic combination of technology and art. Only by the perfect combination of art and technology can we have successful digital media publications.

2. The development history of digital media technology. Under the overall framework of digital media factory, digital media technology includes IBM's DB2 database, middleware, IntelliStation workstation, eServer server, enterprise storage devices, content management and publishing software, and is supported by IBM's powerful service and consulting support. Among them, each product plays an important role in digital media applications. For example, IBM IntelliStation workstation can be used as a platform to create digital media; EMMS (Electronic Media Management System) provided by IBM and IBM Content Manager based on DB2 can smooth unstructured content, realize the management and distribution of digital media, and have the media distribution ability to quickly publish large-capacity files by wired or wireless means. WebSphere Merce for Digital Media can help enterprises build an electronic trading platform and conduct online trading of digital media. At the same time, IBM provides e-commerce infrastructure based on comprehensive storage solution and eServer series servers, which ensures the storage and rapid distribution of digital media; IBM Global Services provides consulting and services for the realization of the whole project.

IBM Digital Media Factory is an open platform. The core of its strategy is not only to provide IBM's own products, but also to cooperate with leading technology, service and application suppliers. For example, IBM is cooperating with Ancept (provider of media asset management and storage technology), Virage (company that digitally processes and segments videos) and Divine (company that specializes in online publishing, formerly known as Open Market). IBM's digital media plan also includes joint research with NTT DoCoMo of Japan to provide the next generation wireless media services. In Coca-Cola and CNN, after digital processing and organization, various contents are reused to improve the company's work efficiency and provide opportunities to create new revenue streams by using previous assets. On the basis of extensive research on users, IBM's Atlanta E-commerce Innovation Center helps websites design their look and feel, and provides content management and integration services. Other customers of IBM include XM Radio, a satellite broadcasting company that uses IBM technology to store and manage audio content. Threshold digital research laboratory, which uses IBM's Linux digital studio solution to make and express digital animation.

3. The evolutionary history of Media English: Media British Standard: ['mi:dj] Explanation: n. Media, news media, media The so-called media refers to the media that spreads information, and in layman's terms, it is a propaganda platform. As for the content of the media, it should be constantly updated according to the current relevant national policies and the actual needs of the advertising market to ensure its feasibility, applicability and effectiveness.

Previously, the four traditional media were: 1, newspapers; 2. TV; 3. broadcasting; 4. magazines; In addition, there should be outdoor media, online media and new media, such as short messages. With the development of science and technology, new media, such as IPTV and electronic magazines, are gradually derived. They are developed on the basis of traditional media, but they are qualitatively different from traditional media.

From the order of appearance: 1, newspapers and periodicals should be the first media; 2. Broadcasting should be the second media; 3. Television should be the third media; 4. Internet should be called the fourth media; 5. The mobile network should be the fifth media. However, in terms of its importance, applicability and effectiveness, today's broadcast is tomorrow's TV.

Television is gradually becoming the "second media", while the Internet is gradually rising from the "fourth media" to the "first media". Although the advertising revenue of TV has been increasing by a large margin, it is an indisputable fact that the "advertising cake" is being increasingly divided by new media such as the Internet, outdoor media and reformed print media.

At the same time, print media has covered newspapers, magazines, picture books, envelopes, calendars, three-dimensional billboards, neon lights, floating in the air, LED billboards, light boxes, outdoor TV walls and other advertising platforms; Broadcast media also covers advertising platforms such as radio and television. Based on this, as far as its current suitability is concerned, the media should be divided into three categories according to its form, namely, 1, and the print media mainly includes printing, non-printing and photoelectricity.

2. Broadcast media: mainly including radio and television advertisements (subtitles, signs, movies, television). 3. Online media: mainly including online index, print, animation, forums, etc.

In other words, if the "media" are clearly divided according to their forms, there are only "three major media" in China at present.

4. The development course and application prospect of digital media art Some people say that art is a mirror of society.

What society looks like, art should be reflected. When computers and various technologies became indispensable tools in our lives, visual artists began to replace paper and pens with computers and digital technologies, and a new art form widely known as digital media came into being.

The appearance of computer has had an unimaginable influence and significance on human beings, and it is an epoch-making milestone in the history of science and technology and art. As far as digital drawing is concerned, the first thing that appears is engineering drawing rather than artistic works.

Like the development process of any art design form, after meeting the functional requirements, people unconsciously began the artistic pursuit of digital creation. Before 1963, people called the graphic and image works formed by some scientific and technical personnel with mathematical algorithms and electronic equipment "computer painting".

From 65438 to 0968, the first roving exhibition of computer art works started in London, traveled all over Europe, and finally ended in new york. Since then, it has been declared that computer art has become a unique applied science and artistic expression form, which has created a new world in the field of art design. Since 1970s, books and periodicals such as computer art and computer painting have appeared in western industrialized countries.

Computer painters also appeared in this period. Since 1980s, due to the progress of computer hardware and software technology, the level of digital design and painting has also been significantly improved.

Simple numerical calculation drawing program is gradually developing into rich two-dimensional graphic image system and three-dimensional animation system. After 1990s, with the development of computer graphics and computer industry, there are countless examples of digital design and painting being widely popularized in the world.

Many students in many countries, from primary school to university, can use computers to create digital designs and digital paintings. With the intervention of computer multimedia and network technology, digital design and digital painting are no longer limited to hard copy (paper, slides and photos), but have richer and more efficient means of creation and observation, which we call digital media art. Besides digital design and painting, digital media art is an art that can edit, edit, reorganize and deconstruct moving images, which makes it very close to film art.

Therefore, digital coal art can also be summarized as a kind of "comprehensive art", which can integrate other time-sensitive media, such as movies, animations, videos and sounds. In particular, digital media art can also be combined with the Internet in an "interactive" way, so that the "sense of distance" between the audience and the works disappears and a richer artistic experience is obtained. From the perspective of artistic exchange and communication, the emergence and development of digital media art makes Li Zhen's traditional art digital oil painting "Mediterranean Scenery" a reality.

The way of communication and communication has undergone revolutionary changes, and the way and communication of artistic communication has also changed from closed and individualized in the past to global and interactive now, and the spread of culture has also crossed the international level. Therefore, digital media art will become the main media form of art and communication in the network age.

The tradition and modernity of digital media art embodies the national, cosmopolitan and comprehensive cultural tradition, which is the essence of traditional culture and affects all traditional cultures. It dominates the behavior, thoughts and even souls of China people. It is immutable, or extremely difficult to change.

Cultural tradition is stable, permanent and single. Traditional cultural symbols are the most important embodiment of national spirit and constitute the discourse system of national culture.

Digital media art embodies the organic combination of tradition and modernity, which will promote the global development of cultural tradition and art and further accelerate the process of cultural diversification in China. If we are good at combining traditional cultural symbols with modern design, we can boldly show various symbols and mythological expressions of national, folk, local and traditional ideas in the form and content of ideological communication, and at the same time, we can integrate the international common design language and modern design concepts while maintaining our national traditional artistic style, so that the design can gain strong spiritual support and vitality.

Therefore, the perfect combination of national traditional art and modern design language is an important way for China digital media art to go global and be recognized by the world culture. The more globalization, the more we need to explore national individuality.

Therefore, we should constantly pursue new ideas of digital media art design with international language and China national connotation. Culture and art with China characteristics will appear in the spiritual and sensory world of China people.

The modern society with networking, technology and information has brought great impact to traditional cultural symbols, and also brought them new development opportunities. The introduction of new ideas and ways of thinking provides us with more thinking directions for re-examining traditional cultural concepts, and the emergence of new technologies and new materials also provides more possibilities for the redesign of our traditional cultural symbols.

At the same time, our attitude towards tradition and modernity should be a critical inheritance, transforming traditional elements into modern elements and integrating them into the details of modern design, so as to develop tradition and innovate modernity. With the development of digital media art and the deepening of people's understanding of artistic nationality, only by actively absorbing foreign cultures and constantly developing national art can works of art truly have a worldwide character.

The nationality of art refers to the use of the unique artistic forms and techniques of the nation to reflect real life, so that literary and artistic works have national style and style. Artistic works with national characteristics are created in the form of traditional art based on the cultural and artistic traditions and aesthetic consciousness of the nation, which mainly show the life, thoughts and feelings, aspirations and artistic aesthetic taste of the people of the nation.

Therefore, as long as there are exchanges between nations, artistic exchanges will inevitably exist. The nationality of art can only show its beauty in communication with other nationalities and constantly change itself on the stage of world art, so that traditional culture can continue and last forever.

At the same time, the comprehensiveness of art is also an important part of the development of digital media art. We should pay attention to the correlation between different art forms, and pay more attention to the correlation between art and other disciplines.

We should be good at combining various forms of media expression, be familiar with the characteristics of various arts, and be a comprehensive art instead of a single art. In the future, various arts will merge and influence each other.

5. The development course and application prospect of digital media art Some people say that art is a mirror of society.

What society looks like, art should be reflected. When computers and various technologies became indispensable tools in our lives, visual artists began to replace paper and pens with computers and digital technologies, and a new art form widely known as digital media came into being.

The appearance of computer has had an unimaginable influence and significance on human beings, and it is an epoch-making milestone in the history of science and technology and art. As far as digital drawing is concerned, the first thing that appears is engineering drawing rather than artistic works.

Like the development process of any art design form, after meeting the functional requirements, people unconsciously began the artistic pursuit of digital creation. Before 1963, people called the graphic and image works formed by some scientific and technical personnel with mathematical algorithms and electronic equipment "computer painting".

From 65438 to 0968, the first roving exhibition of computer art works started in London, traveled all over Europe, and finally ended in new york. Since then, it has been declared that computer art has become a unique applied science and artistic expression, and opened a new world in the field of art design. Since 1970s, books and periodicals such as computer art and computer painting have appeared in western industrialized countries.

Computer painters also appeared in this period. Since 1980s, due to the progress of computer hardware and software technology, the level of digital design and painting has also been significantly improved.

Simple numerical calculation drawing program has gradually developed into a rich two-dimensional graphic image system and three-dimensional animation system. After 1990s, with the development of computer graphics and computer industry, there are countless examples of digital design and painting being widely popularized in the world.

Many students in many countries, from primary school to university, can create digital designs and digital paintings through computers. With the intervention of computer multimedia and network technology, digital design and digital painting are no longer limited to hard copy (paper, slides and photos) for display and communication, but have richer and more efficient means of creation and observation, which we call digital media art. Besides digital design and painting, digital media art is an art that can edit, edit, reorganize and deconstruct moving images, which makes it very close to film art.

Therefore, digital coal art can also be summarized as a kind of "comprehensive art", which can integrate other time-sensitive media, such as movies, animations, videos and sounds. In particular, digital media art can also be combined with the Internet in an "interactive" way, so that the "sense of distance" between the audience and the works disappears and a richer artistic experience is obtained. From the perspective of artistic exchange and communication, the emergence and development of digital media art makes Li Zhen's traditional art digital oil painting "Mediterranean Scenery" a reality.

The way of communication and communication has undergone revolutionary changes, and the way and communication of artistic communication has also changed from closed and individualized in the past to global and interactive now, and the spread of culture has also crossed the international level. Therefore, digital media art will become the main media form of art and communication in the network age.

The tradition and modernity of digital media art embodies the national, cosmopolitan and comprehensive cultural tradition, which is the essence of traditional culture and affects all traditional cultures. It dominates the behavior, thoughts and even souls of China people. It is immutable, or extremely difficult to change.

Cultural tradition is stable, permanent and single. Traditional cultural symbols are the most important embodiment of national spirit and constitute the discourse system of national culture.

Digital media art embodies the organic combination of tradition and modernity, which will promote the global development of cultural tradition and art and further accelerate the process of cultural diversification in China. If we are good at combining traditional cultural symbols with modern design, we can boldly show various symbols and mythological expressions of national, folk, local and traditional ideas in the form and content of ideological communication, and at the same time, we can integrate the international common design language and modern design concepts while maintaining our national traditional artistic style, so that the design can gain strong spiritual support and vitality.

Therefore, the perfect combination of national traditional art and modern design language is an important way for China digital media art to go global and be recognized by the world culture. The more globalization, the more we need to explore national individuality.

Therefore, we should constantly pursue new ideas of digital media art design with international language and China national connotation. Culture and art with China characteristics will appear in the spiritual and sensory world of China people.

The modern society with networking, technology and information has brought great impact to traditional cultural symbols, and also brought them new development opportunities. The introduction of new ideas and ways of thinking provides us with more thinking directions for re-examining traditional cultural concepts, and the emergence of new technologies and new materials also provides more possibilities for the redesign of our traditional cultural symbols.

At the same time, our attitude towards tradition and modernity should be a critical inheritance, transforming traditional elements into modern elements and integrating them into the details of modern design, so as to develop tradition and innovate modernity. With the development of digital media art and the deepening of people's understanding of artistic nationality, only by actively absorbing foreign cultures and constantly developing national art can works of art truly have a worldwide character.

The nationality of art refers to the use of the unique artistic forms and techniques of the nation to reflect real life, so that literary and artistic works have national style and style. Artistic works with national characteristics are created in the form of traditional art based on the cultural and artistic traditions and aesthetic consciousness of the nation, which mainly show the life, thoughts and feelings, aspirations and artistic aesthetic taste of the people of the nation.

Therefore, as long as there are exchanges between nations, artistic exchanges will inevitably exist. The nationality of art, only in the communication with other nationalities and on the stage of world art, can show its beauty and constantly change itself, and can make the traditional culture continue and last forever.

At the same time, the comprehensiveness of art is also an important part of the development of digital media art. We should pay attention to the correlation between different art forms, and pay more attention to the correlation between art and other disciplines.

We should be good at combining various forms of media expression, be familiar with the characteristics of various arts, and do comprehensive art instead of single art. In the future, various arts will blend together and play a role together.

6. What is the development history of multimedia technology? 1986 interactive cd-rom system CD-I stores all kinds of media information in digital form on a 650MB CD-ROM, so that users can read the contents of the CD interactively.

1987 interactive digital video system -DVI DVI is based on computers, and uses optical disks to store and retrieve information such as images and sounds.

1989 popular DVI products put this chip on IBMPS/2 computer.

1990 MPC (multimedia personal computer) level computer manufacturers and software publishers all over the world have the same standard, which really promotes the popularization of CD-ROM publications.

The * * * provided by multimedia computer is not a single * * *, but a synthesis of multiple senses, which is very important for students to acquire and master knowledge.

Multimedia technology has the following main features:

(1) integration can acquire, store, organize and synthesize information through multiple channels.

(2) Controlled multimedia technology is a computer-centered comprehensive processing and control of multimedia information, which is displayed in various media forms according to people's requirements and acts on people's various senses at the same time.

(3) Interactivity Interaction is one of the main characteristics that distinguish multimedia applications from traditional information exchange media. Traditional information communication media can only spread information in one direction and passively, while multimedia technology can realize people's active choice and control of information.

(4) The nonlinear characteristics of nonlinear multimedia technology will change people's traditional sequential reading and writing mode.

Types and characteristics of multimedia information;

(1) Text is an information form expressed by words and various special symbols, and it is the most widely used way of information storage and transmission in real life.

(2) Image is one of the most important forms of information expression in multimedia software, and it is the key factor to determine the visual effect of multimedia software.

(3) Animation Animation is to quickly play a series of graphic images with continuous motion changes by using the persistence characteristics of human vision, including scaling, rotation, transformation, fading in and out and other special effects.

7. The development history of multimedia technology Since the 1990s, the development of the world towards the information society has obviously accelerated, and the application of multimedia technology has played an extremely important role in this development process.

Multimedia improves the communication of human information and shortens the path of human information dissemination. The application of multimedia technology is the characteristic of computer application in 1990s, and it is also another revolution of computer.

Definition of Multimedia What is multimedia? The word "Multimedia" is translated from English "multimedia", which is a compound word of multiple and media, and the core word is media. Media has two meanings in the computer field: first, it refers to the entity that stores information, such as magnetic disk, optical disk, magnetic tape, semiconductor memory and so on. Chinese is often translated into medium, which refers to the carrier of information, such as numbers, words, sounds, graphics, images and so on. And Chinese translation is the medium. The medium in multimedia technology refers to the latter.

The word corresponding to multimedia is single media. Literally, multimedia is composed of mono media. Humans need to use various information carriers in information exchange, and multimedia refers to the forms of expression and communication of various information carriers. However, the concept of "media" is still a bit narrow. In fact, the concept of "media" is quite extensive.

There are five types of "media": 1. Perceptionmedium: refers to the medium that can directly act on people's sensory organs, thus making people feel directly. Such as language, music, all kinds of sounds in nature, all kinds of images, animations, words and so on.

2. Imagery media: refers to the media artificially developed for conveying sensory media. With the help of this medium, sensory media can be stored more effectively or transmitted from one place to another far away.

Such as language code, telegraph code, bar code, etc. 3. Representation medium: refers to the medium used to convert between electrical signals and sensory media in communication.

Such as input and output devices, keyboards, mice, monitors, printers, etc. 4. Storage medium: refers to the medium used to store a certain medium.

Such as paper, magnetic tape, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc. 5.Tran * * * issue: refers to the medium used to transmit some media.

Commonly used such as telephone lines, cables, optical fibers, etc. There are so many media, what does this have to do with the "multimedia" mentioned in our book? That is what we call "multimedia" here.

It is generally believed that "multimedia" refers to the technology that can acquire, process, edit, store and display more than two different types of information media at the same time, including words, sounds, graphics, images, animations, videos and so on. In this sense, we can see that what we often call "multimedia" ultimately boils down to a kind of "technology".

In fact, it is precisely because of the substantial progress of computer technology and digital information processing technology that we have the ability to process multimedia information today, which makes "multimedia" a reality. Therefore, what we now call "multimedia" often does not refer to various media themselves, but mainly refers to a set of technologies for processing and applying them.

Therefore, "multimedia" is often considered as a synonym for "multimedia technology". In addition, it should be noted that the multimedia technology that people are talking about now is often associated with computers, because the digital and interactive processing capabilities of computers have greatly promoted the development of multimedia technology.

Generally speaking, multimedia can be regarded as a new technology or product formed by combining advanced computer technology with video, audio and communication technology. The definition of multimedia technology is that computers comprehensively process all kinds of media information, such as text, graphics, images, audio and video, so that all kinds of information are logically linked, integrated into a system and interactive.

Simply put, the computer processes audio, text and graphic information comprehensively, and it is integrated and interactive. Generally speaking, the characteristics of multimedia computer technology can be divided into the following points: (1) integration.

Multimedia computer technology is a combination of text, graphics, images, sound and animation and other media applications, based on digital processing. It is different from ordinary traditional documents, and it is a system that integrates various media by computer technology.

Media can be divided into text, audio and video according to different attributes; Among them, text can be divided into characters and numbers, audio can be divided into music and voice, and video can be divided into still images, animations and movies. There are many technologies, such as computer technology, hypertext technology, optical disk storage technology and image drawing technology. Computer multimedia is more widely used than traditional multimedia, such as CAI, audio books, business information consultation and so on. , are the application fields of computer multimedia.

In addition, the system integration of various technologies can basically include the latest hardware technology and software technology in the computer field today. (2) interactivity.

Interaction is one of the characteristics of multimedia computer technology, that is, interactive communication with users, which is the biggest difference between it and traditional media. This change, in addition to providing users with the ability to solve problems according to their own wishes, can also help users learn, think and make systematic inquiries or statistics with the help of this kind of dialogue, so as to enhance their knowledge and solve problems.

(3) Disorder rules. Generally speaking, users' demand for non-sequential information access is much greater than that for sequential access.

In the past, when searching for information, most of the time was spent looking for information and receiving duplicate information. Multimedia system overcomes this shortcoming, which makes people gradually improve the way of acquiring knowledge according to the ladder structure of chapters, sections and pages, and then presents a new look with the help of the concept of hypertext.

The so-called "hypertext" is simply unordered text, which can simplify the process of user information query, which is also one of the functions emphasized by multimedia. (4) Non-paper output form.

The application of multimedia system is different from the traditional application.

8. The history of the number 7. How many stages has the history of digital development in China gone through? Analysis: (1) In Banpo cultural site from 7000 to 5000 years ago, some simple symbols carved on painted pottery are probably the most primitive characters and numbers.

(2) More than 3,000 years ago, special figures representing "one, ten, hundred, thousand and ten thousand" appeared on the Oracle bones of Yin Ruins. (3) During the Western Zhou Dynasty about 3,000 years ago, Zhong Dingwen also used the word "you".

(4) Later, we created the symbol "O" in China to indicate vacancy. (5) The number * * * has been widely used in China for less than a century.

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