Where did the vanished Hazare go?

Khazar is a prosperous kingdom located on the banks of the Idil River and at the end of the Gergan River. Many tribes lived along the river. King Joseph lived in a delta area. Others were scattered in the countryside and some lived in the city. The people living in the area near this coast were as numerous as grains of sand, and they all paid tribute to the king. He held the door to the Russian attack.

There are three cities on this river. One of them was the city where King Joseph was born, where the queen lived, another city where Jews, Christians and Spaniards lived, and a third city where the king lived. This oval-shaped castle also housed the king's ministers, slaves, servants and civilians. There is no abundant rainfall in Khazar, but there are rivers crisscrossing the land, and fish are jumping in the rivers. What's more important is that springs can be seen everywhere, the soil is fertile, and the products are abundant. Fields, vineyards, and gardens are spread all over the country.

The above is the only historical information about the Khazar people about their country that has been found so far, and these information come from a letter written by the Khazar King Joseph to a man named Hassan Shafrut Letter from the Arab Minister.

Historians have always doubted the authenticity of this letter until the 20th century, when a letter written by the recipient Hassan Shafrut was found in Cairo. This minister did serve in the Spanish royal palace in the 10th century. In the letter, Hassan asked the Byzantine emperor to give him a ship to travel to Khazar. At that time Byzantium was at war with the Khazars. Someone wrote back to the minister from Constantinople, the capital of Byzantium, saying that it was about 15 days' journey from Constantinople to the Khazar Kingdom, and that the land route had to pass through many countries, and told him that the Khazar King's surname was Joseph. After receiving the reply, Hassan probably sent a letter to King Joseph asking about Khazar's location. King Joseph wrote Hassan a text message introducing the location and situation of the kingdom. And this has become the exact information available for research on Khazar.

In addition, documents from Russia, Byzantium, Armenia and other ethnic groups show that the Khazar state was once strong and prosperous, impregnable, with magnificent buildings and a refreshing and pleasant climate. Khazars are also quite powerful militarily. They have a huge army and have invaded Armenian territory. The Georgians said that the Khazar Kingdom destroyed the city of Tbilisi by force after failing to make the daughter of the Georgian Grand Duke his wife. Arab chronicles say that all ethnic groups from the Danube to the northern Urals paid tribute to the Khazars, and it was recognized as a necessary place for trade between Byzantium and China. The Russians had been fighting against the Khazars for a long time. It is said that in 965 AD In 2006, after fierce fighting between the two sides, the Russians finally occupied Idil, the capital of the Khazars. From the Volga Delta, they sent their troops southward along the Caspian Sea and headed straight for the city of Shaydel in the Khazar Kingdom.

It is very difficult to study this large country that once dominated one area, because there is almost no information for reference, and we do not know the clear geographical location of the Khazar Kingdom. Where is this kingdom that dates back only more than 1,000 years? where? Where is the Gergan River mentioned in the king's letter? Is it a tributary of the Volga River or some other river? Where does "Delta Region" refer to? The king also described his subjects in the letter as "as numerous as grains of sand." So how many people were there? There are no written and written records about Khazar, and it is impossible to check whether there are ruins. Its disappearance has always troubled people like the ancient city of Loulan. Some scholars speculate that the Khazar state was swallowed by the Caspian Sea. In the 7th century AD, the Khazar country owned a large amount of fertile land. The Khazars controlled the Volga River channel and became the masters of the Volga Delta. But from then on, the Caspian Sea began to spread to the ocean. Day after day, year after year, it mercilessly swallowed up the land, fields, and villages of the Khazar people. By the middle of the 19th century, the Khazar castle was finally Completely swallowed by the Caspian Sea. Many sources also provide strong evidence for the sinking of Khazar.

But this explanation is still not convincing. Khazar was gradually swallowed up by the Caspian Sea. In other words, its residents had sufficient opportunities to migrate. So, where did they move to? Where are their descendants? In addition, Khazar is a country with vast territory and abundant resources. If it was swallowed up, there should be ruins and ruins on the land, but so far no trace has been found. Byzantine chronicles indicate that the Khazar state of Sakael was located on the Don River, on the road to Idil, and was destroyed by Kiev Grand Prince Svyatoslav. Artamov, a professor of archeology in the former Soviet Union, conducted repeated explorations and finally found the location of Kesar and conducted excavations.

Unfortunately, he did not find any cultural relics of the Khazar people, and even said in frustration: "So far, we still know nothing about the Khazar people." The history of the Khazar people is like a passing cloud, which is surprising. Elusive.