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The word "private" existed in ancient China. Everything that belongs to individuals, has nothing to do with social affairs and public interests, and is unnecessary and should not be made public is privacy [1]. Some scholars believe that privacy is a private life that individuals do not want to be known and interfered by others. Specifically, private life is peaceful, free from illegal interference by others, and private information secrets are not illegally collected, snooped, used and made public by others. There are three forms of privacy: one is personal information, which is intangible privacy; The second is personal affairs, which is dynamic privacy; The third is the personal field, which is tangible privacy. To this, we can make the following analysis. [2]( 1) Privacy is a fact first, which is subjective. Whether a fact is important or not belongs to the category of personal privacy and the content of private evaluation system or subjective judgment, so it depends entirely on the subjective understanding of the right subject. (2) Privacy is a fact of private life. There are many things that people don't want to make public, which can be called secrets, but personal privacy only refers to private life. (3) Privacy is a fact that others don't want to know. As privacy, it may be a person's physical and life defects, a cherished feeling, or even a personal advantage. As long as individuals don't want to be known to the public, it is privacy. Privacy depends on a person's psychology and emotions. (4) Of course, privacy must be restricted by public order, good customs and laws. People are both individual and social. Society respects the basic rights of individual survival and development; Individuals should also be regulated by morality and law. The above four aspects constitute the basic elements of privacy.

The concept of "privacy" was put forward by modern western bourgeois jurists. The right of privacy embodies a kind of survival art of modern civilization. In a nutshell, the right of privacy refers to a kind of personality right that citizens enjoy the peace of private life and private information is protected according to law from illegal harassment, knowledge, use and disclosure by others. It is generally believed that the right to privacy mainly includes the following specific contents: [3]( 1) the right to live in peace. The subject of rights may or may not engage in some activities unrelated to social interests, without interference or domination by others. (2) the right to keep personal life information confidential. The right subject has the right to prohibit others from illegally using personal life information. (3) Personal communication confidentiality. The right subject has the right to keep confidential the contents of private letters, telephone calls, faxes and conversations, and prohibit others from illegally eavesdropping or stealing. (4) Personal privacy. The subject of rights has the right to use his privacy according to his own will in order to engage in various activities to meet his own needs, and others may not interfere with this use.

Privacy is an important personal right of citizens, "an important symbol of citizens' actual social status and an important lever of interpersonal communication and relationship civilization". From a philosophical point of view, privacy is the basis of citizens' legal rights and a natural right. Some philosophers believe that privacy is a basic right that cannot be weakened; Others believe that privacy is a necessary condition for other important rights, such as freedom and personal autonomy. Kant believes that freedom and reason make human beings different from all other creatures, and that human beings have standardized self-determination ability, which is our highest friendship as human beings. [4] Simply put, I am respected because I can freely decide my own future and destiny, and I also have the obligation to respect the equal self-determination ability of others. Therefore, from the perspective of Kant's philosophy, to respect a person as a human being, we must respect his or her freedom, and to respect the freedom of others means that we must consider the influence of our own actions and decisions on others. We have no reason to interfere with others' right to pursue their goals freely, but when we don't respect others' privacy, we are interfering with others' freedom. Therefore, there is a close relationship between privacy and respect for human freedom, autonomy and rationality. Being respected as a rational and autonomous person means that people should respect his or her privacy, because this is a necessary condition for that kind of autonomy. As can be seen from the above, the obligation to respect the privacy of others is self-evident In other words, in general, privacy must be respected, because it is an important shield to protect our freedom and self-determination. Invading privacy in any way is a potential threat to our respect as human beings.

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