The epidemic impact of Ebola virus in West Africa 20 14

20 14 On July 28th, Arik Airlines of Nigeria announced that it would suspend all direct flights to Liberia and Sierra Leone.

20 14 ASKY Airlines, which operates the pan-African aviation business on July 29th, 20 14, announced that it would suspend all flights in and out of Freetown, the capital of Sierra Leone, and Monrovia, the capital of Liberia, in order to prevent the Ebola virus from spreading further in West Africa.

2065438+On August 27th, 2004, Air France announced that, in view of the Ebola outbreak in Sierra Leone, Air France decided to adopt the proposal of the French government and "temporarily cancel" the flight from Paris to Freetown, the capital of Sierra Leone, from 28th. 20 14 On August 26th, the World Health Organization said that after the outbreak of Ebola, more than 240 medical staff had been infected and at least 120 medical staff had died. The high infection rate of medical staff comes from insufficient protective measures or improper use of medical staff; There is a serious shortage of medical staff, which leads them to work overtime. The World Health Organization estimates that there are only 1 2 doctors per 65,438+10,000 people in the three countries with severe epidemics, and most of these doctors are concentrated in urban areas.

201410 June 16, Isabel nuttall, director of global early warning and prevention of the world health organization, issued a statement at local time, saying that the Ebola epidemic had infected 427 medical staff and killed 236 people. 2065438+On August 26th, 2004, Donald kaberuka, President of the African Development Bank, said in an interview with the media that the worst Ebola outbreak in history had caused huge economic losses in West Africa. West Africa's economy is expected to plummet by 4% due to the withdrawal of foreign capital and the cancellation of commercial projects. Guinea, Liberia and Sierra Leone have just recovered from military and political crises, but they have suffered from the Ebola epidemic, which has greatly damaged agricultural production in various countries and may lead to a food crisis. In addition, the closure of the border will increase the trade cost between countries, and the diamond trade will also stagnate. For example, the number of countries in Africa that have closed their borders is gradually increasing, which will hit the entire African economy in the long run.

2065438+On August 27th, 2004, international credit rating agencies indicated that Ebola virus would hit the West African economy hard. The outbreak of Ebola virus may cause commercial activities and traffic disruption for at least 1 month. In addition, if the Ebola virus continues to spread, it may also lead to "economic and financial deterioration" in Nigeria, the largest economy on the African continent.

20141018 October, the World Bank released a report saying that according to the forecast, the economic losses caused by the Ebola epidemic in the next two years will be as high as $32 billion. The report pointed out that Liberia, Sierra Leone and Guinea all suffered serious economic losses due to the outbreak of the epidemic. According to statistics, the economic value brought by agriculture accounts for 39%, 57% and 20% of the total GDP of the three countries respectively. September and 10 are the harvest seasons of local rice and corn every year. However, due to fear of the spread of the epidemic, curfews were imposed in various places, and food transportation was restricted. In addition, West Africa is rich in iron ore and gold ore, and many mining groups in western countries have set up branches in West Africa. However, since more than 2,000 people have died of Ebola virus infection in Liberia, in order to prevent the spread, all the other passages except several important border crossings have been closed by the government, and the trade in mineral resources has been forced to be greatly reduced.

20 14, 10/0/9 October, the World Bank warned that if the Ebola outbreak is not contained, the West African region where the epidemic broke out will face an economic cost impact of $32.6 billion, which aggravated people's concerns about the potential economic impact of the epidemic. According to the World Bank's forecast, under the "low-risk Ebola" scenario, by the end of 20 14, the Ebola epidemic will be controlled in Guinea, Liberia and Sierra Leone. By the end of 20 15, the impact of the epidemic on GDP will reach $3.8 billion. In the "high-risk Ebola" scenario, the epidemic will spread to neighboring countries, and the economy of this region will lose 7.4 billion US dollars in 20 14 and 25.2 billion US dollars in 20 15, which is equivalent to 3.3% of the GDP of this region.

20 14, 10, 14 Abdoulaye mar diye, head of the African region of the United nations development program, said at a press conference held in Dakar that Ebola hemorrhagic fever has caused economic losses of about1300 million US dollars to Guinea, Sierra Leone and Liberia, the three countries with the worst epidemic situation. In the past few years, the economic growth of Guinea, Sierra Leone and Liberia has been remarkable, but since the outbreak of Ebola, the economic growth rate of the three countries has dropped by 3 to 5 percentage points, and the negative impact may still be difficult to eliminate ten years after the end of the epidemic. 201On September 2nd, April, FAO said that Liberia, Sierra Leone and Guinea in West Africa are facing a humanitarian crisis of food shortage and soaring prices due to the labor shortage and trade impact caused by Ebola. The price of food in Monrovia, the capital of Liberia, has skyrocketed, and some people spend 80% of their total income on food. Guinea, Liberia and Sierra Leone are all net food importers, among which Liberia is most dependent on external supply. The closure of some border ports and the isolation of the border areas of the three countries, as well as the continuous decline of port trade as the main channel for bulk commercial imports, have led to tight supply and a sharp increase in food prices. In order to meet the short-term food aid demand, the United Nations World Food Programme launched a regional emergency operation, delivering about 65,000 tons of food to 6,543,800+300,000 people. At the same time, the FAO special alert pointed out that "a rapid assessment is needed to determine feasible measures to help alleviate the impact of labor shortage during harvest and related post-harvest activities." At the same time, FAO pointed out that measures to revitalize domestic trade are also crucial to alleviate the shortage of supply and curb the further rise of food prices.

20 14 10 8. According to the assessment of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, in Sierra Leone, 47% of the respondents said that Ebola had greatly damaged their agricultural production activities. In Lofa, the most affected agricultural county in Liberia, the price increase of commodities including food increased from 30% to 75% in August alone. Juan Lubrov, FAO's chief veterinary officer, said that measures to control the Ebola epidemic, including closing and transporting roads under the supervision of the police or the military, may prevent farmers from harvesting and farming in farmland; In addition, many markets are closed and people can't sell or buy food.

20 1414 June14, Joseph Sesay, Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Food Safety of Sierra Leone, revealed that 40% of farmers in Sierra Leone had abandoned their farmland. Coffee and cocoa beans grown in this country are seriously affected by Ebola virus. Sesay said: "Farmland has been neglected, and some families and villages are empty. We must know that agriculture is the backbone of our economy. If agriculture collapses, our economy will also collapse. " 2065438+On August 26th, 2004, Nigerian Minister of Education Ibrahim Shekaro announced that due to the Ebola epidemic, the opening time of primary and secondary schools in China would be postponed to 20 14 10 13. Shekaro asked state educational institutions to arrange medical trained staff to go to public and private schools to deal with possible unexpected health conditions. In addition, the school must complete the training of teachers and other school staff before September 2065438 15, so as to take corresponding measures in time.

2065438+On September 2, 20041day, the local government of Nigeria announced that it would cancel the plan to start school on September 22 and let students stay at home. A government spokesman in Lagos, Nigeria's largest city, said in a statement that local primary and secondary schools will not start classes until June 8 10. The next time will be used to distribute personal hygiene products to prevent Ebola infection. On 2014 10 June10, the Moroccan government submitted an application to the African Football Association, requesting that the Africa Cup of Nations be postponed. Earlier, the Moroccan Ministry of Health issued an announcement to avoid holding various large-scale activities in the country with the participation of Ebola-affected countries.

201410/4, michael lahoud, a player from Sierra Leone, said that Sierra Leone's national football team was treated unfairly in the game because of the Ebola outbreak in China. Affected by Ebola virus, Sierra Leone's recent home game of African Nations Cup qualifiers can only be held in a third country. Most players in Sierra Leone play in Europe, Asia or the United States. Since July, they have no chance to return to China to play football.

201410/5, Tim McCoy, senior consultant of the World Cocoa Bean Foundation, said that during his trip to C? te d 'Ivoire in September, people could clearly feel the deep fear of Ebola virus and epidemic situation. C? te d 'Ivoire is the largest cocoa producer in the world, M & amp； M's, Butterfinger, Snickers and other world-renowned chocolate brands supply raw materials. The harvest season of cocoa beans is about to begin, but due to the Ebola epidemic, C? te d 'Ivoire has to close its borders with Liberia and Guinea, thus losing a lot of labor, which is bound to seriously affect the harvest of cocoa beans. Although there have been no cases of Ebola infection in C? te d 'Ivoire, the price of cocoa beans will still rise sharply due to the influence of neighboring countries. This has aroused widespread concern of major chocolate manufacturers in the world.

201410/6, the latest financial survey report released by the International Air Transport Association shows that in September, the share price of global airlines was affected by investors' concerns about the spread of Ebola virus, down 4% from the previous month.