Myopia operation

As far as people around me have done it, the effect is ok, but this operation is not suitable for all patients.

Generally, excimer laser surgery can only be considered if the following conditions are met: the age is at least 18 years old, the mental state is healthy, and there is a desire to take off glasses; No active eye disease; In the last two years, the degree of myopia has been relatively stable, and it has deepened by no more than 50 degrees every year; If wearing contact lenses, soft lenses should be removed for 2 weeks, and hard lenses should be removed for more than 4 weeks (glasses can be changed for preoperative examination); After examination by the doctor, all the indexes of the eye meet the requirements of the operation; If it is the second operation, the interval between LASIK and PRK should be 3 ~ 6 months, 1 year. If hyperopia, myopia and astigmatism occur after penetrating keratoplasty, the interval should be greater than 1 year; A disease that has no surgical restrictions on the whole body. Excimer laser surgery is not suitable for people with acute active inflammation, dry eye, eyelid insufficiency, glaucoma, cataract, uveitis, retinal detachment, ischemic eye disease, herpes simplex and other viral eye diseases, as well as diabetes, collagen diseases (lupus erythematosus) and other systemic diseases. ), rheumatoid arthritis, gout, mental illness, AIDS, and people with certain diseases that affect wound healing or safety are the focus of public attention. The first choice is still to wear glasses to correct myopia. There are usually three methods: 1. Lens correction: including frame glasses and contact lenses; 2. Corneal refractive surgery: radial keratotomy (RK), excimer laser keratectomy (PRK), excimer laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK), etc. 3. Intraocular refractive surgery: clear lens extraction and intraocular lens implantation in phakic eyes. It should be pointed out that, considering the factors of safety, simplicity, economy and practicality, ophthalmology believes that for most people, the first choice to correct myopia is to wear glasses. If the patient is going to choose excimer laser surgery, the most concerned issue is the safety of the surgery. Objectively speaking, the current excimer laser surgery is relatively safe. Compared with the earliest radial keratotomy with diamond knife to treat myopia, its safety has made a qualitative leap, which has been fully proved by a large number of clinical practices in 10 years. It can be said that laser surgery for myopia has been relatively mature in China. However, the success rate of any operation cannot be 100%. Just as contact lenses are easy to be infected and harmful to vision, trauma caused by broken lenses of frame glasses is also one of the causes of blindness. According to the article in American Journal of Ophthalmology, the failure rate of this kind of ophthalmic surgery is110, and most domestic refractive surgery experts hold different opinions. Of course, good surgical equipment, skilled operation and rich experience of operators and good cooperation of patients are the basis of high safety of surgery. Any operation is risky, and myopia laser surgery can't completely avoid complications. The most common complication is overcorrection or undercorrection, which should be observed for a certain period of time and re-operated as appropriate; Some people may have glare, that is, a light spot is regarded as a light cluster or halo at night, and there is a slight edema reaction between corneal tissues after operation or a large pupil at night, and its edge is close to the surgical edge, which can be gradually reduced. Keratoconus appears in people who have this potential or whose cornea is too thin after operation; Because of poor gaze on the target, eccentric cutting may occur, or the central island may appear due to the action of water vapor vortex on the corneal surface; After PRK and LASEK surgery, corneal Haze and hormonal ocular hypertension may occur due to long-term use of anti-Haze drugs. LASIK has complications related to corneal flap, such as foreign body under the flap, corneal flap displacement and dissolution, increased astigmatism, dry eye and so on. The most serious is the infection of corneal wound during operation. Although it rarely happens, it is the direct cause of blindness, so strict surgical disinfection system and good hygiene habits of patients are very important. After operation, you should also check your eyes regularly, paying special attention to the changes in macular area and peripheral retina, so as to plan ahead. Strict medication and postoperative review are important links. Some patients have unsatisfactory postoperative results or complications, which are caused by not strictly following the doctor's advice. Therefore, doctors should pay special attention here to remind patients to pay attention to postoperative matters. After LASIK 1 ~ 2 hours, eyes usually have sour tears and foreign body sensation, and the symptoms basically disappear after two or three hours. If the symptoms of eye pain are obvious, we must pay attention to distinguish between eye skin pain and eyeball pain. If it belongs to the latter, you should immediately consult an ophthalmologist to rule out the possibility of infection and corneal flap displacement. When eye symptoms appear on the day of operation, you can close your eyes and rest. Don't take off the transparent blindfold at will, and don't squeeze or rub your eyes. The next day, the doctor took off the transparent blindfold, checked his vision, cornea and refraction, and then went to the hospital for reexamination, which was 3 days, 7 days, 1 month, 3 months, half a year and 1 year after operation. Especially in the early postoperative period, doctors can adjust the medication in time according to the reexamination results, which is also an important link to ensure the success of the operation. Patients should also be told to avoid going to places with heavy smoke and dust within one week after operation, eat less spicy food, do not put makeup on their eyes, and avoid water and fine particles entering their eyes. Many people recovered their normal vision on the second day after surgery, but their vision fluctuated in the next few days. Some people's vision gradually returned to normal, mostly stable for two weeks, and finally recovered in March-June. Antibiotics can be taken orally for three days after LASIK to prevent infection; Antibiotic eye drops, hormone eye drops and eye drops for promoting corneal epithelial growth, lubrication and anti-drying should also be given, generally not exceeding one month. For a month, you should use your close-range fine vision less (including watching computer and TV). After the operation, due to the change of refractive state, some people will find it difficult to see things at close range in the early stage and get tired easily. If work and study cannot be avoided, it is necessary to have more intervals, blink more and have more rest, and the general symptoms will gradually disappear with time. In addition, we should pay attention not to swim for a month, avoid diving and intense antagonistic exercise, so as to avoid hitting the eyes, causing eye trauma, corneal flap displacement or even loss. When you have glare symptoms, you should wait until the symptoms disappear before driving at night. Health Economics of Ophthalmic Laser Surgery Excimer Laser Surgery Different surgical methods \ Different hospitals have different prices. For example, the cost of LAISK surgery in most hospitals is 6000 ~ 8000 yuan, but some only need 2000 yuan, and some even need 800 yuan. What needs to be vigilant is that the cost reduction is limited. Some hospitals are very cheap because they use equipment and materials that have long been eliminated abroad. They must have outdated technology or quality problems, and the surgical effect can't be the same. Therefore, we must choose a large hospital with good reputation and guaranteed technology.