Prevention knowledge and publicity of hand, foot and mouth disease

1. Hand, foot and mouth disease prevention knowledge

Hand, foot and mouth disease prevention knowledge 1. What are the prevention knowledge of hand, foot and mouth disease?

1) Personal preventive measures 1. Wash your hands with soap or hand sanitizer before and after meals and after going out. Don't let children drink raw water and eat cold food to avoid contact with sick children; 2. Nurses should wash their hands before touching children, change diapers and dispose of feces for children, and properly handle dirt; 3. Bottles and nipples used by babies should be fully cleaned before and after use; 4. During the epidemic period of this disease, it is not advisable to take children to public places where people gather and the air circulation is poor. Pay attention to keep the family environment clean, often ventilate indoors, and often dry clothes and quilts; 5. Children with related symptoms should go to medical institutions in time.

Children treated at home should not touch other children. Parents should dry or disinfect clothes in time and disinfect feces in time. Mild children do not need to be hospitalized, but should be treated and rested at home to reduce cross-infection. Characteristic acute onset, fever; Oral mucosa appears scattered herpes, the size of rice grain, and the pain is obvious; Herpes the size of a grain of rice appears on the palm or sole, and occasionally the buttocks or knees may be tired by clinical features.

There is an inflammatory blush around the herpes, and there is less liquid in the blister. Some children may be accompanied by cough, runny nose, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting and headache.

2. What are the lessons from the prevention materials of hand, foot and mouth?

Hand-foot-mouth disease (HFMD) is an intestinal infectious disease caused by various enteroviruses. The virus is suitable for survival and transmission in hot and humid environment, mainly among infants under 3 years old. 90% patients have mild symptoms, the main clinical manifestations are: fever, maculopapules and herpes in hands, feet, mouth and other parts, especially oral herpes, which will form oral ulcers after rupture, and some children will have cold symptoms such as sore throat, headache or runny nose. Parents should pay attention to the child's tongue, buccal mucosa, lips, hard palate, pharynx, tonsils and other places. Teenagers and adults will not get sick after infection, but they will spread the virus.

Two points for attention in preventing hand, foot and mouth disease

1. Parents should be careful to hurt their babies. Many adults are often recessive after being infected with hand, foot and mouth disease virus, but they do not get sick themselves, but become the source of infection. Therefore, in April-September when the hand, foot and mouth disease virus is rampant, parents rarely take their children to crowded public places, and they and their children should wash their hands carefully after going out and coming home. "Mouth" is the main transmission route of hand, foot and mouth disease. Parents should not feed their children mouth to mouth. If adults have been invisibly infected, they can "feed" the virus directly to their children. This feeding method should be eliminated.

2. Alcohol can't kill the hand, foot and mouth disease virus "know yourself and know yourself, and fight every battle", and the same is true for the prevention and treatment of virus infection. Hand-foot-mouth disease virus (HFMD virus) has its own characteristics. It loses its activity at high temperature above 56℃ and is sensitive to ultraviolet rays and dryness. Formaldehyde, chloride, phenol and other chemicals can inhibit its activity, while 75% alcohol and 5% lysol have no inhibition or elimination effect. For families, it is mainly to open the window for ventilation, and family members can wash their hands with tap water and soap.

The three ways of hand-foot-mouth disease virus transmission are the only host of hand-foot-mouth disease virus, and patients and recessive infected people are the sources of infection of this disease.

1. Close contact with people who are exposed to pollutants with viruses is an important mode of transmission. Children are infected by touching hands, towels, handkerchiefs, cups, toys, tableware, milk utensils, bedding, underwear, medical equipment, etc.

2. The virus in the patient's throat secretions and saliva can be spread through air (droplets), and the patient's feces and herpes fluid can be spread through contact, so close contact with sick children can cause infection.

3. The disease can be infected by drinking or eating water or food contaminated by virus from the mouth.

Four measures to block hand, foot and mouth disease virus

1. Fresh air keeps the virus away. In fresh air, it is difficult for viruses to "stay" or reproduce indoors. Ventilate at least three times a day for at least 30 minutes each time.

2. Ultraviolet rays kill viruses. Use ultraviolet rays in the sun to kill the virus. This method is suitable for baby's clothes and bedding, but the prerequisite must be sufficient sunshine, otherwise the purpose of killing the virus will not be achieved.

3. High temperature and boiling water kill the virus. In the high incidence season of hand, foot and mouth disease, the tableware or bottle used by the baby is disinfected at high temperature every day, and the boiling water is boiled for more than 15 minutes. And don't mix it with adult tableware.

4. Chlorine-containing disinfectants eradicate the virus Hand, foot and mouth disease virus is difficult to survive in an appropriate proportion of chlorine-containing disinfectants, and it is used according to the instructions. Suitable for baby's clothes, bedding, towels, toys, etc.

Hand, foot and mouth are generally treated with traditional Chinese medicine: in addition to antiviral treatment, symptoms can also be treated with traditional Chinese medicine: honeysuckle, wormwood, raw coix seed, folium Isatidis (that is, leaves of Radix Isatidis) and licorice can be put into water, boiled for 20 minutes, and poured out to make tea. Drink it once every three to five days, and don't drink it for children who are weak and prone to diarrhea. For children with oral herpes, ulcer and halitosis, in addition to the above prescriptions, Juncus, Pogostemon Pogostemonis, Gypsum Fibrosum, Saposhnikovia divaricata and Lophatherum gracile can be decocted with water to clear away heart fire. For children with loss of appetite, malt can also be added to Deng Xinhua's prescription to stimulate appetite. If children have herpes on their hands and feet, they can be washed externally and boiled with Flos Chrysanthemi Indici, Radix Arnebiae, Kochiae Fructus and Radix Sophorae Flavescentis. Soak hands and feet when cooled to a moderate temperature to clear away heat, dry dampness and cool blood.

3. How to prevent hand, foot and mouth disease pictures

Hand-foot-mouth disease is generally acute and children often have fever. The body temperature is 38℃~40℃, and the course of fever is usually 4~7 days, and it is rare for those who are more than 7 days.

At the beginning of the disease, some children are often accompanied by runny nose, sore throat, anorexia, vomiting, diarrhea and other symptoms. Small red papules appear at the distal parts of hands and feet such as fingers, palms, toes and mouth, and quickly turn into small herpes, with a diameter of 2-4mm, which is round and oval, red around and obvious pain.

This rash can sometimes be seen in children's buttocks and perianal regions. Clinically, this disease is characterized by hand, foot and mouth herpes, so it is commonly called hand, foot and mouth disease.

Oral herpes is mostly distributed in the tongue, buccal mucosa, lips, hard palate, pharynx, tonsils and so on. , soon became a small ulcer. Children drooling (drooling) hurts to eat, and even affects eating. Prevention and control measures: hand, foot and mouth disease spreads in many ways, and infants are generally susceptible.

The hygiene of children's individuals, families and kindergartens is the key to prevent the disease. (1) Personal preventive measures 1. Wash your hands with soap or hand sanitizer before and after meals and after going out. Don't let children drink raw water and eat cold food to avoid contact with sick children; 2. Nurses should wash their hands before touching children, change diapers and dispose of feces for children, and properly handle dirt; 3. Bottles and nipples used by babies should be fully cleaned before and after use; 4. During the epidemic period of this disease, it is not advisable to take children to public places where people gather and the air circulation is poor. Pay attention to keep the family environment clean, often ventilate indoors, and often dry clothes and quilts; 5. Children with related symptoms should go to medical institutions in time.

Children treated at home should not touch other children. Parents should dry or disinfect clothes in time and disinfect feces in time. Mild children do not need to be hospitalized, but should be treated and rested at home to reduce cross-infection. Experts call for hand, foot and mouth disease to "attack" children under 5 years old. Hand, foot and mouth disease is caused by enterovirus, and the patients are mainly infants under 5 years old. At the onset, children's oral cheeks, tongue, soft palate, hard palate, inner lip, hands, feet, elbows, knees, buttocks, and anterior vulva will appear gray-white herpes or red papules, the size of which is like millet or mung bean, with redness around them.

Rash is not like mosquito bites, drug eruptions, cold sores and chickenpox, so it is also called "four unlike". Clinically, it has the characteristics of no pain, no itching, no scab and no scar. Some patients may have serious complications, such as myocarditis, pulmonary edema, aseptic meningoencephalitis, or life-threatening.

If there are no complications, most children with hand, foot and mouth disease can recover within one week.