What musical instrument is pipa?

Question 1: What musical instrument does the pipa belong to? Pipa and arpeggio are the names of two playing techniques. Pipa is played forward with the right hand and arpeggio is played backward with the right hand. Pipa is the main plucked instrument with a long history in China. After the performer's improvement, the shape became unified and became a four-string pipa with six phases and twenty-four products. Pipa has a wide range, diverse playing skills and rich expressive force. When playing, each finger of the left hand presses the strings of the corresponding grade, and the right hand wears a celluloid fake nails to pluck the strings.

The so-called pipa in history not only refers to musical instruments with pear-shaped resonance boxes, but also refers to various plucked musical instruments with similar shapes and different sizes, such as, yueqin and Ruan. Their names "Pi" and "Pa" are based on the right-handed skills of playing these instruments.

Pipa, also known as "Pipa", was first seen in Liu Xi's Interpretation of Musical Instruments in the Han Dynasty: "Pipa originated from Hu Zhong and then played drums. When you push your hand, you say yes, but when you hold your hand, you say yes, just like when you beat the drum, because you think it is famous. " In other words, the pipa is a musical instrument that is played on a horse. When it pops forward, it is called a batch, and when it picks back, it is called a handle. According to its performance characteristics, it is named "batch handle". In ancient times, knocking, beating, bouncing and beating were all called drums. At that time, nomadic people were good at playing pipa on horseback, so they were "immediately drummed". Around the Wei and Jin Dynasties, it was officially called "Pipa".

Pipa evolved from straight-necked pipa and curved-necked pipa in history. According to historical records, the straight-necked pipa appeared earlier in China. "Qin Hanzi" in Qin and Han Dynasties is a kind of straight-necked pipa, with a round resonance box with a straight handle (both sides of the resonance box are covered), which was developed from the string pipa at the end of Qin Dynasty. Ruan is a wooden round resonance box with a straight handle, with four strings and twelve columns, and plays the pipa vertically by hand. Ruan Xianshan played this instrument in the Jin Dynasty, so it is commensurate with its name, that is, today's Ruan.

During the Southern and Northern Dynasties, cultural exchanges were conducted with the Western Regions through the Silk Road, and the music pipa was introduced from Persia to China via today's Xinjiang. Qupipa is pear-shaped with four strings and four phases (without columns) and is played horizontally with a pick. It prevailed in the Northern Dynasties and spread to the Yangtze River valley in the south in the first half of the 6th century.

Among the nine or ten pieces of music in Sui and Tang Dynasties, Quxiang Pipa has become the main musical instrument and played an important role in the development of song and dance art in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. From Dunhuang murals and Yungang stone carvings, we can still see its position in the band at that time.

In the 5th and 6th centuries, with the strengthening of commercial and cultural exchanges between China and the nationalities in the Western Regions, a musical pipa was introduced from Central Asia, which was then called Hupipa. Its shape is a curved neck, pear-shaped sound box, with four pillars and four strings, which is very similar to Ud or UD common in current countries or Barbat in ancient Persia. Hold the pipa horizontally and play it with a pick. Modern pipa evolved from this kind of music.

In the Tang Dynasty (7th-9th century), the development of pipa reached a peak. At that time, pipa was indispensable from court band to folk singing, and it became a very popular musical instrument at that time, and it was in a dominant position in the band. This grand occasion is recorded in a large number of China's ancient poems. For example, Bai Juyi, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, vividly described the performance and acoustic effect of pipa in his famous poem Pipa: "The big strings are like rain, and the small strings are like secret words. Humming, whispering, and then mixing together, like pouring large and small pearls into a plate of jade.

In the late Tang Dynasty, the pipa developed greatly from playing technique to production structure. The most outstanding innovation in playing technology is to change the horizontal grip to the vertical grip, and the finger playing directly replaces the pick playing. The most obvious change of pipa structure is from four phonemes to sixteen phonemes (that is, four phases and twelve products). At the same time, its neck is widened, and the lower resonance box is narrowed from wide to narrow, which is convenient for the left hand to press the phoneme. Due to the above two reforms, pipa playing technology has been developed unprecedentedly. According to statistics, there are fifty or sixty fingerings of pipa. To sum up, the right-hand fingering is divided into two systems: one is the wheel fingering system, and the other is the finger breaking system. Left-handed fingering is also divided into two systems: one is shiatsu system, and the other is push-pull system.

By the 5th century/kloc, pipa had a number of works by Wu Qu, such as House of Flying Daggers and Farewell My Concubine, and Wen Qu's works, such as Bright Moon, Love in Spring and Revenge for the King. The so-called Wu Qu is characterized by realism and right-handed skills; The so-called Wen Qu is characterized by lyricism and left-handed skills. These pieces of music have become the treasures of China national music and pipa art.

Pipa is traditionally pentatonic. By the time of the Republic of China, the piano code had been increased according to the law of twelve averages. At present, the standard pipa has eight stages and thirty grades, and the performance of pipa is ... ";

Question 2: What national musical instrument is pipa? The modern pipa is a national musical instrument in China. It was transformed from the ancient pipa. The ancient pipa was introduced from the western regions.

Question 3: It is a very small instrument like a pipa. Let's see what it is. It is a unique 50-point musical instrument of Miao nationality, Piaoqin.

Question 4: There is a musical instrument that looks like a pipa, but there is a circle below it. What instrument is it, Ruan or Yueqin?

Question 5: What kind of musical instrument is the pipa? It is also called the typical pipa plucked instrument in Qin Liu. It is similar to pipa in shape and structure, but smaller than pipa. It is made of willow wood and has four strings. It is shaped like a willow leaf, so it is also called Qin Liu. In other words, our playing method is similar to Ruan's, and the basic methods of long-term playing are plucking the piano and tapping the speaker. There are two kinds of Qin Liu, the ladle shape and the flat shape, which belong to the high-pitched range, and the winter dial range is wider.

Question 6: What instruments can pipa play? I just play the pipa ... My pipa teacher said that the most suitable instrument for pipa is Xiao.

For example, the best performance form of the famous song "Twilight Flute and Drum" ("Moonlit Night on a Spring River") is the ensemble of pipa and flute.

There are also many stories and legends about playing the piano and flute in history.

Question 7: What musical instruments and pictures were there in the ancient Tang Dynasty? There are many representative musical instruments in the Tang Dynasty, such as pipa and pipa. Pipa is like a western harp, but smaller. Pipa is a plucked stringed instrument, originally called "Pipa", which was named after its playing style. In the 4th century, a semi-pear-shaped loudspeaker box with four strings or five strings and four phases (columns) was introduced into Chinese mainland from the Western Regions. From Bai Juyi's immortal poem Pipa Travel, we can see that Pipa was quite popular in Tang and Song Dynasties. In ancient China, "Pipa" was a pictophonetic character that imitated playing skills. The right hand pops up "Pipa" forward and bounces back. In the early days, it was called "Pipa". Shapes and trends can be divided into two types, one is a circular speaker, and the other is a semi-pear speaker. During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, pipa was mainly used to accompany songs and dances, with distinct rhythm, and was played with plucked instruments. With the development and demand of the times, today's pipa has changed from the original four-phase that can only play 1 octave plus pure four degrees to the current four-phase With 65,438+02 semitones, you can go to 65,438+02 keys. Although the structure and style of pipa solo were popular in the Tang and Song Dynasties, it was rarely noticed by performers in previous dynasties, and even if it was mentioned occasionally in ancient poems, it was slightly unknown. There were Pei Shenfu, Duan Shanben and Kang Kunlun in the Tang Dynasty, and Zhang Xiong, Zhong Xiuzhi and Li Jinlou in the Ming Dynasty. Li Jinlou is known as the "unique pipa", and he can play songs such as "General Goes to School". Tang Ying can play songs such as Chu Han and Eighteen Beats of Hu Jia. According to the Biography of Pipa in Tang Dynasty, this song Chu Han is quite similar to the modern popular House of Flying Daggers. Pipa songs can be divided into big songs and small songs. Tune on the Fortress consists of five ditties, such as Chun Qing and Zhao Jun's Complaint. The third is the music form of "Dragon Boat", which is a combination of a tune that imitates gongs and drums and a folk song that becomes a pipa. In the past, those who were good at playing the pipa often used it as the opening ceremony of the bookstore to attract the audience. Pipa music has a civil and military style, and its writing is appropriate. Wu Qu is suitable to show his heroic spirit, such as House of Flying Daggers and The Swan in Christina. There are two differences between shopgb.chinaartinvest/list79ee's Tang Pipa and today's Pipa. Before the reform of the pipa in the Tang Dynasty, people tended to hold the pipa with plucked bullets. After the reform, it is the current playing method, so it is half-holding and half-covering. However, Pipa has a lot of land. After the reform, it was directly played by hand. Piaomo/BBS/Uploadfile/old/3/3 _140.jpg This is an instrument played by Liu Lanzhi in Peacock Flying Southeast.

Question 8: What is the best material for pipa instruments? The best backing material for pipa is a whole piece of rosewood, but now it is rare to see a whole piece. It usually consists of several pieces, of which the most expensive and the best timbre, followed by mahogany, which is divided into old mahogany and new mahogany. The bottom material is usually made in one piece, and several pieces are not as good as the whole piece. It will be right after a long time.

Besides the backing material, the materials of the piano head, the piano shaft, the piano phase and the cover hand are also different. The better ones are ivory, jade and ox horn, and the second one is ox bone.

The better string is Dunhuang brand, which will be more obvious compared with other brands. The strings of Dunhuang brand are obviously soft and malleable.

Question 9: What kind of musical instrument is this? It plays like a guitar and looks like a pipa. This is a mandolin.