Is the proprietary cloud really the universal antidote to the pain of enterprise digital transformation? Understand cloud computing in one article

This is the 871st article of Jingdong Mathematics Department.

Cloud computing has something in common with clouds, and the clouds can be rolled freely, just like the resource consumption of cloud computing, which can be expanded flexibly; Cloud can drift to different locations with the wind, and cloud computing, most of the time, users don't know where the data center is deployed, but it exists.

this cloud is still expanding-according to the White Paper on Cloud Computing Development (22) issued by China Institute of Information and Communication, the global cloud computing market will reach US$ 188.3 billion in 219, with a growth rate of 2.86%, and the average growth rate is expected to remain at around 18% in the next few years. In the same year, the scale of China's cloud computing market was 133.4 billion yuan, with a growth rate of 38.6%.

There are two numerical values worth exploring. First, China's cloud computing market is huge, accounting for about 7% of the global market; Second, the growth rate is extremely fast. This means that the cloud computing market, which has developed for more than ten years in China, has ushered in a new "clash of the titans".

the new battlefield will shift from public cloud to private cloud, and private cloud will dominate the world in the next decade.

why is the digital transformation of traditional enterprises more suitable for private cloud? How should enterprises choose the corresponding cloud service providers? How should players in the field of cloud computing seize this wave of opportunities?

when the consumer internet has long been set as "the development of traffic dividends is exhausted", a new round of development dividends has turned to traditional industries, and their demands for computing and data storage during the digital transformation have brought opportunities for cloud computing. According to the report, 95% of enterprises believe that cloud computing can reduce the IT cost of enterprises, and more and more industry users, such as banks, real estate, aviation, retail, manufacturing, and agriculture, have the desire to go to the cloud.

in addition to the needs of enterprises themselves, policies are also beginning to tilt towards cloud computing. This year, new infrastructure was written into the work report. Among the seven new infrastructure priorities listed by CCTV, big data center, 5G infrastructure, artificial intelligence and industrial Internet are impressively listed. The new infrastructure will undoubtedly greatly increase the future data storage and computing needs, and cloud computing is needed as the base behind it. By July 22, more than 2 provinces have issued new infrastructure plans, and Guangdong alone has proposed 59 million yuan of new infrastructure projects.

the new round of cloud computing market has its underlying logic, with the digital transformation of enterprises as the internal drive and the new infrastructure as the external drive.

from the perspective of evolution trend, cloud computing has evolved from a single private cloud and public cloud to a cloudy one dominated by private clouds and hybrid clouds.

the main difference between them lies in the subject to which cloud resources belong:

① public cloud: cloud products and services are directly provided by cloud service providers, and enterprises need to host data in the service providers' data centers, so their mastery of data is relatively weak. However, it has strong flexibility, flexible resource consumption and low cost.

② private cloud: cloud service providers independently build service systems for enterprises, deploy computer rooms and servers, and provide customized solutions according to the needs of enterprises. It is more suitable for industries that require high data security, such as government departments, and at the same time, the deployment cost is higher, and it also needs regular operation and maintenance.

③ hybrid cloud: the public cloud is too open and the data security is insufficient; Private cloud is too closed, complicated operation and maintenance costs remain high, and data circulation scope is limited, so hybrid cloud combines the two. The service with low confidentiality is deployed in the public cloud, and the core sensitive data is deployed in the private cloud, and a bridge is built between the two, and communication is carried out by the private channel of the intranet.

④ private cloud: private cloud has something in common with hybrid cloud, which also classifies data according to confidentiality and deploys them in different resource pools. The difference between the two is that the hybrid cloud still needs to build a private cloud for the enterprise, while the private cloud is a cloud partition directly provided by the cloud service provider, which physically isolates the virtualized resource pool. Private cloud is more similar to hybrid cloud in form, but at a lower cost.

in recent two years, the growth rate of private cloud market is obvious. According to iResearch's Insight Report on the Development of Private Cloud Industry in China in 22, in 218, the market size of private cloud in China will be 5.92 billion yuan, and the five-year compound growth rate is expected to be 56.7%. By 223, the private cloud market is expected to reach 55.94 billion yuan.

the scale of the private cloud market is also growing, but the growth rate has slowed down relatively. According to the White Paper on Cloud Computing Development (22), its market scale reached 64.5 billion yuan in 219, a year-on-year increase of 22.8%, and it is estimated that the market scale will be around 15 billion yuan in 223.

the public cloud is a "big cake", which has almost been carved up by the giants, so it is difficult for long-tailed players to overtake in corners. The market size of China public cloud is 68.9 billion yuan in 219. Although the current growth rate is still considerable-the growth rate in 219 is 57.6%-there is still resistance to the development of public clouds in the future.

first, data security. Even Alibaba Cloud, the leader in the industry, has had many downtime accidents. At the beginning of 219, IO HANG failed, which paralyzed a large number of domestic Internet companies, and then there were two failures in succession. The customers of public cloud are generally Internet companies and small and medium-sized enterprises. However, the market customer base is changing, and traditional industries such as industry, government, medical care and finance are accelerating to go to the cloud. They have higher requirements for data security and service controllability, and prefer proprietary cloud and private cloud solutions.

secondly, the problem of time delay. In the past, the public cloud was mostly based on a large-scale data center, and all the data were transmitted from a large number of terminal devices to the "center" for processing, which consumed a lot of bandwidth resources and delayed the return of data, resulting in time delay. To this end, cloud vendors build physical and virtual resource pools in the near field of enterprises, expand computing power to the edge side, and provide faster and end-to-end edge cloud computing services. In the "center+edge node" ecology, private cloud is a concrete manifestation of near-end distributed cloud, which naturally conforms to the direction of public cloud reform.

at this point, the development advantages of the private cloud market have become as clear as the clear sky after the rain.

Compared with public cloud, it can effectively solve the problem of data security and time delay, and the deployment of near-end devices makes the access speed faster, but the flexibility of expansion is not weakened; Compared with private cloud, it not only has the advantages of flexible business architecture, but also avoids data islands, opens up cloud and local data and realizes two-way data transmission.

No vendor doesn't want to increase. In order to occupy the incremental market, vendors turn to proprietary cloud and hybrid cloud. At the same time, based on its past advantages, it launched customized solutions for the industry.

it seems that the dust has settled, and the cloud computing field in the "post-Jianghu market" has seen a resurgence of smoke.

① Huawei Cloud and Tianyi Cloud: Introducing hybrid cloud to meet the flexible expansion needs of government and enterprise users

Privacy and security are the first considerations for government departments and large enterprises to access the cloud. However, the most secure private cloud has gradually exposed the problem of insufficient flexible expansion ability during its use, giving birth to the demand for hybrid cloud use.

At present, China Telecom has cooperated with more than 236 cities in 31 provinces to build 11 provincial government cloud platforms, and more than 1 government cloud platforms in prefecture-level cities. IDC ranks first in China, and there are more than 7 data centers under the national resource layout of "2+4+31+X".

under the existing layout of government resources, the hybrid cloud business transformation of tianyiyun comes naturally.

Huawei Cloud went a step further, and it directly stopped a single private cloud service. Before the innovation, Huawei communicated with past customers such as People's Bank of China, Audit Office, Industrial and Commercial Bank of China, Emergency Management Department, etc. The Internet-driven business has changed rapidly, and it is difficult to solve the functional and architectural innovation required by users with a regular annual upgrade. Hybrid cloud is more in line with long-term use needs.

However, in the process of transformation, Huawei Cloud is facing a more complicated situation than Tianyi Cloud. It started from a private cloud, and has accumulated a large number of private cloud-related customers. If the existing customers are to be upgraded to a hybrid cloud, the lowest cost way is to get through the private cloud and the public cloud through the data channel. However, such an "assembly" will increase the difficulty of R&D operation and maintenance in the process of continuous superposition of components and multiple system upgrades, which will lead to a decline in experience.

to achieve the stability of long-term experience, cloud service providers need to re-adjust the system based on the public cloud architecture. Under the great innovation, how to prove that it is enough to catch up with competitors in hybrid cloud business and maintain its past data security advantages is a key issue that Huawei Cloud needs to verify with customers.

In 216 and 217, Huawei Cloud rapidly expanded government customers and built local clouds for 66 cities. After abandoning a single private cloud, how to help former government and enterprise customers transform and win their long-term support will become the core breakthrough point of Huawei's hybrid cloud business.

② Jingdong Digital Finance Cloud T1: Providing solutions for the financial industry

Compared with the government business departments, the financial industry is more urgent to go to the cloud.

On the one hand, the traditional banking business has been severely impacted by the Internet, and Internet finance is carving up the market, and users are migrating online. According to the 219 China Banking Service Report, only 1.23% of banking business was completed through the counter last year; On the other hand, the development of the financial industry has not yet touched the ceiling, and wealth management, insurance and securities are still in the early stage of development in China, and practitioners have the intention of pioneering the gold.

the market environment determines that financial enterprises must reach users online. Their rigid demands are: adopting an open architecture like Internet companies, making it easy to adjust and modify products flexibly; At the same time, it can provide more support in user drainage, viscosity maintenance and so on.

In order to solve these pain points, JD.com has launched T1 Financial Cloud, which covers financial proprietary cloud, digital operation platform U+, data middle platform, technology middle platform and distributed relational database StarDB.

from the perspective of cloud computing, financial private cloud ensures data security and flexible expansion. The "one-stop mobile R&D platform" of U+ platform provides the ability to develop apps and applets in the form of PaaS, which greatly shortens the deployment cycle. It also provides the whole life cycle management of apps, including performance monitoring, crash analysis and message push. It is understood that the PaaS platform can reduce development resources to 38% and improve performance by more than 5%. With its support, Suzhou Rural Commercial Bank quickly launched online loan system, intelligent customer service system and mobile banking within a few months.

for financial customers, it greatly reduces the difficulty of development and operation of China-Taiwan and APP, and reduces the cost of digital transformation of banks.

of course, this is not the end. T1 Financial Cloud, the "exporter of financial industry solutions", also provides more in-depth operation services-the key contact point of "Milve" intelligent marketing decision-making system to record user behavior, providing refined operation strategies for multiple business scenarios, providing A/B testing, and analyzing and re-checking the effectiveness of strategies. Not long ago, at the JD.COM Global Science and Technology Explorers Conference, Cao Peng, vice president of JD.COM Digital Technology Group, also mentioned the "intelligent voice outbound robot". The daily call volume of Jingdong Digital Robot exceeds one million, and the conversion rate is 63% higher than that of manual call. In addition, "Hawkeye" SMS marketing, "Liangyan" user survey, intelligent customer service, live broadcast, work order system and other solutions are also improving user stickiness.

It is in a period of rapid growth. According to the Tracking of China Financial Cloud Market (First Half of 22) released by International Data Corporation (IDC), Jingdong Digital Branch T1 Financial Cloud has laid a 9.5% market share in the financial cloud market within one year. It can be predicted that this number will continue to grow.

③ Alibaba Cloud and Tencent Cloud leverage their past advantages to incite new businesses

The essence of business is to rely on their past advantages to create leverage and incite greater profits and markets, as Huawei Cloud did, as did Alibaba Cloud and Tencent Cloud.

Alibaba Cloud's biggest trend this year is to transform its original products, combine them with the foundation of the cloud platform, build a digital native operating system, and then transform it into an enterprise application development platform. Such an operation is not only conducive to diversion, but also smoothly sinks cloud market services to small and medium-sized enterprises. It is worth mentioning that for large and medium-sized enterprises, Alibaba Cloud mainly promotes private cloud.

Tencent Cloud has put forward the ecological strategy of the Internet of Things, which has dabbled in the fields of automobiles and smart hotels, and upgraded the business management system for enterprises with products such as proprietary cloud and public cloud. Its IoT strategy is 2B2C, and the important starting point of its development lies in WeChat traffic, which replaces all kinds of apps with low opening rate and improves the activity of IoT devices.

as a part of new infrastructure, cloud computing has flooded into more and more industries, and its service form is becoming more detailed and more grounded.

from the user side, it is becoming more and more common to adopt multiple cloud service providers and multiple cloud forms. According to the data in the Flexera Cloud Status Report 22, 93% of enterprises adopted the cloudy strategy, while 87% adopted the hybrid cloud strategy. Respondents used 2.2 public * * * clouds and 2.2 private clouds on average.

under the cloudy strategy, the demand for multi-network convergence is born, that is, the cloud is opened across service providers, so that the data of the same enterprise deployed in different cloud service providers can interact. At present, Tianyi Cloud has achieved "first-line cloudy". After getting on the cloud, it can be connected to other cloud service providers by using the special line.

there is no end to the path of cloud computing optimization. Cloudy convergence and multi-network convergence are becoming a new trend. Once this process is completed, it will be difficult for cloud service providers to retain customers by using past data precipitation, and the competition will eventually return to the effectiveness of the solution.

# Cloud computing #